| 释义 |
cut
I. \ˈkət, usu -əd.+V\ verb
(cut ; cut ; cutting ; cuts)
Etymology: Middle English cutten, kitten; perhaps akin to Swedish dialect kata to cut
transitive verb
1.
a. : to penetrate with or as if with an edged instrument : cleave, pierce : make an incision in : gash, slash
< cut one's hand with a knife >
b.
(1) : to operate on : castrate (as a domestic animal)
(2) : to perfrom lithotomy upon
c. : to hurt the feelings of
< sarcasm cuts him to the quick >
d. : to strike sharply with a cutting effect
< cut him across the legs with a whip >
e. : to slice or enter into with an effect like that of an edged instrument
< icy blasts that cut one to the marrow >
f. : to score the surface of (a cylinder or bearing) by moving other parts over it usually without sufficient lubrication
g. : to experience the growth of (a tooth) through the gum
2. : to reduce by or as if by severing a part: as
a. : trim, pare
< cut one's nails >
b. : to shorten (as for reading or presentation) by omissions
< cut a manuscript >
c. : to reduce the intensity of:
(1) : to cause to be less thick, viscous, or tenacious : dissolve, dilute
< alcohol cuts shellac >
(2) : to dilute or adulterate (liquor) by adding water or other nonalcoholic liquid : reduce the concentration or strength of
d. : to reduce in amount : lower, diminish
< cut prices >
e. : to trim (book edges) slightly in order to loosen leaves for reading, produce pleasing margins, or bring the book to the size desired
f. : to remove (excess metal) with an edged tool or an oxidizing flame
g. : to trim and join (motion-picture shots or sound tracks) : edit (a film) by rearrangements and omissions
h. : to take away show points from (an animal being shown) for a fault (as of conformation or color)
3.
a.
(1) : mow, reap
< cut hay >
(2) : to sever from the growing plant
< cut flowers >
(3) : to yield as a crop
< that field cuts several tons of hay >
b.
(1) : to divide into parts or to sever a part from by an edged tool
< cut bread >
(2) : to separate or remove by an edged tool
< cut a slice of bread >
(3) : to divide for distribution or apportionment : carve
< cut meat >
c. : fell, hew
< cut timber >
d. : to slit (folded but untrimmed pages of a book)
e. : to separate (a person) from an organization
< a coach who cut two men from his football squad >
: detach : single out and remove, extract, or isolate — often used with out
< cutting these steers out from the herd >
f. : to uncouple (two railroad cars or a car and locomotive)
g.
(1) : to hit (a ball) with a glancing blow so as to deflect it and put a spin on it
< cut a tennis ball with an inclined racket >
(2) cricket : to deflect (a bowled ball) to the off with a chopping stroke
(3) : to hit and propel (an object ball in pool or billiards) at a marked angle by a very fine contact
h. : to cause to move along (as a timber, roller, or gun) by prying or driving each end alternately sideways
i. : to change the direction of : turn
< the driver cut the wheels sharply >
j. : to proceed with a very near approach to : skirt
4.
a. : to divide into segments : separate into parts with an action or result suggestive of that of an edged instrument : divide off or up
b. : intersect, cross
< the lines cut one another >
c. : to describe (an intersecting line)
< cutting a diagonal across the state >
d. : break, interrupt, sever : make the use of for travel, transportation, or communication impossible : break the continuity of
< the enemy had cut our communication line >
e.
(1) : to divide or separate (a deck of cards) especially into two portions by removing cards from the top
(2) : to draw (a card) from the deck especially for the purpose of deciding the deal
f. : to salt out (as soap)
g. : to cut apart (full printed sheets of text, maps, or illustrations) in preparation for binding
h. : to divide (as spoils or profits) into shares : split
i. of a pitched baseball : to pass over (a part of the plate)
< a fast ball that cut the inside corner >
5.
a. : stop, cease : desist from
< cut the nonsense >
b. : to break off an acquaintance with : ostracize
< friends cut him as news of the scandal spread >
: refuse to recognize (an acquaintance)
< cut him dead in the street >
c. : to absent oneself usually without excuse from (a lecture, recitation, or other academic function or an engagement)
d. : to stop (a motor or engine) by opening a switch or closing a throttle valve : turn off : adjust to a lesser or minimal speed or intensity
e. : to terminate the photographing of (a motion-picture scene)
f. : to terminate the transmission of (part of a radio or television program)
g. : to ignore an admonition or direction of and proceed
< cut a red light >
6.
a. : to make by or as if by cutting : give form or shape to by cutting: as
(1) : to carve (as a statue)
(2) : to shape (as by grinding facets)
< cut a diamond >
(3) : to engrave (as a woodcut)
(4) : to shear out
(5) : to hollow out (as by erosion), bore, or excavate
< floodwaters cut new channels >
< cut a tunnel >
(6) : to pierce (as by excavation)
< cut a dike >
b. : to record a speech, musical selection, or other sound on (a phonograph record)
c. : to type (a stencil) : type on a stencil
< army orders being cut >
7.
a. : to engage in (a grotesque, frolicsome, or mischievous action) — used especially in the phrases cut a caper and cut didoes
b. : to give the appearance or impression of : make — usually used with figure as object
< tall and stately, he cut a fine figure as a senator >
intransitive verb
1.
a. : to do the work of or as if of an edged tool : serve in or as if in dividing or gashing
< a knife that cuts well >
b. : to permit of being cut : admit of incision or severance
< cheese cuts easily >
c. : to perform the operation of dividing, severing, incising, or intersecting : use a cutting instrument
< a tailor busy cutting >
d. : to pierce through incisively
e. of a horse : to interfere slightly especially by brushing the inner aspect of the corona of a hoof
f. : to make a stroke with a whip, sword, or other weapon
< a duelist cutting at his adversary >
: inflict a sharp painful stroke
< a heavy whip that cuts deep >
g. : to wound feelings or sensibilities
< remarks that cut >
h. : to cut in surgery : operate
i. : to have constricting and chafing effects
< a coat that cuts at the armpits >
j. : to be of effect, influence, or significance
< an analysis that cuts deep >
2.
a.
(1) : to divide a pack of cards into two or more portions in order to decide the deal or trump, change the order of the cards, or settle a bet as to who will have the highest
(2) : to draw a card from the pack in order to decide the deal or choice of seats or partners
b. : to divide spoils : split
3.
a. : to go, pass, or proceed especially with dispatch
< cut along a side road >
< a launch cutting across the harbor >
b. : to go across rather than around : make a short cut : proceed obliquely from a straight course
< cut across the campus >
< cut down the alley >
c. : to move away quickly : leave hurriedly
d. : to execute a dancing coupé
e. : to move swiftly as if passing through — usually with through
< a yacht cutting through the water >
f. : to describe an often oblique or diagonal line
< a road that cuts through the swamp >
g. : to change in direction : veer, swerve, turn
< the carriage cut to the right >
especially : to swerve sharply from one's original direction so as to elude an opponent
< an end who cuts in to receive a pass >
< a wing who must cut in order to get around the defense >
h. : to make an abrupt transition from one sound or image to another in motion pictures, radio, or television
i. : to stop a dancing couple and take the place of one of the partners — usually used with in
4. of a color in a painting : to stand out prominently
5.
a. : to absent oneself from an appointment or academic session
b. : to cease photographing motion pictures
c. of an engine or machine : to fail or cease operation
Synonyms:
carve, slit, slash, chop, hew: cut is a general term without much connotational force and is generally interchangeable with the others in this group. carve, in earlier English likewise general in meaning, is likely now to suggest purposive, deft, and careful cutting with a sharp knife or chisel to achieve a desired form or shape
< carve a figure from wood >
< a statue carved from granite >
slit indicates a narrow lengthwise cutting with a sharp instrument, often with some skill or dexterity
< the surgeon slit the abdominal wall above the appendix >
< slit a sealed envelope >
carve and slit may indicate care, skill, deftness, and restraint; slash, chop, and hew are likely to suggest violent forceful action. slash may suggest swinging sweeping strokes made forcefully or fiercely without precision in direction and inflicting gashes with a long blade as of a sword, machete, or straight razor
< his face was slashed with dueling scars >
< slashing their way through the jungle >
chop involves cutting with rough heavy blows made without precision with a heavier tool like a hatchet or chopping knife
< chopping the wood into stove lengths >
< the workmen chopped down the tree >
hew may suggest sustained great energy in cutting with a heavy tool like an ax or large chisel through something large or difficult
< hew down a forest >
< hew a crypt out of the rock >
•
- cut adrift
- cut a feather
- cut and run
- cut a rug
- cut a rusty
- cut a swathe
- cut both ways
- cut corners
- cut fine
- cut flush
- cut ice
- cut into
- cut loose
- cut one's eye
- cut one's eyeteeth
- cut one's teeth on
- cut one's throat
- cut short
- cut square
- cut stick
- cut the buck
- cut the ground from under
- cut the gun
- cut the knot
- cut the muster
- cut the pan
- cut to pieces
- cut to shape
- cut to the bone
- cut up touches
II. noun
(-s)
1. : something that is cut off : a severed part or portion : division, segment, piece: as
a. [Middle English cut, cutte, from cutten, v.] : one of a number of straws or sticks cut in uneven lengths and used to draw lots
b. : a slice of food (as of meat or bread)
c. : a unit indicating yarn size based on the number of fixed-length hanks per pound
< a 1-cut asbestos or glass yarn has one 100-yard hank to the pound; a 4-cut has four 100-yard hanks per pound >
< a 1-cut woolen yarn has 300 yards per pound; a 6-cut has 1800 yards per pound >
d.
(1) : a length of cloth as cut from a loom or packaged for selling varying from 40 to 100 yards in length
(2) : a section cut from such a length of cloth
< he sold 5-yard cuts for dresses >
e. : a field under cultivation : a specified part of such a field
f. : lunch, snack
g. : a part of a tree bough from which rails and board may be split
h. : the yield of products that are cut (as grain, timber, or lumber) during a specified period or operation
i. : a segment or section of a meat animal carcass : a piece from such a segment
< a rib cut >
j. cuts plural : persons who have cut each other socially : former friends now not speaking
k. : a part of a band of animals that has been separated from a main herd
l. : a fraction separated in the course of a process (as distilling)
< the lighter cuts of petroleum >
m. : share : portion of gain, profit, or loot : allotment from some often illicit venture
n. cuts plural : hard candies broken into irregular shapes and sizes
o. : a dispersion of a certain number of pounds of shellac or resin per gallon of volatile liquid paint
p. : a part of salable size cut off from a sponge too large to be marketable
q. : the material removed by a cutting tool : the thickness of the chip removed
< a cut of 1/8 inch >
r. : needles per inch in latch-needle circular or flat knitting machines : the relative fineness of fabric therefrom
s. : one or more scoring points taken from a show animal for a fault
t. : two or more cars coupled together or to a locomotive but not conforming to specifications for a train
u. : a compass bearing line or a set of intersecting bearing lines that indicate a ship's position
2.
a. [Middle English, from cutten, v.] now dialect : a man or woman who is disliked; specifically : trollop
b. obsolete : plow horse, cart horse
3. : the effect produced by cutting: as
a. : a notch, creek, channel, or inlet made by excavation or worn by natural action (as of water)
< a cut or canal >
b. : an opening made with an edged instrument : cleft, gash, slash : a wound made by cutting
< a cut in the thigh >
c. obsolete : an ornamental slash in a garment
d. : a natural cleft resembling a cut
< the cuts of a maple leaf >
e. : a surface or outline left by cutting
< a clean or smooth cut >
f. : a passage cut as a roadway
< a railway cut >
g. : a grade or step (as in a social or economic scale)
< be a cut above one's neighbor >
< a few lads several cuts above the ordinary — J.F.Powers >
also : a social stratum
h. : a narrow opening in the floor of a theater stage for the passage of scenery
i. also cut point
(1) : a mathematical division : something that divides into two classes
(2) in the aggregate of rational numbers : a partition or border constituted by an irrational number
j. : the notchings made in a key
k.
(1) : a printing surface used for a pictorial illustration or matter not readily reproducible in type (as a line or halftone engraving or an electrotype or stereotype molded therefrom) — called also block
(2) : a print or impression from a cut; also : any printed illustration
4. : the act or an instance of cutting: as
a. : a gesture or expression that wounds the feelings (as a harsh criticism or sarcastic remark); especially : personal discourtesy in neglecting to recognize an acquaintance
b. : a straight or easy passage or course
< took a cut through the woods >
c.
(1) : a stroke with the edge of a fencing weapon — distinguished from thrust
(2) : the motion of giving a cut
d. : a stroke or blow with the edge of a knife or other edged tool : the lash of a whip
e. : the act of removing a part (as of a composition) or reducing or dividing as if by use of a knife
< make cuts in a drama >
< a cut in prices >
< salary cuts and other retrenchments >
f. : a quick replacement of one foot by the other in dancing — compare coupé
g. of a horse : the action of cutting : interfering
h. : act or turn of cutting cards; also : the result of cutting : a card so obtained
i.
(1) : a student's voluntary absence from a regular academic class or function at which attendance is expected
(2) : an instructor's or other official's absenting himself from class or other academic function and thereby canceling its meeting
< giving his class a cut when he was out of town >
j.
(1) : a stroke that cuts a ball; also : the spin imparted by such a stroke
(2) : such a cricket stroke on the off side between point and the wicket; also : a cricketer who plays this stroke — see late cut
(3) : a swing by a batter at a pitched baseball
k. : an exchange of captures in checkers
l. : an abrupt transition from one sound or image to another in motion pictures, radio, or television
5.
a. : the shape and style in which a thing is cut, formed, or made; especially : the distribution of material or the design characterizing a garment
< clothes of the latest cut >
b. : pattern, type, appearance
< an odd cut of a dog >
< others of her cut >
c. : style of cutting a gem
d. [by shortening] : haircut
•
- cut of one's jib
III. adjective
Etymology: Middle English cutt, kitt, from past participle of cutten, kitten to cut
1. : subjected to cutting : formed or fashioned by cutting:
a. : detached by cutting; specifically : cut from a growing plant
< cut flowers >
b. : sliced, chopped, or shredded; specifically : shredded for use in smoking
< cut tobacco >
c. archaic : showing ornamental cuts or slashes
< a cut doublet >
d. [Middle English, from cutt cut (castrated)] : castrated
< a cut horse >
e. : cut from a coin of larger denomination — used especially of metallic money (as pieces of eight) circulated in the West Indies and in parts of the American mainland in the 18th and early 19th centuries
2. : incised, lobed
< a flower with cut leaves >
3. : drunk
< cut last night and unable to remember >
IV. transitive verb
1.
a. : to sing, play, or act for the studio recording or filming of
< cut an album >
< cut a commercial >
b. : to sing or play (as a song or a track) for a studio recording
< cut a piano roll >
2. : to be able to manage or handle — usually used in negative constructions
< can't cut that kind of work anymore >
intransitive verb
: to make a sudden transition or imaginative leap : pass abruptly (as from one subject, setting, or time to another)
< the novel's narrative cuts back and forth between Chicago and New York >
< cut to 1917 >
•
- cut a deal
- cut it
- cut one's losses
- cut to the chase
V. noun
1. : a single song or musical piece on a phonograph record
2. : the elimination of part of a usually large field from further competition, participation, or consideration — often used with miss or make to denote respectively being or not being among those eliminated
< played well and made the cut >
3. : an edited version of a film
< a director's cut > |