| 释义 |
scalp
I. \ˈskalp, ˈskau̇p\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, of Scandinavian origin; akin to Old Norse skālpr sheath, Middle Dutch schelpe shell, and probably to Old High German skala husk, shell — more at scale
1. chiefly Scotland : skull, head
2. : the part of the integument of the human head usually covered with hair; broadly : this part including the skin, the dense subcutaneous tissue, the occipitofrontalis muscle with the galea aponeurotica, the loose subaponeurotic tissue, and the cranial periosteum
3.
a. : a part of the human scalp with attached hair cut or torn from an enemy as a token of victory by Indian warriors of No. America or their white adversaries
b.
(1) : an act of capitulation (as a resignation) demanded or obtained (as in retaliation for some act or line of action)
< senators clamored for the secretary's scalp >
< civic airport boosters were calling for scalps — Joseph Wechsberg >
(2) : one whose compliance or defeat is sought or obtained as a means of advancing one's cause or enhancing one's status
< a society leader adding scalps >
(3) : something symbolizing the result of punitive action and becoming a tally in a series
< boxer who has added four more scalps to his belt >
4. chiefly Scotland
a. : a projecting mass of bare ground or rock
< grassy scalp of the hill … that stood clear of the … pine forest — G.K.Chesterton >
b. : a bank (as a bed of oysters) uncovered by the sea at low tide
5.
a. : the part of an animal (as a wolf or a fox) corresponding to the human scalp; also : the part of a hide (as an ear or tail) surrendered when collecting a bounty whether restricted to this area or not
< some country shires pay bonuses on wombat scalps — Bill Beatty >
b. : the skin of the head and part of the neck of an animal preserved so as to be suitable for mounting either over the natural skull or an artificial model — compare dollyhead
c. : the whole upper part of the head of a whale
6. : a small profit taken by a speculator in a quick transaction
7. [scalp (II) ]
a. : a sieve or other device for scalping a material (as wheat)
b. : the coarse portion of a material (as wheat) that is removed by scalping
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
transitive verb
1.
a. : to deprive of the scalp : cut or tear the scalp from the head of
b.
(1) : to remove a top layer or growth from
< seed spots one foot square were scalped free of sod and litter — American Midland Naturalist >
< most of the land had been scalped for pine lumber — Lenard Kaufman >
(2) : to cause (as a top layer) to be removed
< if sod is heavy, it should be scalped off before planting the shrubs — R.E.Trippensee >
< scalp weeds >
c. : ross
< splitting out clapboards and laying them on the scalped joists — Conrad Richter >
d. : to remove a desired constituent from (a material) with the residue left as waste
< wasteful refiners scalp petroleum — Lalia P. Boone >
2. : to screen or sift (as grain, meal, or ore) in order to remove foreign materials or to separate out coarser grades
3.
a. : to buy and sell so as to make small quick profits
< scalp stocks >
< scalp grain >
b. : to obtain and resell (as theater tickets) at prices usually greatly above the stated rates without official sanction as a speculation
< speculators were scalping tickets at double the going price — Dean Jennings >
< possible … to scalp tickets even for a free-admission television show — Arthur Godfrey >
< newsboys bought copies by the armload, scalped them for as much as $1 each — Time >
4.
a. : to deprive (as a politician or officeholder) of position or influence
b. : to triumph over especially in a spectacular fashion
< scalp a tennis opponent >
c. : to hold up to ridicule : polish off : humiliate
5. : to machine the surface from (semifinished metal products) before further fabrication
< scalp billets >
intransitive verb
1. : to remove or obtain scalps especially as tokens of victory
2.
a. : to make a small usually quick profit by slight fluctuations of the market
b. : to scalp tickets
III. intransitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Latin scalpere to dig, scratch, carve, cut — more at shelf
of a horse : to cut the coronary cushion or quarters especially when traveling at high speed |