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单词 extinguish
释义 ex·tin·guish
\ikˈstiŋgwish, -wēsh, chiefly in pres part -wəsh; ÷-ŋw-\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-es)
Etymology: Latin exstinguere, extinguere (from ex- ex- (I) + stinguere to extinguish) + English -ish (as in abolish); akin to Latin instigare to urge on, incite — more at stick
transitive verb
1.
 a. : to cause (as a fire or light) to cease burning : put out : quench
  < extinguishing the flames >
  < threw water on the glowing coals to extinguish them >
  < the lamps were all extinguished >
 b.
  (1) : to bring (as life or hope) to an end : make an end of : cause to die out : do away with entirely : blot out of existence : wipe out : make extinct : destroy, annihilate
   < a way of life which one might expect to have been extinguished almost two generations ago — E.H.Spicer >
   < death will not extinguish us — W.L.Sullivan >
   < extinguishing the last glimmer of hope >
   : suppress (an institution or an official position)
   < extinguishing monasteries by an act of the king >
   < whose office of paymaster of works was extinguished by these efforts — John Craig >
  (2) : to reduce to silence or ineffectiveness : choke off : stifle, smother
   < a very nearly extinguished voice — Elizabeth Bowen >
   < extinguishing his opponents with a single word >
   : make powerless or inoperative : crush, check
   < a point at which the popular will is extinguished — T.E.Utley >
  (3) : to cause extinction of (a conditioned response)
   < the more specific a response the easier it is to extinguish it — Ralph Linton >
 c. : to cause the brightness of to appear relatively dim or to disappear altogether (as by setting next to a superior brilliancy) : cause to seem lackluster or tawdry : eclipse
  < a glittering costume that extinguished all the others >
  < her face looked pale and extinguished, as if dimmed by the rich red of her dress — Edith Wharton >
2.
 a. : to cause (as a claim or right) to be void : make legally nonexistent : nullify, abolish
  < titles to the land had not been extinguished — C.G.Bowers >
 b. : to get rid of (a debt or other liability) by payment or other compensatory adjustment — compare suspend, transfer
intransitive verb
archaic : to become extinguished : die out
Synonyms: see abolish, crush
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更新时间:2024/11/11 17:33:13