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单词 dumb
释义 dumb
I. \ˈdəm\ adjective
(-er/-est)
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German tumb mute, inexperienced, stupid, Old Norse dumbr mute, Gothic dumbs mute, Old English dēaf deaf — more at deaf
1. : destitute of the power of speech
 < he must have been dumb, for never a word did he utter — Herman Melville >
2.
 a. : by nature incapable of speech like that of human beings
  < dumb animals >
 b. of an animal : having no capacity to make sounds : mute
 c. : having no voice — used of inanimate things
  < the great dumb trees — Anton Vogt >
3. : temporarily unable to speak (as from astonishment, grief, shock)
 < one pictures newspaper reporters going about, struck dumb with amazement at every smallest incident in this amazing life we lead — Rose Macaulay >
4.
 a. : not expressed in uttered words : not communicated verbally — used of feelings, emotions, ideas
  < how terrible is that dumb grief which has never learned to moan — John Galsworthy >
  < let the world wail! … my sorrow shall be dumb! — Edna S. V. Millay >
 b. : incapable of being expressed or communicated verbally
  < the expression of loss and loneliness and dumb desire on his face — Irwin Shaw >
5. : silent, quite: as
 a. : saying little or nothing usually through lack of desire to speak : taciturn, uncommunicative
  < if they had nothing to say, they were capable of sitting for hours, dumb and unabashed, over their pipes or their plugs of tobacco — Ellen Glasgow >
  < I beg that you remain dumb, that you write no more poems — Amy Lowell >
 b. : not having the usual accompaniment of speech or sound
  < with frantic dumb play Anton signaled to Vincent — Basil Thomson >
  < legend and tradition demand that bells be dumb until they are blessed — P.D.Peery >
6. : having little or no meaning : inexpressive
 < his work is infantile, dumb with botched detail, wooden scenes, and collapsed characterizations — J.S.Shrike >
7. : lacking some usual attribute or concomitant; especially of a boat : having no means of self-propulsion
 < dumb barge >
 < dumb lighter >
8. [influenced in meaning by Dutch dom stupid, German & Pennsylvania German dumm] : stupid, foolish
 a. of a person : lacking perception or understanding : unresponsive
  < too dumb to do things in the right way — W.J.Reilly >
  < blind to Galileo on his turret, dumb to Homer, dumb to Keats — Robert Browning >
 b. of an action or thing : resulting from or characterized by stupidity
  < must learn to disregard the dumb advice … of relatives and friends — R.V.Seliger >
  < bad weather, youthful recklessness, carelessness, and plain dumb flying — Time >
Synonyms:
 mute, speechless, inarticulate: dumb and mute are often interchangeable, but some differences may be noted. In reference to animals, mute implies an inability to make sounds, dumb an incapacity for speech
  < must I live all my life as mute as a mackerel? — L.P.Smith >
  < yon dumb patient camel — Robert Browning >
  In reference to persons, dumb may imply some physical defect, mute an insensibility to speech brought about through deafness
  < the other was a wretch from infancy made dumb by poison — P.B.Shelley >
  < like the mute dwarfs which wait upon a naked Indian queen — Robert Browning >
  In reference to persons normally able to speak, dumb may suggest a quite short deprivation of ability to utter sounds
  < I was bewildered and dumb until Livilla gave me a good pinching, at which I burst into tears — Robert Graves >
  < he made despairing gestures with his hands, but still no words came from his mouth. He might have been struck dumb — W.S.Maugham >
  mute may be used when an inner compulsion to stay silent is suggested
  < but every man was mute for reverence — Alfred Tennyson >
  < as the conversation took fire, she hadn't so much as a chip to throw in. She sat mute — Sinclair Lewis >
  speechless, although it often has the same suggestions of dumb or mute, commonly indicates momentary loss of power to speak
  < overcome with speechless gratitude — William Wordsworth >
  < I can remember, across the years, standing there with that paper in my hand; dumb, speechless and probably tearful — W.A.White >
  inarticulate implies either lack of satisfactory speech functions or an inability to speak coherently, clearly, or purposefully
  < his jaws opened, and he muttered some inarticulate sounds — Mary W. Shelley >
  < but when Richard, inarticulate at first, in his haste, cried out: “My dear, dear father!” — George Meredith >
  < his rage was a madness. His lips were flecked with a soapy froth, and sometimes he choked and became inarticulate — Jack London >
  < as shyly inarticulate as a schoolgirl on this theme so vital to her — Rose Macaulay >
Synonym: see in addition stupid.
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
intransitive verb
: to become dumb or silent — used with up
transitive verb
: to make silent : deaden
 < the sight of the great assembly that dumbed the words in his mouth — Donn Byrne >
 < would lie around, dumbed by the drugs — Norman Mailer >
III. adjective
1. : not having the capability to process data
 < a dumb terminal >
— compare intelligent 1 herein
2. : being an unguided missile
 < dumb bombs >
— compare smart herein
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更新时间:2024/11/11 11:22:21