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单词 confusion
释义 con·fu·sion
\kənˈfyüzhən\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, from Old French, from Latin confusion-, confusio, from confusus + -ion-, -io -ion
1. : overthrow, defeat, ruin, destruction
 < the defeat and confusion of Carthage in the war with Rome >
 < confusion to such a tyrant king >
2.
 a. : a state of being discomfited, disconcerted, chagrined, or embarrassed especially at some blunder or check
  < his sister [was] overcome with confusion and unable to lift up her eyes — Jane Austen >
 b. : state of being confused mentally : lack of certainty, orderly thought, or power to distinguish, choose, or act decisively : perplexity
  < slowly emerging from the mental confusion which followed the fall — Havelock Ellis >
  < present intellectual confusion and moral chaos of the world — John Dewey >
3.
 a. : an act of confusing, of mixing, pouring, blending, or heaping together in disorder with identities and distinctions blended
  < the confusion of tongues at the tower of Babel >
  < a confusion of history and poetry in his work >
 b. : an act of mistaking one thing for another, of failing to note distinctions, and of falsely identifying
  < a formal confusion of poetry and painting — Irving Babbitt >
  < confusion between public and private morality — D.W.Brogan >
4. : a situation or condition marked by lack of order, system, arrangement : an unclear welter or muddle : an utter disorder
 < a luxuriant crop of very long hair which … got itself into great confusion — W.H.Hudson >
 < the confusion of hills typical of glacial regions — American Guide Series: Minnesota >
 < the dark confusion of German history — A.L.Guérard >
 < the long uncertainty and bloody confusion that attended the breakdown of the Roman Empire — Lewis Mumford >
5. law
 a. : a merging of two rights in one or of two apparently or really antagonistic interests in one
 b. : commixture 3
 c. Roman & civil law : extinction of an obligation by a person acquiring the right from which the obligation arose
Synonyms:
  : disarray, disorder, clutter, jumble, pi, snarl, muddle, chaos: confusion is a rather general term suggesting any mixing, blending, adding together that blurs identities and distinctions or any result of such mixing. disarray suggests a disarranging — a breaking away from order, sequence, form, or discipline
  < the disarray in which the Germans found themselves … following on the capitulation of their Italian ally — Times Literary Supplement >
  disorder indicates a want of order through wonted neglect of it or through some break or interruption in orderly processes or arrangements
  < our last chance to substitute order for disorder, government for anarchy — E.B.White >
  < standing between the older America and the new, with the foundations disintegrating under his feet, he confused the disorder in his own mind with the disorder in the external world — V.L.Parrington >
  clutter implies a confused litter of the miscellaneous and adventitious, impeding free activity or clear perception
  < what a mess this set is in! if there's one thing I hate … it's clutter — Edna St. V. Millay >
  < this essay clears one irrelevant topic from the clutter of symbolist criticism — Times Literary Supplement >
  jumble suggests a heaping together of many incongruous things so that free use, enjoyment, or perception of any individual item is made difficult
  < the ruptured ambulance convoy … a jumble of overturned wagons, spilled pungent powders — Irwin Shaw >
  < a vast jumble of incoherent erudition on which he drew for purely poetic effects — T.S.Eliot >
  pi, in this sense from printing, sometimes designates a confusion or disarrangement of small items hard to classify or order like miscellaneous type. snarl is likely to suggest a knotted entanglement hard to unravel, resolve, or sort out
  < parachute cords in a snarl >
  < a snarl of traffic at the bridge entrance >
  muddle suggests a litter or welter so extreme that making order is impossible and hence a situation marked by bungling, uncertainty, and feeble, dubious, ill-directed expediency
  < as … they all had to live in one small room and the kitchen, the place usually looked a muddle — Nigel Balchin >
  < the effort to make a distinction … produced such a muddle that it was dropped — G.B.Shaw >
  chaos suggests uttermost confusion, with no order, arrangement, regularity, sequence, or predictability; it may suggest primordial formlessness or complete disintegration
  < disorder to the point of chaos — B.N.Cardozo >
  < back not merely to the dark ages but from cosmos to chaos — B.M.Baruch >
  < such social chaos … as to make civilization impossible — Blanton Fortson >
Synonym: see in addition commotion.
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更新时间:2024/11/10 17:30:41