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单词 barbarian
释义 bar·bar·i·an
I. \(ˈ)bär|berēən, (ˈ)bȧ|-, -|ba(a)r-, -|bār-\ adjective
Etymology: Latin barbarus + English -ian — more at barbarous
1. : of or relating to a land, culture, or people alien and usually believed to be inferior to one's own
 < barbarian tribes massing on the borders of the Roman Empire >
 < the Chinese emperor received with civility a mission from the barbarian West >
2. : lacking refinement, gentleness, learning, or artistic or literary culture : marked by a tendency toward brutality, violence, or lawlessness but sometimes displaying a rough vigor or vitality
 < introduced me to his loud, boisterous, barbarian mother >
 < a barbarian race which possesses neither virtue nor humanity — R.L.Bruckberger >
3. : of or relating to a people or group in a stage of cultural development about midway between savagery and full civilization; also : of or relating to such a stage
Synonyms:
 barbaric, barbarous, savage: barbarian frequently applies to a state about midway between full civilization and tribal savagery
  < some barbarian peoples have brought their mores into true adjustment to their life conditions and have gone on for centuries without change — W.G.Sumner >
  barbaric and barbarous may also be used to express this notion
  < they had passed the barbaric stage when they invaded Chaldea. They knew the use of metals; they were skillful architects and … good engineers — Edward Clodd >
  < Caesar's short sketch of the Germans gives the impression of barbarous peoples … they had not yet reached the agricultural stage, but were devoted to war and hunting — H.O.Taylor >
  savage implies even less advancement
  < for savage or semicivilized men … authority is needed to restrain them from injuring themselves — C.W.Eliot >
  barbarous and savage are somewhat more common than barbaric and barbarian to indicate uncivilized cruelty, but all may be used
  < he required as a condition of peace that they should sacrifice their children to Baal no longer. But the barbarous custom was too inveterate — J.G.Frazer >
  < the King's greed passed into savage menace. He would hang all, he swore — man, woman, the very child at the breast — J.R.Green >
  < they had further traits and customs which are barbaric rather than specifically Teutonic: cruelty and faithlessness toward enemies, feuds, wergeld — H.O.Taylor >
  < for him those chambers held barbarian hordes, hyena foeman, and hot-blooded lords — John Keats >
  barbaric and barbarous are more common in relation to taste and refinement. barbaric connotes a wild, profuse lack of restraint
  < this audacious and barbaric profusion of words — chosen always for their color and their vividly expressive quality — Arthur Symons >
  < the march became rather splendid and barbaric. First rode Feisal in white, then Sharraf at his right in red headcloth and henna-dyed tunic and cloak, myself on his left in white and scarlet, behind us three banners of faded crimson silk with gilt spikes — T.E.Lawrence >
  barbarous implies an utter lack of cultivated taste and refinement
  < a race of unconscious spiritual helots. We shall become utterly barbarous and desolate — Ludwig Lewisohn >
  < but his deeply barbarous book may, in its very vulgarity of expression, be in advance of its time — Dorothy Thompson >
II. noun
(-s)
1. : one that is barbarian
 < a cultural conceit which divided the world into Greeks and barbarians — Frederick Bodmer >
 < he is … a barbarian in the arts of the table — Sinclair Lewis >
 < he would be a barbarian indeed who failed to appreciate exquisite flowers, rare lace, … and feminine charm — H.M.Parshley >
2. slang : an undergraduate not a member of a fraternity or sorority
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更新时间:2024/11/11 4:18:45