| 释义 |
background
I. \ˈ ̷ ̷ˌ ̷ ̷\ noun
Usage: often attributive
1.
a. : the ground, space, or its contents being or represented as being at the rear or behind the principal object or objects observed: as
(1) : the rear part of a stage or its contents (as painted scenery)
< as the curtain rises, a rustic festival is in progress in the background >
(2) : the space or ground and its contents shown in a pictorial representation as being at the rear of the principal figure or figures
< stands in a graceful pose against a background of peaceful stream and rolling hills >
b. : the surface upon or against which the principal figures or parts of a two-dimensional representation or pattern are seen
< a study of white flowers against a solid black background >
2. : a position away from that which holds the center of attention : an obscure, less prominent, or not readily noticed position or status
< the parents stayed in the background during the children's party >
< pushed into the background by the brilliance and glamor of his rival >
3.
a.
(1) : the natural, physical, or material conditions that form the setting within which something is viewed or experienced
< attractive private dwellings, all set in a background of tropical luxuriance — Tom Marvel >
< a hum of distant street noises made a gentle background to the strident tootings of the big … American cars — Mollie Panter-Downes >
(2) : an harmonic or rhythmic accompaniment to a melodic line played or sung
< a violin duet with a bare viola and cello harmonic background — Ralph Hill >
b.
(1) : the conditions, circumstances, ideas, or events that stand in an antecedent, causal, or intimate relation to any phenomenon or development : setting, milieu
< made an exhaustive study of the background of the Crimean War >
< the social and economic background of the Renaissance >
< police probed into the background of the murder >
(2) : factual and circumstantial information that is essential to full understanding of a particular problem or situation
< take along a good standard book on British history to give you some background on what you'll be seeing — Richard Joseph >
c.
(1) : the environmental conditions or circumstances especially of childhood and youth that form or contribute to the formation of an individual's character, personality, and cultural makeup
< Lincoln's pioneer background >
< a family background of wealth, leisure, and cultivated tastes >
< a German background on his mother's side >
(2) : the area or areas of past experience or concentration (as in training or employment)
< a background in sales promotion >
< a background in medieval history >
< a background of gold mining and prospecting for oil >
< has unusual backgrounds of study and experience in international affairs — F.L.Mott >
(3) : an individual's life history or past career
< investigated the background of the suspect >
< a background of success in all his varied enterprises >
4.
a. : intrusive often constant sound that confuses, distorts, or interferes with received or recorded electronic signals (as in radio reception or recording); also : adventitious flicks interfering with electronic instrument readings
b. : the more or less steady level of radiation or sound above which the effect (as radioactivity) being measured by an apparatus (as a Geiger counter) is detected
II. transitive verb
Etymology: background (I)
1. : to form a background to
< elms that have backgrounded memorable scenes in our history — Frank Thone >
2. : to provide with a background
< a richly backgrounded study of a silent movie star — Hollis Alpert >
III. noun
: a level of computer processing at which the processor uses time not required for a primary task to work on a less important task — compare foreground herein |