英语词汇“surprise”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词	surprise
释义	sur·prise I. noun also sur·prize \-īz\ (-s) Usage: often attributive Etymology: surprise from Middle English, from Middle French, from feminine of Old French surpris, past participle of surprendre to take over, from sur- + prendre to take, from Latin prehendere to seize, grasp; surprize alteration (influenced by prize) (V) of surprise — more at prehensile 1. a. (1) : the action of assailing unexpectedly or attacking without warning : the sudden attacking and capture of something (as a fort or body of troops) unprepared < a fortified camp … capable of resisting surprises — J.A.Froude > (2) : the action of coming upon unexpectedly or taking unawares — used especially in the phrase take by surprise b. : an instance of taking unawares c. obsolete : a sudden attack of illness or emotion 2. a. : something that surprises : an occasion for, a cause of, or a quality arousing astonishment : something (as an event) unexpected or astonishing < many of the psychologic surprises of the first flight are pleasant — H.G.Armstrong > < his development … was probably a surprise to himself — A.W.Long > < offering few intellectual surprises — Harry Levin > b. : a pie or other fancy dish with agreeably surprising contents 3. : the emotion excited by something sudden, unexpected, or contrary to expectation: a. archaic : terror, perplexity, or alarm caused by a sudden attack or calamity < pure surprise and fear made me to quit the house — Shakespeare > b. : astonishment, wonder < she never starts or shows surprise — Rose Macaulay > < the surprise which I felt on first learning of the award — E.C.Willatts > < gave a cry of delighted surprise — W.S.Maugham > 4. : the state of being mentally or emotionally surprised < in his surprise he dropped the book > II. transitive verb also surprize \“\ (-ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: surprise from Middle French, from Old French, feminine of surpris, past participle of surprendre; surprize alteration (influenced by prize) (V) of surprise 1. obsolete a. : to take hold of : affect strongly and suddenly : seize < all on a sudden miserable pain surpris'd thee — John Milton > < surprised with joy at the motion — Daniel Defoe > b. : to seize and hold in one's possession : captivate, overcome, overpower < power, like new wine, does your weak brain surprise — John Dryden > 2. a. : to attack unexpectedly and without warning : assail suddenly : make an unexpected assault upon < surprised the little garrison … and captured the arsenal — American Guide Series: Maryland > < at dawn the household was surprised by a sudden Indian attack — American Guide Series: New Hampshire > b. (1) : to take suddenly by storm : seize or capture by a sudden and unexpected attack (2) archaic : to take possession of by force : make captive : take prisoner : capture, seize 3. a. : to take unawares (as in an act or by an unexpected visit) : come upon abruptly or without warning : catch in the act < police surprised the burglars leaving the store > b. : to bring out or to light by a sudden and unexpected action : detect, uncover, or elicit by taking (as a person) unawares < surprised the secret of his murderous past through a stolen letter — Henri Peyre > < sometimes surprised a tragic shadow in her eyes — Willa Cather > 4. a. obsolete : to ensnare or implicate by something (as a sudden disclosure or proposal) that takes one unawares b. : to lead, impel, drive, or cause to do something or bring into some state in a sudden and unexpected way : lead on or betray into something not intended < his debate … had surprised him into attacking the authority of the Pope — Stringfellow Barr > < surprised into an indiscretion > 5. : to strike with wonder or amazement because unexpected or different from what has been anticipated : affect with an emotion (as astonishment, awe, shock, or unexpected pleasure, disgust, or delight) < the morning skies … surprised her daily as if they were uncommon things — Rebecca West > < his conduct surprised me > Synonyms: astonish, astound, amaze, flabbergast: surprise may indicate coming upon another suddenly and with startling effect; it may apply to any unexpected or unanticipated development bringing a degree of wonder < the enemy was surprised — Infantry Journal > < apt not only to be interested but also to be surprised by the experience life was holding in store for him — Joseph Conrad > astonish may indicate a surprising with the most unlikely, the unaccountable, or the incredible that virtually dazes one < in the fashion of the magician who astonishes twice, once with the trick and again with its secret — L.J.Halle > < a flight that will astonish the world — Francis Stuart > astound applies to the effect of what confounds, shocks, or stuns as unprecedented < the girl was astounded and alarmed by the altogether unknown expression in the woman's face — Joseph Conrad > < astounded his congregation by putting up for sale a mulatto slave girl — American Guide Series: New York City > amaze suggests astonished bewilderment or perplexity < it amazed her that this soft little creature could be thus firm — George Meredith > < nothing amazes these people more than to see a man, apparently sane, meekly submitting to outrageous extortion — Norman Douglas > flabbergast may suggest thorough astonishment and often bewilderment or dismay < his appointment flabbergasted those who knew his record >
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