| 释义 |
sur·face
I. \ˈsərfə̇s, ˈsə̄f-, ˈsəif-\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: French, from sur- + face, from Old French — more at face
1. : the exterior or outside of an object or body : the outermost or uppermost boundary : one or more of the faces of a three-dimensional thing : a plane of a solid
< the uneven surface of the earth >
< on the surface of the water >
< planks with a rough surface >
< the octagonal surfaces of a diamond >
2. : a two-dimensional locus of points : the boundary or portion of the boundary of a three-dimensional region
< a plane surface >
< a spherical surface >
3. : something held to resemble the surface of an object or body:
a. : the part of something that is presented to a viewer with little or no examination : the outward appearance or characteristics of something : the external aspect
< the surface of society >
< deep beneath the surface of the legal system — B.N.Cardozo >
b. : someone or something without depth : a mere outside : one that is superficial in nature
4. : a complete airfoil used for sustentation or control or to increase stability
5. : the condition of a railroad track marked by vertical evenness or smoothness over short distances
< the track is in surface >
6.
a. : printing surface
< autographic works printed from surfaces actually produced by the artist — Barnett Freedman >
< printing done from relief surfaces >
b. : stone 1b(11)
•
- on the surface
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
transitive verb
1. : to give a surface to: as
a. : to plane (as lumber) or make smooth
b. : to apply the surface layer to
< the towers are surfaced with steel plates — American Guide Series: New York City >
< surface a highway >
c. : to finish (as furniture or a marble slab) especially by polishing or varnishing
d. : to give a usually specified surface to
< walls surfaced with cream stucco — American Guide Series: North Carolina >
2. : to bring to the surface
< two wells … surface more than 6,000 gallons of water a minute — Gaston Burridge >
intransitive verb
1. : to work on or at the surface — used especially of a gold digger who works the ground superficially or a tracklayer who brings the top of the rail to a true grade line
2. : to come or rise to the surface (as of the water)
< a submarine surfaced outside the harbor >
< a subway downtown, the line surfaces after three miles — A.H.Brown >
< the truth began to surface — Robert Jackson >
III. adjective
1.
a. : of, located on, or designed for use at the surface of something
< designing surface instruments for the detection of oil deposits — W.J.Reilly >
< surface forces >
< surface vessels >
< surface runoff of water >
b. : situated on the surface of the earth rather than in the air or underground
< surface transportation >
< surface communications >
c.
(1) : of or relating to surface mail
< surface postage >
(2) : handled as surface mail
< surface parcel post >
2. : acting upon or against a surface
< a surface grinder >
3. : working at or near the surface
< surface mining >
: worked at or near the surface
< surface mines >
4.
a. : appearing on the surface only : lacking depth
< accurate surface realism — R.A.Cordell >
< improvements in surface conditions but not in fundamental weaknesses >
b. : superficial
< surface friendships > |