| 释义 |
spill
I. \ˈspil\ verb
(spilled \-ld, -lt\ ; also spilt \-lt\ ; spilled also spilt ; spilling ; spills)
Etymology: Middle English spillen, from Old English spillan; akin to Middle Dutch spillen to waste, squander, spouden, spalden to split, Middle Low German spalden, Old High German spaltan to split, Old Norse spjald, speld square tablet, Gothic spilda tablet, Latin spolium arms or armor stripped from an enemy, Greek sphallein to cause to fall, Sanskrit sphaṭati it bursts; basic meaning: to split
transitive verb
1. archaic
a. : kill, destroy
< bade her command my life to save or spill — Edmund Spenser >
b. : to use or spend wastefully : waste, squander
c. : to make useless : ruin, spoil
2. : to cause (blood) to be lost by wounding
< rushed into battle eager to spill their enemies' blood >
3. : to cause or allow to pour, splash, or fall out (as over the edge of a container) and be wasted, lost, or scattered
< fill your wine cup exactly full with a single toss of the bottle and without spilling a drop — Lafcadio Hearn >
< dropped the bag and spilled sugar all over the floor >
< felt of it and spilled the cool tea on the brick floor and filled the bowl again — Pearl Buck >
< 2,000 plastic balloons spilled out 2,000,000 leaflets — Time >
4.
a. : to relieve (a sail) from the pressure of the wind so that it can be more easily reefed or furled or to avoid capsizing or carrying away something
b. : to relieve the pressure of (wind) on a sail by coming about or by adjusting it with lines
5. : to cause to fall from one's place (as on a horse or in a vehicle) : throw off, out, or down
< a bucking horse that spilled everyone who tried to ride it >
6. : to give forth in an overflowing manner : pour freely
< a mockingbird … was spilling his wild song over the moonlit woods — Rebecca Caudill >
7. : to let out (secret information) : divulge
< would double-cross me and spill some of the things I had told him — Polly Adler >
intransitive verb
1. obsolete
a.
(1) : to cause death or destruction
(2) : perish, die
b. : deteriorate, spoil
2.
a. : to flow, run, or fall out, over, or off with waste, loss, or scattering as the result
< don't shake the table or the coffee will spill >
< light spilled out through the windows — Frances & Richard Lockridge >
b. : to cause or allow something to spill : waste a substance by letting it pour or fall out
< ate his ice cream, careful not to spill on his new clothes >
3.
a. : to spread beyond bounds
< more than 1000 persons had filled the main ballroom and spilled over into adjacent parlors — Newsweek >
< they allow their private thoughts to spill over into public statements — Norman Cousins >
b. : to come, go, or pass with a turbulent rush : pour in an unrestrained, profuse, or disorderly manner : tumble
< wave after wave of shouting crowds spilled into … streets — Time >
< the shelves of plays, pamphlets, preface, novels, and critical works which … spilled from his pen — John Mason Brown >
c. : to extend downward in precipitous or profuse disorder : descend as if overflowing
< the town spills down a hillside and spreads into a valley — W.R.Moore >
< great swags of lilac and laburnum spill over ancient, weathered walls — advt >
d. : to be full to overflowing
< the sidewalks … were soon spilling over with workers — Facts about Trailer Coaches >
4. : to tell secrets : betray confidences
< would spill in spite of the gang's threats >
5. : to fall from one's place (as on a horse or in a vehicle) : fall off, out, or down
< saw the motorcycle skid and the driver spill in the dust >
•
- spill the beans
II. noun
(-s)
1.
a. : an act or instance of spilling
< an undirected spill of population into the suburban areas — Lewis Mumford >
specifically : a fall from a place (as on a horse or in a vehicle) or an erect position (as in skiing)
< failing to clear the jump, horse and rider took a nasty spill >
< broke his leg skiing when he took a spill at a turn >
b. : an abrupt decline in price
< stocks spurted most of the day then took a sharp spill in the late trading — New Orleans (La.) Times-Picayune >
2.
a. : a quantity spilled
< fetch a cloth to mop up the spill — Agnes M. Miall >
b. or spill light : light that escapes from a concentration of theatrical or photographic light (as a spotlight cone) and produces illumination where it is not wanted
3. : spillway
III. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English spille, spyll; probably akin to Middle Dutch spile stake, peg — more at spile
1. : a bit of wood split off : splinter
2. : a slender piece of anything: as
a. : a metallic rod or pin on which something turns
b.
(1) : a small roll or twist of paper or slip of wood used for lighting lamps, pipes, fires
(2) : a paper sheath into which the tobacco is pushed in making a cigarette
(3) : a roll or cone of paper serving as a container (as for a bunch of flowers)
c. : a peg or pin for plugging a hole (as in a cask) : spile
3. : a scale-filled crack or seam in an ingot; especially : a lap due to careless rolling
4. : a metal disk on a wooden rod used to remove matzoth from the oven
IV. noun
(-s)
Etymology: perhaps from spill (I)
archaic : a small sum of money : gratuity |