| 释义 |
heat
I. \ˈhēt, usu -ēd.+V\ verb
(heated \ˈhēd.ə̇d, -ētə̇d\ ; also dialect het \ˈhet, usu -ed.+V\ ; heated also dialect het ; heating ; heats)
Etymology: Middle English heten, from Old English hǣtan; akin to Old High German heizen to heat, Middle Dutch heten, Old Norse heita; causative-denominatives from the root of English hot
intransitive verb
1.
a. : to become warm or hot : rise in temperature
< water heating in a large kettle >
< the room slowly heated >
b. : to become hot and spoil due to excessive or abnormal respiratory or fermentative activity
< grain containing excessive moisture may heat seriously in the bin >
2. : to become excited, moved, or inflamed in mind or spirit
< cannot see injustice without heating >
transitive verb
1. : to make warm or hot : raise the temperature of
< heat the oven to 350 degrees >
< water heated by the sun >
2. : to arouse the emotion or spirit of : excite, move, or inflame usually intensely or to a course of action
< his arrogance heats me beyond enduring >
< these stirring words heated us all >
3. : to make (as the human body) feverish or excessively hot
< wine heats the blood >
< he was heated by the long dry climb >
4. obsolete : to run over (ground) : cover (ground) in or as if in a race
II. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English hete, from Old English hǣte, hǣtu; akin to Old Frisian hēte heat, Old High German heizi; derivatives from the root of English hot
1.
a. : the state of a body or of matter that is perceived as opposed to cold and is characterized by elevation of temperature : a condition of being hot : warmth, hotness
< the iron lost its heat in contact with the cold ground >
usually : a marked or notable degree of this state : high temperature
< the heat was intense >
< you'll need a good heat to burn that damp rubbish >
< midsummer heat >
< a heat of 500 degrees >
b.
(1) : a feverish state of the body : pathological excessive bodily temperature (as from inflammation)
< knew the throbbing heat of an abscess >
< sponged him with alcohol to relieve the heat of the fever >
(2) : a warm flushed condition of the body (as after exercise) : a sensation produced by or like that produced by contact with or approach to heated matter
< felt the heat rise in her face as she returned his look >
c. : a hot place or situation (as a fire)
< the legendary salamander dallying at the heart of the heat >
< out in the heat all afternoon long >
< dormant flies coming out into the heat >
d.
(1) : a period of heat or of exposure to heat
< requires a heat of several hours to get out all the moisture >
< had an unbroken heat since the first of June >
(2) : a single complete operation of heating (as at a forge or in a furnace); also : the quantity of material so heated
e.
(1) : a form of energy the addition of which causes substances to rise in temperature, fuse, evaporate, expand, or undergo any of various other related changes, which flows to a body by contact with or radiation from bodies at higher temperatures, and which can be produced in a body (as by compression)
(2) : the energy associated with the random motions of the molecules, atoms, or smaller structural units of which matter is composed
f. : an indication of temperature attained as manifested by the condition, appearance, or color of a body
< when the rod is at the proper welding heat >
— compare red heat
g. : one of a series of discrete rates or intensities of heating
< an electric iron may have three heats >
2.
a. : intensity of feeling or reaction (as in fury, vehemence, or agitation of mind)
< answered with considerable heat >
< such a heat of eloquence flowed forth >
b. : the height or stress of an action or condition
< in the heat of battle >
< during the first heat of the epidemic >
c.
(1) : sexual excitement especially in a female mammal : estrus : a state in which a female will accept service by a male — usually used with in or into or, especially Brit., with on
< ewes come on heat soon after flushing >
< like a bitch in heat >
(2) : the time or duration of heat : an episode of heat
< a mare is most likely to settle during the foal heat that occurs two or three weeks after parturition >
3. : one of the fundamental qualities of bodies, elements, or humors recognized in medieval physiology
4. : pungency of flavor
< cherry peppers have greater heat than most >
< the tangy heat of crystallized ginger >
5. : a vigorous or violent unintermitted action : a single continuous effort
< set down the outline of his paper at a single heat >
as
a.
(1) : a single course in a race or other contest that consists of two or more courses for all contestants
< won two heats out of three >
(2) : one of several preliminary races held to eliminate less competent contenders from the final race when contestants are too numerous to compete at once
< swam in the second heat and won, but lost out in the final race >
b. : a field trial event in which two dogs compete directly with each other and usually by comparison with other braces competing in the field trial
c.
(1) slang : the intensification of law-enforcement activity or investigational pressure usually with special concern for a particular kind of crime or criminal
< the bookies are out of business till the heat is off >
(2) : pressure or coercion intended to influence a course of action or events
< taxpayers got relief by turning the heat on their congressmen >
(3) : strain, tension, or difficulty resulting from the pressure of events
< weaken when the heat is on >
6.
a. : a charge of metal made in a Bessemer converter or the steel scrap, pig, or molten iron, limestone, and fluxes in the open-hearth or electric furnace
b. : the resulting molten steel
c. : the ingots charged into the soaking pits or the blooms charged into the reheating furnace
III. noun
1. slang : police
2. : baseball pitches that are extremely hard and fast
3. slang : gun |