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单词 habit
释义 habit
I. \ˈhabə̇t, usu -ə̇d.+V\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English habit, abit, from Old French, from Latin habitus condition, appearance, attire, character, disposition, habit, from habēre to have, hold — more at give
1. archaic
 a. : clothing, apparel
  < costly thy habit as thy purse can buy — Shakespeare >
  : mode of dress
  < in the vile habit of a village slave — Alexander Pope >
 b. : a garment or a suit of clothes : outfit
2.
 a. : a costume indicative or characteristic of a calling, rank, or function
  < monk's habit >
 b. : riding habit
3. : bearing, conduct, behavior — used especially in Scots law in the phrase habit and repute
 < marriage by habit and repute >
4.
 a. : bodily appearance or makeup : physical type : physique
  < his corpulent habit of body, natural both to the vigor of his type and to a sedentary way of life — Osbert Sitwell >
 b. obsolete : the body as a physiological organism : the system of bodily processes
 c. obsolete : the body's surface
5. : the prevailing disposition or character of a person's thoughts and feelings : mental makeup
 < where he has gone to indulge a contemplative habit — L.J.Halle >
 < a whole habit of sensibility — F.R.Leavis >
6.
 a. of a person : a settled tendency of behavior or normal manner of procedure : custom, practice, way
  < contributed letters to the newspapers — a habit that became a lifelong one — B.J.Hendrick >
  < the local habit of building in perishable materials — Bernard Newman >
 b. of a thing : a usual manner of occurrence or behavior : tendency
  < black clouds there have a habit of sitting right on the water — Ira Wolfert >
  < paste has a habit of going hard and lumpy once opened >
7.
 a. : a behavior pattern acquired by frequent repetition or developed as a physiologic function and showing itself in regularity
  < the daily bowel habit >
  or increased facility of performance or in a decreased power of resistance
  < a drug habit >
 b. : an acquired or developed mode of behavior or function that has become nearly or completely involuntary
  < put the keys back in his pocket through force of habit >
8. of an organism : characteristic mode of growth or occurrence
 < elms have a spreading habit >
 < a grass ubiquitous in its habit >
9. : the characteristic crystalline size and form of a substance
10. archaic : close acquaintance : familiarity
 < he inclines to a sort of disgust … with the system and he has few … habits with any of its professors — Edmund Burke >
11. : a generic entity occurring as an external or supernatural reality or force constitutive of or acting on an individual
12. : addiction 2a
 < was forced to steal to feed his drug habit >
Synonyms:
 habitude, practice, usage, custom, use, wont: these all have in common the sense of a way of behaving that has become more or less fixed; in most cases they have the sense of such a way considered collectively or in the abstract. habit, usually applying to individuals, signifies a way of acting or thinking done frequently enough to have become unconscious or unpremeditated in each repetition or to have become compulsive
  < the habit of dawdling on the way to school >
  < a persistent habit of coughing >
  < habits of mind >
  < speech habits >
  habitude usually suggests habitual or usual state of mind or attitude
  < you who are so sincere with me are never quite sincere with others. You have contracted this bad habitude from your custom of addressing the people — W.S.Landor >
  < a confusion of assertions, viewpoints, personal motives and prejudices, and local habitudes can serve only to darken counsel — Yale Review >
  practice suggests an act, often habitual, repeated with regularity and usually by choice
  < the team made a practice of leaving their scenarios unfinished until actual production — Current Biography >
  < promised the people that he would establish democratic practicesCollier's Year Book >
  < the practice of supplementing poultry and hog feeds with antibiotics — Americana Annual >
  < the practice of self-examination — Anne Fremantle >
  usage suggests more a customary action, a practice followed so generally that it has become a social norm
  < an unwritten constitution comprising ancient British conventions and usageAmericana Annual >
  < earn a living in a business community without yielding to its usages — W.H.Hamilton >
  < better versed in diplomatic usage than any of his colleagues — F.A.Ogg & Harold Zink >
  custom can apply to habit, practice, or usage that has become public and associated with an individual or group because of its long continuance, its uniformity, and often, its morally compulsive quality
  < it is the Arabian custom to date, if possible, the birth of sons by unusual events — Current Biography >
  < in contemporary society it is not a fashion that men wear trousers; it is the custom — Edward Sapir >
  < the custom — and this is all that it can be properly called — according to which Congress and the President tacitly agree to abide by the interpretation of the Court — M.R.Cohen >
  use, rare in current speech, signifies a customary act or practice more or less distinctive of an individual or particular group
  < the polite uses of society >
  < the religious use and wont of the country people >
  wont applies to a habitual or customary manner, method, or practice distinguishing an individual or group; it differs from use only in extending to manner
  < intended to come oftener to church than had been his wont of late — William Black >
  < this nice balance between sovereignty and liberty is maintained by use and wont — V.L.Parrington >
  < a people living by wont in a natural atmosphere of suspicion and mistrust, and consumed by fantasies — V.S.Pritchett >
Synonym: see in addition physique.
II. transitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
: clothe, dress
 < the nature of such pedantry to habit itself in a harsh and crabbed style — R.M.Weaver >
III. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English habiten to dwell, reside, from Middle French habiter, from Latin habitare to have possession of, inhabit, dwell, abide, from habitus, past participle of habēre to have, hold — more at give
intransitive verb
obsolete : live, abide
transitive verb
1. archaic : inhabit
2. archaic : accustom, habituate
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更新时间:2024/11/11 4:18:23