| 单词 | complex body part |
| 释义 | complex body part (extremely rare) n WORD FAMILY complex body part n a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing Syn|Hypo|Hyper anatomical structure, bodily structure, body structure, structure layer thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells apodemeridge-like ingrowth of the exoskeleton of an arthropod that supports internal organs and provides attachment points for muscles caliculus, calycle, calyculusa small cup-shaped structure (as a taste bud or optic cup or cavity of a coral containing a polyp) toothtoothlike structure in invertebrates found in the mouth or alimentary canal or on a shell padthe fleshy cushion-like underside of an animal's foot or of a human's finger branchial cleft, gill cleft, gill slitone of a series of slit openings in the pharynxes of fishes and aquatic amphibians through which water passes branchial arch, gill arch, gill barone of the bony or cartilaginous arches on each side of the pharynx that support the gills of fishes and aquatic amphibians peristomeregion around the mouth in various invertebrates syrinxthe vocal organ of a bird bulba rounded dilation or expansion in a canal or vessel or organ carinaany of various keel-shaped structures or ridges such as that on the breastbone of a bird or that formed by the fused petals of a pea blossom caudaany taillike structure chiasm, chiasma, decussationan intersection or crossing of two tracts in the form of the letter X cingulum(anatomy) an encircling structure (as the ridge around the base of a tooth) concha(anatomy) a structure that resembles a shell in shape filament, filuma threadlike structure (as a chainlike series of cells) germa small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism infundibulumany of various funnel-shaped parts of the body (but especially the hypophyseal stalk) intersticea small structural space between tissues or parts of an organ landmarkan anatomical structure used as a point of origin in locating other anatomical structures (as in surgery) or as point from which measurements can be taken limbusa border or edge of any of various body parts distinguished by color or structure riba riblike supporting or strengthening part of an animal or plant bladea broad flat body part (as of the shoulder or tongue) radicle(anatomy) a small structure resembling a rootlet (such as a fibril of a nerve) plexus, retea network of intersecting blood vessels or intersecting nerves or intersecting lymph vessels tube, tube-shaped structure(anatomy) any hollow cylindrical body structure passage, passagewaya path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass fundus(anatomy) the base of a hollow organ or that part of the organ farthest from its opening funiculusany of several body structure resembling a cord headthat part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves bodily cavity, cavity, cavum(anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body root, tooth rootthe part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support capsulea structure that encloses a body part uveathe part of the eye that contains the iris and ciliary body and choroid lens nucleus, nucleusthe central structure of the lens that is surrounded by the cortex membranous labyrinththe sensory structures of the inner ear including the labyrinthine receptors and the cochlea; contained within the bony labyrinth bony labyrinth, osseous labyrinthcavity in the petrous part of the temporal bone that contains the membranous labyrinth glansa small rounded structure; especially that at the end of the penis or clitoris alveolar bedlung tissue densely packed with alveoli valvea structure in a hollow organ (like the heart) with a flap to insure one-way flow of fluid through it vascular structurea structure composed of or provided with blood vessels lacrimal apparatusthe structures that secrete and drain tears from the eye cytoskeletona microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence nucleolar organiser, nucleolar organizer, nucleolus organiser, nucleolus organizerthe particular part of a chromosome that is associated with a nucleolus after nuclear division centromere, kinetochorea specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape asterstar-shaped structure formed in the cytoplasm of a cell having fibers like rays that surround the centrosome during mitosis neural structurea structure that is part of the nervous system fold, plicaa folded part (as in skin or muscle) convolution, gyrusa convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain cartilaginous structurebody structure given shape by cartilage balla more or less rounded anatomical body or mass plateany flat platelike body structure or part horny structure, unguisany rigid body structure composed primarily of keratin skeletal structureany structure created by the skeleton of an organism costaa riblike part of a plant or animal (such as a middle rib of a leaf or a thickened vein of an insect wing) headthe rounded end of a bone that fits into a rounded cavity in another bone to form a joint bridgethe hard ridge that forms the upper part of the nose rotator cuffa supporting structure of the shoulder consisting of the muscles and tendons that attach the arm to the shoulder joint and enable the arm to move cornu(anatomy) any structure that resembles a horn in shape corona(anatomy) any structure that resembles a crown in shape receptora cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response zona, zone(anatomy) any encircling or beltlike structure blastocele, blastocoel, blastocoele, cleavage cavity, segmentation cavitythe fluid-filled cavity inside a blastula blastoderm, blastodisc, germinal area, germinal disca layer of cells on the inside of the blastula archenteroncentral cavity of the gastrula; becomes the intestinal or digestive cavity hypodermislayer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle in e.g. arthropods vane, webthe flattened weblike part of a feather consisting of a series of barbs on either side of the shaft operculuma hard flap serving as a cover for (a) the gill slits in fishes or (b) the opening of the shell in certain gastropods when the body is retracted combciliated comb-like swimming plate of a ctenophore hoofthe horny covering of the end of the foot in ungulate mammals eyecup, optic cup(embryology) a two-walled cuplike depression that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina denticlesmall pointed ridge on the exoskeleton of an arthropod clawsharp curved horny process on the toe of a bird or some mammals or reptiles calamus, quill, shaftthe hollow spine of a feather nervure, veinone of the horny ribs that stiffen and support the wing of an insect birth canala passage in the uterus and vagina through which a fetus passes during vaginal birth carina fornicisridge on the lower surface of the fornix of the brain corpus mamillare, mamillary body, mammillary bodyone of two small round structures on the undersurface of the brain that form the terminals of the anterior arches of the fornix keelthe median ridge on the breastbone of birds that fly chiasma opticum, optic chiasm, optic chiasmathe crossing of the optic nerves from the two eyes at the base of the brain nasal conchaone of several turbinate bones in the nasal cavity craniometric pointa landmark on the skull from which craniometric measurements can be taken aortic plexusa plexus of lymph nodes in the lower portion of the abdominal aorta nerve plexusa network of intersecting nerves tubulea small tube salpinxa tube in the uterus or the ear malpighian body, malpighian corpuscle, renal corpusclethe capsule that contains Bowman's capsule and a glomerulus at the expanded end of a nephron meatusa natural body passageway opening, orifice, portaan aperture or hole that opens into a bodily cavity canal, channel, duct, epithelial ducta bodily passage or tube lined with epithelial cells and conveying a secretion or other substance sinusany of various air-filled cavities especially in the bones of the skull sinusoidtiny endothelium-lined passages for blood in the tissue of an organ locule, loculusa small cavity or space within an organ or in a plant or animal lumena cavity or passage in a tubular organ hair, pilusany of the cylindrical filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal carpal tunnela passageway in the wrist through which nerves and the flexor muscles of the hands pass socketa bony hollow into which a structure fits pulp cavitythe central cavity of a tooth containing the pulp (including the root canal) cranial orbit, eye socket, orbit, orbital cavitythe bony cavity in the skull containing the eyeball ganglionan encapsulated neural structure consisting of a collection of cell bodies or neurons epiglottisa flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing buccal cavitythe cavity between the jaws and the cheeks antruma natural cavity or hollow in a bone cloaca(zoology) the cavity (in birds, reptiles, amphibians, most fish, and monotremes but not mammals) at the end of the digestive tract into which the intestinal, genital, and urinary tracts open vestibuleany of various bodily cavities leading to another cavity (as of the ear or vagina) root canalthe passage in the root of a tooth through which its nerve and blood vessels enter the pulp cavity pulpthe soft inner part of a tooth epicanthic fold, epicanthusa vertical fold of skin over the nasal canthus; normal for Mongolian peoples; sometimes occurs in Down's syndrome eyeball, orbthe ball-shaped capsule containing the vertebrate eye auricle, ear, pinnathe externally visible cartilaginous structure of the external ear tragusa small cartilaginous flap in front of the external opening of the ear mediastinumthe part of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that contains the heart and aorta and esophagus and trachea and thymus middle ear, tympanic cavity, tympanumthe main cavity of the ear; between the eardrum and the inner ear lens capsulea tenuous mesoblastic membrane surrounding the lens of the eye cochleathe snail-shaped tube (in the inner ear coiled around the modiolus) where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses by the organ of Corti glans clitoridissmall mass of erectile tissue at the end of the body of the clitoris glans penisthe conical mass of erectile tissue that forms the head of the penis pleural cavitythe cavity in the thorax that contains the lungs and heart chamberan enclosed volume in the body cranial cavity, intracranial cavitythe cavity enclosed by the cranium cardiac valve, heart valvea valve to control one-way flow of blood valvelet, valvula, valvulea small valve vas, vessela tube in which a body fluid circulates amniotic cavitythe fluid-filled cavity that surrounds the developing embryo greater peritoneal sac, peritoneal cavitythe interior of the peritoneum; a potential space between layers of the peritoneum bursa omentalis, lesser peritoneal cavity, omental bursaan isolated part of the peritoneal cavity that is dorsal to the stomach pericardial cavity, pericardial spacethe space between the layers of the pericardium that contains fluid that lubricates the membrane surfaces and allows easy heart movement vacuolea tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell reflex arcthe neural path of a reflex center, centre, nerve center, nerve centrea cluster of nerve cells governing a specific bodily process cerebral hemisphere, hemisphereeither half of the cerebrum piriform area, piriform lobe, pyriform area, pyriform lobepear-shaped neural structure on either side of the brain in the rhinencephalon olfactory bulbone of two enlargements at the terminus of the olfactory nerve at the base of the brain just above the nasal cavities brain, encephalonthat part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord neencephalon, neoencephalonthe part of the brain having the most recent phylogenetic origin; the cerebral cortex and related parts palaeencephalon, paleencephalon, paleoencephalonthe more primitive parts of the brain phylogenetically; most structures other than the cerebral cortex hypophyseal stalkthe funnel-shaped stalk connecting the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus cerebelluma major division of the vertebrate brain; situated above the medulla oblongata and beneath the cerebrum in humans cerebellar hemisphereeither of two lateral lobes of the cerebellum vermis, vermis cerebellithe narrow central part of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres paleocerebellumthe anterior lobe of the cerebellum which was one of the earliest parts of the hindbrain to develop in mammals cerebral cortex, cerebral mantle, cortex, palliumthe layer of unmyelinated neurons (the grey matter) forming the cortex of the cerebrum geniculate bodyone of four small oval masses that protrude slightly from the underside of the thalamus and function as synaptic centers on the way to the cerebral cortex frontal gyrusany of the convolutions of the outer surface of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum temporal gyrusany of the convolutions of the outer surface of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum parietal gyrusany of the convolutions of the outer surface of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum occipital gyrusany of the convolutions of the outer surface of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum cerebrumanterior portion of the brain consisting of two hemispheres; dominant part of the brain in humans central gyruseither of two gyri on either side of the central sulcus bulb, medulla, medulla oblongatalower or hindmost part of the brain; continuous with spinal cord; (`bulb' is an old term for medulla oblongata) forebrain, prosencephalonthe anterior portion of the brain; the part of the brain that develops from the anterior part of the neural tube hippocampusa complex neural structure (shaped like a sea horse) consisting of grey matter and located on the floor of each lateral ventricle; intimately involved in motivation and emotion as part of the limbic system; has a central role in the formation of memories cingulate gyrus, gyrus cingulia long curved structure on the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres; the cortical part of the limbic system telencephalonthe anterior division of the forebrain; the cerebrum and related parts of the hypothalamus betweenbrain, diencephalon, interbrain, thalmencephalonthe posterior division of the forebrain; connects the cerebral hemispheres with the mesencephalon limbic brain, limbic system, visceral braina system of functionally related neural structures in the brain that are involved in emotional behavior subthalamusthe ventral part of the thalamus thalamuslarge egg-shaped structures of grey matter that form the dorsal subdivision of the diencephalon hypothalamusa basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system mesencephalon, midbrainthe middle portion of the brain locus niger, nucleus niger, substantia nigraa layer of deeply pigmented grey matter in the midbrain; associated with the striate body; is involved in metabolic disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease and with Huntington's disease hindbrain, rhombencephalonthe posterior portion of the brain including cerebellum and brainstem myelencephalonthe posterior part of the hindbrain in developing vertebrates; forms the medulla oblongata in adults pons, pons Varoliia band of nerve fibers linking the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with the midbrain brain stem, brain-stem, brainstemthe part of the brain continuous with the spinal cord and comprising the medulla oblongata and pons and midbrain and parts of the hypothalamus nucleusany histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord ventricleone of four connected cavities in the brain; is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord and contains cerebrospinal fluid radiationa radial arrangement of nerve fibers connecting different parts of the brain medulla spinalis, spinal corda major part of the central nervous system which conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses to and from the brain; a long tubelike structure extending from the base of the brain through the vertebral canal to the upper lumbar region ANS, autonomic nervous systemthe part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands choroid plexus, plexus choroideusa vascular plexus of the cerebral ventricles that regulate intraventricular pressure lumbar plexus, plexus lumbalisa lymphatic plexus located along the lower portion of the aorta and iliac vessels pterygoid plexusa plexus of veins draining the region of the pterygoid muscles and draining into the internal maxillary and anterior facial veins saca structure resembling a bag in an animal uterine cavitythe space inside the uterus between the cervical canal and the Fallopian tubes umbilical, umbilical cordmembranous duct connecting the fetus with the placenta placentathe vascular structure in the uterus of most mammals providing oxygen and nutrients for and transferring wastes from the developing fetus rete testisnetwork of tubules carrying sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia spermatic corda structure resembling a cord that suspends the testis within the scrotum and contains the vas deferens and other vessels and nerves nasal cavityeither of the two cavities lying between the floor of the cranium and the roof of the mouth and extending from the face to the pharynx nasopharynxcavity forming the upper part of the pharynx oropharynxcavity formed by the pharynx at the back of the mouth laryngopharynxthe lower part of the pharynx larynx, voice boxa cartilaginous structure at the top of the trachea; contains elastic vocal cords that are the source of the vocal tone in speech plica vocalis, vocal band, vocal cord, vocal foldeither of two pairs of folds of mucous membrane projecting into the larynx esophagus, gorge, gullet, oesophagusthe passage between the pharynx and the stomach epicardiathe short part of the esophagus extending downward from the diaphragm to the stomach blind gut, caecum, cecumthe cavity in which the large intestine begins and into which the ileum opens ileocecal valvevalve between the ileum of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine; prevents material from flowing back from the large to the small intestine frill(paleontology) a bony plate that curves upward behind the skull of many ceratopsian dinosaurs faucesthe passage between the back of the mouth and the pharynx fistula, sinusan abnormal passage leading from a suppurating cavity to the body surface shunta passage by which a bodily fluid (especially blood) is diverted from one channel to another tubular cavitya cavity having the shape of a tube armpit, axilla, axillary cavity, axillary fossathe hollow under the arm where it is joined to the shoulder chest cavity, thoracic cavitythe cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart rib cagethe bony enclosing wall of the chest areolasmall space in a tissue or body part such as the area between veins on a leaf or an insect's wing abdomen, abdominal cavitythe cavity containing the major viscera; in mammals it is separated from the thorax by the diaphragm archa curved bony structure supporting or enclosing organs (especially the inner sides of the feet) heelthe back part of the human foot girdlean encircling or ringlike structure laminaa thin plate or layer (especially of bone or mineral) nailhorny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits columnany tubular or pillar-like supporting structure in the body appendicular skeletonthe part of the skeleton that includes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle and the upper and lower limbs axial skeletonthe part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs back, backbone, rachis, spinal column, spine, vertebral columnthe series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord costal cartilagethe cartilages that connect the sternum and the ends of the ribs; its elasticity allows the chest to move in respiration metacarpusthe part of the hand between the carpus and phalanges metatarsusthe skeleton of the human foot between the toes and the tarsus; the corresponding part of the foot in birds or of the hind foot in quadrupeds tarsusthe part of the foot of a vertebrate between the metatarsus and the leg; in human beings the bones of the ankle and heel collectively pelvis, renal pelvisa structure shaped like a funnel in the outlet of the kidney into which urine is discharged before passing into the ureter pelvic cavitythe space bounded by the bones of the pelvis and containing the pelvic viscera celom, celoma, coeloma cavity in the mesoderm of an embryo that gives rise in humans to the pleural cavity and pericardial cavity and peritoneal cavity ruga(anatomy) a fold or wrinkle or crease tentorium(anatomy) a fold of dura mater that covers the cerebellum and supports the occipital lobes of the cerebrum zona pellucidathick membrane around the mammalian ovum; can be penetrated by one sperm in the fertilization process; usually remains around the fertilized egg until it is implanted in the wall of the uterus alpha receptor, alpha-adrenergic receptor, alpha-adrenoceptorreceptors postulated to exist on nerve cell membranes of the sympathetic nervous system in order to explain the specificity of certain agents that affect only some sympathetic activities (such as vasoconstriction and relaxation of intestinal muscles and contraction of smooth muscles) beta receptor, beta-adrenergic receptor, beta-adrenoceptorreceptors postulated to exist on nerve cell membranes of the sympathetic nervous system in order to explain the specificity of certain agents that affect only some sympathetic activities (such as vasodilation and increased heart beat) zonula, zonulesmall beltlike zone fossa, pita concavity in a surface (especially an anatomical depression) body part any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity |
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