| 单词 | natural action |
| 释义 | natural action (once / 43938 pages) n WORD FAMILY natural action: natural actions USAGE EXAMPLESLet’s be clear, though: Microsoft making hardware is not a natural action. BusinessWeek(Jun 19, 2012) To prevent or restrain from customary or natural action; as, certain drugs bind the bowels. Webster, Noah, Webster's Unabridged Dictionary—(2n...(2012) Being supposed to be a natural action like walking, no attempt is made to teach it. Thomson, Basil, The Fijians—A Study of the Decay of...(2011) n a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) Syn|Hypo|Hyper action, activity, natural process radiation the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats absorption(physics) the process in which incident radiated energy is retained without reflection or transmission on passing through a medium acidificationthe process of becoming acid or being converted into an acid adiabatic process(thermodynamics) any process that occurs without gain or loss of heat aerationthe process of exposing to air (so as to purify) antiredepositionthe process of preventing redeposition captureany process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particle capturea process whereby a star or planet holds an object in its gravitational field centrifugationthe process of separating substances of different densities by the use of a centrifuge chemical action, chemical change, chemical process(chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved chromatographya process used for separating mixtures by virtue of differences in absorbency concretionthe formation of stonelike objects within a body organ (e.g., the kidneys) condensationthe process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid or solid state convection(meteorology) the vertical movement of heat or other properties by massive motion within the atmosphere clotting, coagulation, curdlingthe process of forming semisolid lumps in a liquid decaythe process of gradually becoming inferior demagnetisation, demagnetizationthe process of removing magnetization desorptionchanging from an adsorbed state on a surface to a gaseous or liquid state diffusion(physics) the process in which there is movement of a substance from an area of high concentration of that substance to an area of lower concentration disintegration, dissolutionseparation into component parts distillation, distillmentthe process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors driftthe gradual departure from an intended course due to external influences (as a ship or plane) effervescencethe process of bubbling as gas escapes cataphoresis, dielectrolysis, electrophoresis, ionophoresisthe motion of charged particles in a colloid under the influence of an electric field; particles with a positive charge go to the cathode and negative to the anode ecesis, establishment(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat extinctionthe reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence of absorption and radiation extractionthe process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means feedbackthe process in which part of the output of a system is returned to its input in order to regulate its further output filtrationthe process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering medium flocculationthe process of flocculating; forming woolly cloudlike aggregations flowany uninterrupted stream or discharge formationnatural process that causes something to form fossilisation, fossilizationthe process of fossilizing a plant or animal that existed in some earlier age; the process of being turned to stone geologic process, geological process(geology) a natural process whereby geological features are modified curing, hardening, set, solidification, solidifyingthe process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization inactivationthe process of rendering inactive ion exchangea process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble (usually resinous) solid; widely used in industrial processing ionisation, ionizationthe process of ionizing; the formation of ions by separating atoms or molecules or radicals or by adding or subtracting electrons from atoms by strong electric fields in a gas leach, leachingthe process of leaching magnetic induction, magnetisation, magnetizationthe process that makes a substance magnetic (temporarily or permanently) materialisation, materializationthe process of coming into being; becoming reality nuclear reaction(physics) a process that alters the energy or structure or composition of atomic nuclei opacificationthe process of becoming cloudy or opaque oscillationthe process of oscillating between states oxygenationthe process of providing or combining or treating with oxygen pair creation, pair formation, pair productionthe transformation of a gamma-ray photon into an electron and a positron when the photon passes close to an atomic nucleus phase change, phase transition, physical change, state changea change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition precession of the equinoxesa slow westward shift of the equinoxes along the plane of the ecliptic caused by precession of the Earth's axis of rotation releasea process that liberates or discharges something saltation(geology) the leaping movement of sand or soil particles as they are transported in a fluid medium over an uneven surface scatteringthe physical process in which particles are deflected haphazardly as a result of collisions sericultureraising silkworms in order to obtain raw silk sink(technology) a process that acts to absorb or remove energy or a substance from a system soak, soakage, soakingthe process of becoming softened and saturated as a consequence of being immersed in water (or other liquid) softeningthe process of becoming softer sorptionthe process in which one substance takes up or holds another (by either absorption or adsorption) source(technology) a process by which energy or a substance enters a system rigidification, rigidifying, stiffeningthe process of becoming stiff or rigid stimulation(physiology) the effect of a stimulus (on nerves or organs etc.) ecological succession, succession(ecology) the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established natural selection, selection, survival, survival of the fittesta natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment synergism, synergythe working together of two things (muscles or drugs for example) to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects temperature changea process whereby the degree of hotness of a body (or medium) changes transductionthe process whereby a transducer accepts energy in one form and gives back related energy in a different form transpirationthe passage of gases through fine tubes because of differences in pressure or temperature vitrificationthe process of becoming vitreous heat sinka metal conductor specially designed to conduct (and radiate) heat adaptive radiationthe development of many different forms from an originally homogeneous group of organisms as they fill different ecological niches airstream, backwash, race, slipstream, washthe flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller turbulent flowflow in which the velocity at any point varies erratically streamline flowflow of a gas or liquid in which the velocity at any point is relatively steady absorption, soaking up(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid activationstimulation of activity in an organism or chemical acylationthe process of introducing an acyl group into a compound adsorption, surface assimilationthe accumulation of molecules of a gas to form a thin film on the surface of a solid advection(meteorology) the horizontal transfer of heat or other atmospheric properties agglutinating activity, agglutinationthe coalescing of small particles that are suspended in solution; these larger masses are then (usually) precipitated alluviongradual formation of new land, by recession of the sea or deposit of sediment amylolysisconversion of starch to sugar association(chemistry) any process of combination (especially in solution) that depends on relatively weak chemical bonding blood clotting, blood coagulationa process in which liquid blood is changed into a semisolid mass (a blood clot) blueing, bluinga process that makes something blue (or bluish) calcificationa process that impregnates something with calcium (or calcium salts) catalysis, contact actionacceleration of a chemical reaction induced the presence of material that is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction caries, cavity, dental caries, tooth decaysoft decayed area in a tooth; progressive decay can lead to the death of a tooth chain reactiona self-sustaining nuclear reaction; a series of nuclear fissions in which neutrons released by splitting one atom leads to the splitting of others chelationthe process of forming a ring by forming one or more hydrogen bonds chemical reaction, reaction(chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others chlorinationthe addition or substitution of chlorine in organic compounds cleavagethe breaking of a chemical bond in a molecule resulting in smaller molecules climate change, global climate changea change in the world's climate column chromatographychromatography that uses selective adsorption by a column of powders congealment, congelationthe process of congealing; solidification by (or as if by) freezing convectionthe transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion chilling, cooling, temperature reductionthe process of becoming cooler; a falling temperature corroding, corrosion, erosionerosion by chemical action corruptiondecay of matter (as by rot or oxidation) crackingthe process whereby heavy molecules of naphtha or petroleum are broken down into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight (especially in the oil-refining process) deamination, deaminizationremoval of the amino radical from an amino acid or other amino compound decalcificationloss of calcium from bones or teeth decarboxylationthe process of removing a carboxyl group from a chemical compound (usually replacing it with hydrogen) decay, disintegration, radioactive decaythe spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation decoction(pharmacology) the extraction of water-soluble drug substances by boiling decomposition, putrefaction, rot, rotting(biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action degaussingthe process of making a (steel) ship's hull nonmagnetic by producing an opposing magnetic field dehydration, desiccation, drying up, evaporationthe process of extracting moisture de-iodinationthe removal of iodine atoms from organic compounds demineralisation, demineralizationthe removal of minerals and mineral salts from a liquid (especially from water) desalination, desalinisation, desalinizationthe removal of salt (especially from sea water) desertificationthe gradual transformation of habitable land into desert; is usually caused by climate change or by destructive use of the land diastrophismthe process of deformation that produces continents and ocean basins in the earth's crust digestionthe process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat dilapidation, ruinthe process of becoming dilapidated dissociation(chemistry) the temporary or reversible process in which a molecule or ion is broken down into smaller molecules or ions elutionthe process of extracting one material from another by washing with a solvent to remove adsorbed material from an adsorbent (as in washing of loaded ion-exchange resins to remove captured ions); used to obtain uranium ions emissionthe release of electrons from parent atoms endoergic reactiona nuclear reaction occurring with absorption of energy eating away, eroding, erosion, wearing, wearing away(geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it) exoergic reactiona nuclear reaction accompanied by the evolution of energy fibrinolysisa normal ongoing process that dissolves fibrin and results in the removal of small blood clots fillingflow into something (as a container) fission, nuclear fissiona nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy flowagegradual internal motion or deformation of a solid body (as by heat) fold, foldinga geological process that causes a bend in a stratum of rock freeze, freezingthe withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid fusion, nuclear fusion, nuclear fusion reactiona nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy galvanisation, galvanizationstimulation with a galvanic current gasificationthe process of changing into gas gassingthe process of interacting with gas glaciationthe process of covering the earth with glaciers or masses of ice heating, warmingthe process of becoming warmer; a rising temperature hydrogenationa chemical process that adds hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated oil immunoelectrophoresiselectrophoresis to separate antigens and antibodies encrustation, incrustationthe formation of a crust inflow, influxthe process of flowing in infusionthe process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water) intrusionthe forcing of molten rock into fissures or between strata of an earlier rock formation intumescence, intumescency, swellingthe increase in volume of certain substances when they are heated (often accompanied by release of water) inversiona chemical process in which the direction of optical rotation of a substance is reversed from dextrorotatory to levorotary or vice versa iodinationthe substitution or addition of iodine atoms in organic compounds leeway(of a ship or plane) sideways drift libration(astronomy) a real or apparent slow oscillation of a moon or satellite liquefactionthe conversion of a solid or a gas into a liquid lysis(biochemistry) dissolution or destruction of cells such as blood cells or bacteria macerationsoftening due to soaking or steeping chemical mechanism, mechanismthe atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction metamorphismchange in the structure of rock by natural agencies such as pressure or heat or introduction of new chemical substances microphoningthe transduction of sound waves into electrical waves (by a microphone) beneficiation, mineral dressing, mineral extraction, mineral processing, ore dressing, ore processingcrushing and separating ore into valuable substances or waste by any of a variety of techniques negative feedbackfeedback in opposite phase with (decreasing) the input nitrificationthe chemical process in which a nitro group is added to an organic compound (or substituted for another group in an organic compound) orogenythe process of mountain formation (especially by the upward displacement of the earth's crust) osmosis(biology, chemistry) diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal effluence, efflux, outflowthe process of flowing out paper chromatographychromatography that uses selective adsorption on a strip of paper carrier electrophoresis, paper electrophoresiselectrophoresis carried out on filter paper peptisation, peptizationthe process of converting to a sol; bringing to a colloidal solution infiltration, percolationthe slow passage of a liquid through a filtering medium permeation, pervasion, suffusionthe process of permeating or infusing something with a substance petrifaction, petrificationthe process of turning some plant material into stone by infiltration with water carrying mineral particles without changing the original shape photosynthesissynthesis of compounds with the aid of radiant energy (especially in plants) polymerisation, polymerizationa chemical process that combines several monomers to form a polymer or polymeric compound positive feedback, regenerationfeedback in phase with (augmenting) the input potentiation(medicine) the synergistic effect of two drugs given simultaneously precipitationthe process of forming a chemical precipitate proteolysisthe hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds pyrochemical process, pyrochemistryprocesses for chemical reactions at high temperatures reticulation(photography) the formation of a network of cracks or wrinkles in a photographic emulsion rigor mortismuscular stiffening that begins 2 to 4 hours after death and lasts for about 4 days sequestrationthe action of forming a chelate or other stable compound with an ion or atom or molecule so that it is no longer available for reactions originthe source of something's existence or from which it derives or is derived spallation(physics) a nuclear reaction in which a bombarded nucleus breaks up into many particles spoilage, spoilingthe process of becoming spoiled stratificationforming or depositing in layers subductiona geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced sideways and downward into the mantle below another plate synaeresis, syneresisthe separation of liquid from a gel that is caused by contraction (as in cheese making) synthesisthe process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds) melt, melting, thaw, thawingthe process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid thermocoagulationcongealing tissue by heat (as by electric current) transaminationthe process of transfering an amino group from one compound to another transaminationthe process of transposing an amino group within a chemical compound transportan exchange of molecules (and their kinetic energy and momentum) across the boundary between adjacent layers of a fluid or across cell membranes ultracentrifugationcentrifugation at very high speeds evaporation, vapor, vaporisation, vaporization, vapourthe process of becoming a vapor ferment, fermentation, fermenting, zymolysis, zymosisa process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol physical process, process a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states |
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