In order to show how this might possibly be done, let us recall the hypothetical Leibnizian universe of Lecture III.

The significance of the Spinozist and Leibnizian systems of thought, though regarding existence from such diverse standpoints, was, for practical purposes the same.

Spinoza is no incurable optimist, no Leibnizian Pangloss who believes this is, for man, the best of all possible worlds.