| 单词 | physiological state |
| 释义 | physiological state (once / 311035 pages) n WORD FAMILY physiological state: physiological states USAGE EXAMPLESFear is not a mood like happiness or sadness, nor is it a lasting physiological state like anxiety. Salon(Nov 06, 2016) They were designed for adults, and adults have very different physiological states than adolescents. Slate(Jun 13, 2016) In fact, in some sense, its primary purpose is to keep the body in a favorable physiological state for survival. National Geographic(Aug 26, 2015) n the condition or state of the body or bodily functions Syn|Hypo|Hyper physical condition, physiological condition wakefulness a periodic state during which you are conscious and aware of the world bloodinessthe state of being bloody incompatibility(immunology) the degree to which the body's immune system will try to reject foreign material (as transfused blood or transplanted tissue) acathexiaan inability to retain bodily secretions angiotelectasiadilation and enlargement of arterioles torpidity, torpora state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility agalactia, agalactosisa condition in which milk is not secreted in the mother's breasts after her child has been delivered anaesthesia, anesthesialoss of bodily sensation with or without loss of consciousness anhidrosis, anhydrosisfailure of the sweat glands arousala state of heightened physiological activity sleep, slumbera natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended sleep, sopora torpid state resembling deep sleep drivea physiological state corresponding to a strong need or desire elastosisbreakdown of elastic tissue (as the loss of elasticity in the skin of elderly people that results from degeneration of connective tissue) flatulence, flatulency, gasa state of excessive gas in the alimentary canal flection, flexion, flexurethe state of being flexed (as of a joint) estrus, heat, oestrus, rutapplies to nonhuman mammals: a state or period of heightened sexual arousal and activity anestrum, anestrus, anoestrum, anoestrusapplies to nonhuman mammals: a state or interval of sexual inactivity between two periods of estrus hypercapnia, hypercarbiathe physical condition of having the presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood acapnia, hypocapniaa state in which the level of carbon dioxide in the blood is lower than normal; can result from deep or rapid breathing asphyxiaa condition in which insufficient or no oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged on a ventilatory basis; caused by choking or drowning or electric shock or poison gas oxygen debta cumulative deficit of oxygen resulting from intense exercise; the deficit must be made up when the body returns to rest hyperthermia, hyperthermyabnormally high body temperature; sometimes induced (as in treating some forms of cancer) normothermianormal body temperature hypothermiasubnormal body temperature muscularitythe physiological state of having or consisting of muscle myastheniaany muscular weakness infertility, sterilitythe state of being unable to produce offspring; in a woman it is an inability to conceive; in a man it is an inability to impregnate false pregnancy, pseudocyesisphysiological state in which a woman exhibits symptoms of pregnancy but is not pregnant gestation, maternity, pregnancythe state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus rigor mortistemporary stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity occurring after death vitalisation, vitalizationthe state of being vitalized and filled with life good health, healthinessthe state of being vigorous and free from bodily or mental disease fecundity, fertilitythe state of being fertile; capable of producing offspring potence, potencythe state of being potent; a male's capacity to have sexual intercourse pathological statea physical condition that is caused by disease disorder, upseta physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning cellularitythe state of having cells addiction, dependance, dependence, dependency, habituationbeing abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs) suspended animationa temporary cessation of vital functions with loss of consciousness resembling death; usually resulting from asphyxia cryptobiosisa state in which an animal's metabolic activities come to a reversible standstill dilatation, distension, distentionthe state of being stretched beyond normal dimensions emmetropia(ophthalmology) the normal refractive condition of the eye in which there is clear focus of light on the retina sedationa state of reduced excitement or anxiety that is induced by the administrative of a sedative agent hyperpigmentationunusual darkening of the skin hypopigmentationunusual lack of skin color amyxiaa condition in which no mucus in produced cold sweatthe physical condition of concurrent perspiration and chill; associated with fear abnormalcy, abnormalityan abnormal physical condition resulting from defective genes or developmental deficiencies blockage, obstructionthe physical condition of blocking or filling a passage with an obstruction intoxication, poisoning, toxic conditionthe physiological state produced by a poison or other toxic substance analgesiaabsence of the sense of pain without loss of consciousness oligospermiainsufficient spermatozoa in the semen arousalawakening from sleep vigila period of sleeplessness sleepingthe state of being asleep immunological disordera disorder of the immune system histoincompatibilityincompatibility in which one person's tissue cannot be transplanted to another person Rh incompatibilityincompatibility of Rh blood types; a transfusion of Rh-positive blood given to a Rh-negative person (or vice versa) can result in hemolysis and anemia hibernationthe torpid or resting state in which some animals pass the winter lassitude, lethargy, sluggishnessa state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness) acardiacongenital absence of the heart (as in the development of some monsters) acephalia, acephalism, acephalyabsence of the head (as in the development of some monsters) acoreaabsence of the pupil in an eye acromicria, acromikriaabnormally small extremities (underdeveloped fingers and toes) acromphalusabnormal protrusion of the navel; sometimes the start of umbilical hernia amastiaabsence of the mammary glands (either through surgery or developmental defect) aneuploidyan abnormality involving a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (one chromosome set is incomplete) anorchia, anorchidism, anorchismabsence of one of both testes NREM, NREM sleep, nonrapid eye movement, nonrapid eye movement sleep, orthodox sleepa recurring sleep state during which rapid eye movements do not occur and dreaming does not occur; accounts for about 75% of normal sleep time REM, REM sleep, paradoxical sleep, rapid eye movement, rapid eye movement sleepa recurring sleep state during which dreaming occurs; a state of rapidly shifting eye movements during sleep shuteyeinformal term for sleep cryoanaesthesia, cryoanesthesiainsensibility resulting from cold general anaesthesia, general anesthesiaa state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs (as for a major surgical operation) local anaesthesia, local anesthesialoss of sensation in a small area of the body (as when a local anesthetic is injected for a tooth extraction) block anaesthesia, block anesthesia, conduction anaesthesia, conduction anesthesia, nerve block anaesthesia, nerve block anesthesiaanesthesia of an area supplied by a nerve; produced by an anesthetic agent applied to the nerve regional anaesthesia, regional anesthesialoss of sensation in a region of the body produced by application of an anesthetic agent to all the nerves supplying that region (as when an epidural anesthetic is administered to the pelvic region during childbirth) topical anaesthesia, topical anesthesialoss of sensation confined to the skin or mucous surfaces (as when benzocaine or Lidocaine is applied to the surface) alerting, alertnessa state of readiness to respond emotional arousalthe arousal of strong emotions and emotional behavior excitation, innervation, irritationthe neural or electrical arousal of an organ or muscle or gland sexual arousalthe arousal of sexual desires in preparation for sexual behavior diestrum, diestrus(of animals having several estrous cycles in one breeding season) a state or interval of sexual inactivity or quiescence between periods of activity desiresomething that is desired hunger, hungrinessa physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation thirst, thirstinessa physiological need to drink sex drivea physiological need for sexual activity hypoxiaoxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiency impotence, impotencyan inability (usually of the male animal) to copulate barrennessthe state (usually of a woman) of having no children or being unable to have children cacogenesisinability to produce hybrids that are both viable and fertile dysgenesisinfertility between hybrids troublean unwanted pregnancy gravidation, gravidity, gravidnesstechnical terms for pregnancy gravidathe number of the pregnancy that a woman is in para, parity(obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered eccyesis, ectopic gestation, ectopic pregnancy, extrauterine gestation, extrauterine pregnancy, metacyesispregnancy resulting from gestation elsewhere than in the uterus entopic pregnancypregnancy resulting from normal gestation in the uterus placenta previapregnancy in which the placenta is implanted in the lower part of the uterus (instead of the upper part); can cause bleeding late in pregnancy; delivery by cesarean section may be necessary asynclitism, obliquitythe presentation during labor of the head of the fetus at an abnormal angle atresiaan abnormal condition in which a normal opening or tube in the body (as the urethra) is closed or absent haleness, wholenessa state of robust good health energy, vim, vitalitya healthy capacity for vigorous activity bloom, blush, flush, rosinessa rosy color (especially in the cheeks) taken as a sign of good health freshness, glowan alert and refreshed state radiancean attractive combination of good health and happiness sturdinessthe state of being vigorous and robust health problem, ill health, unhealthinessa state in which you are unable to function normally and without pain functional disorderdisorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified organic disorderdisorder caused by a detectable physiological or structural change in an organ abocclusionthe condition in which the upper teeth do not touch the lower teeth when biting abruptio placentaea disorder of pregnancy in which the placenta prematurely separates from the wall of the uterus achlorhydriaan abnormal deficiency or absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice; often associated with severe anemias and cancer of the stomach acholia, cholestasisa condition in which little or no bile is secreted or the flow of bile into the digestive tract is obstructed achylia, achylia gastricaabsence of gastric juices (partial or complete) acute brain disorder, acute organic brain syndromeany disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection) ailment, complaint, illan often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining eating disordera disorder of the normal eating routine bladder disordera disorder of the urinary bladder cardiovascular diseasea disease of the heart or blood vessels celiac diseasea disorder in children and adults; inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten); symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation; often accompanied by lactose intolerance cheilosis, perlechea disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin chokinga condition caused by blocking the airways to the lungs (as with food or swelling of the larynx) colpoxerosisa condition in which the vagina is unusually dry degenerative disordercondition leading to progressive loss of function dysaphiaa disorder in the sense of touch dysosmia, olfactory impairment, parosamiaa disorder in the sense of smell dysphagiacondition in which swallowing is difficult or painful dysuriapainful or difficult urination failureloss of ability to function normally fantodsan ill-defined state of irritability and distress adenosis, gland disease, glandular disease, glandular disordera disorder of the glands of the body hyperactivitya condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement impacted tooth, impactiona disorder in which a tooth is so crowded in its socket that it cannot erupt normally impactiona disorder in which feces are impacted in the lower colon learning disability, learning disordera disorder found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties in learning specific skills malocclusion(dentistry) a condition in which the opposing teeth do not mesh normally hypercellularitythe state of having abnormally many cells hypocellularitythe state of having abnormally few cells anabiosissuspended animation in organisms during periods of extreme drought from which they revive when moisture returns tympanitesdistension of the abdomen that is caused by the accumulation of gas in the intestines or the peritoneal cavity ectasia, ectasisdilatation or distension of a hollow organ drug addiction, white plaguean addiction to a drug (especially a narcotic drug) idiopathic disease, idiopathic disorder, idiopathyany disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause disturbance, folie, mental disorder, mental disturbance, psychological disorder(psychiatry) a psychological disorder of thought or emotion; a more neutral term than mental illness metabolic disordera disorder or defect of metabolism nervous disorder, neurological disease, neurological disordera disorder of the nervous system brachydactylia, brachydactylyabnormal shortness of fingers and toes cryptorchidism, cryptorchidy, cryptorchismfailure of one or both testes to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops deviated septumabnormal displacement of any wall that separates two chambers (usually in the nasal cavity) dextrocardiaabnormal condition where the heart is located toward the right side of the chest ectrodactylycongenital abnormality involving the absence of some fingers or toes erethisman abnormally high degree of irritability or sensitivity to stimulation of an organ or body part fetal distress, foetal distressan abnormal condition of a fetus; usually discovered during pregnancy and characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm hepatomegaly, megalohepatiaabnormal enlargement of the liver inversionabnormal condition in which an organ is turned inward or inside out (as when the upper part of the uterus is pulled into the cervical canal after childbirth) heterotaxy, transpositionany abnormal position of the organs of the body pneumothoraxabnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung; may be spontaneous (due to injury to the chest) or induced (as a treatment for tuberculosis) albinismthe congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair macrencephalyan abnormally large braincase hydatid mole, hydatidiform mole, molar pregnancyan abnormality during pregnancy; chorionic villi around the fetus degenerate and form clusters of fluid-filled sacs; usually associated with the death of the fetus hydramniosan abnormality of pregnancy; accumulation of excess amniotic fluid hydroceledisorder in which serous fluid accumulates in a body sac (especially in the scrotum) hypervitaminosisan abnormal condition resulting from taking vitamins excessively; can be serious for vitamins A or D or K hypospadiasan abnormal condition in males in which the urethra opens on the under surface of the penis lagophthalmosabnormal condition in which an eye cannot close completely mental abnormalityany abnormality of mental function nanophthalmoscondition in which both eyes are abnormally small but otherwise normal burn, sunburn, suntan, tana browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun sleep disordera disturbance of the normal sleep pattern strangulationthe condition of having respiration stopped by compression of the air passage haematocolpometra, hematocolpometraaccumulation of blood in the vagina and uterus haematocolpos, hematocolposaccumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina (usually due to an imperforate hymen) palmaturean abnormality in which the fingers are webbed hyperpyrexiaextremely high fever (especially in children) dysplasiaabnormal development (of organs or cells) or an abnormal structure resulting from such growth defect of speech, speech defect, speech disordera disorder of oral speech psilosis, sprue, tropical spruea chronic disorder that occurs in tropical and non-tropical forms and in both children and adults; nutrients are not absorbed; symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation hydrocephalus, hydrocephalyan abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain; in infants it can cause abnormally rapid growth of the head and bulging fontanelles and a small face; in adults the symptoms are primarily neurological abrachiathe condition of having no arms progeriaa rare abnormality marked by premature aging (grey hair and wrinkled skin and stooped posture) in a child atypicality, untypicalityany state that is not typical arrested development, fixation, infantile fixation, regressionan abnormal state in which development has stopped prematurely aberrance, aberrancy, aberration, deviancea state or condition markedly different from the norm cyclopiaa developmental abnormality in which there is only one eye spinal curvaturean abnormal curvature of the vertebral column subnormalitythe state of being less than normal (especially with respect to intelligence) anomalousness, anomalydeviation from the normal or common order or form or rule gynecomastiaexcessive development of the breasts in males; usually the result of hormonal imbalance or treatment with certain drugs (including some antihypertensives) infantilisman abnormal condition in which an older child or adult retains infantile characteristics ileus, intestinal obstructionblockage of the intestine (especially the ileum) that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing to the lower bowel tamponade, tamponageblockage or closure (as of a wound or body cavity) by (or as if by) a tampon (especially to stop bleeding) macrocephaly, megacephaly, megalocephalyan abnormally large head; differs from hydrocephalus because there is no increased intracranial pressure and the overgrowth is symmetrical microbrachiaabnormally small arms microcephalus, microcephaly, nanocephalyan abnormally small head and underdeveloped brain pachycheiliaan abnormal thickness of the lips phimosisan abnormal tightness of the foreskin preventing retraction over the glans alkali poisoningpoisoning resulting from the ingestion of an alkali compound (as lye or ammonia) caffeine intoxication, caffeinismpoisoning resulting from excessive intake of caffeine containing products carbon monoxide poisoninga toxic condition that results from inhaling and absorbing carbon monoxide gas cyanide poisoningpoisoning due to ingesting or inhaling cyanide; common in smoke from fires and in industrial chemicals ergotismpoisoning by ingestion of ergot-infected grain products; characterized by thirst and diarrhea and nausea and cramping and vomiting and abnormal cardiac rhythms; in severe cases it can cause seizures and gangrene of the limbs mercury poisoninga toxic condition caused by ingesting or inhaling mercury; acute mercury poisoning causes a metallic taste and vomiting and diarrhea and kidney problems that may lead to death naphthalene poisoningtoxic condition resulting from inhaling or ingesting naphthalene nicotine poisoningtoxic condition caused by the ingestion or inhalation of large amounts of nicotine ophidismpoisoning by snake venom paraquat poisoningpoisoning caused by ingestion of paraquat; characterized by progressive damage to the esophagus and liver and kidneys pesticide poisoningtoxic condition resulting from ingesting or inhaling a pesticide salicylate poisoningpoisoning caused by the excessive ingestion of salicylates (usually aspirin) irritation(pathology) abnormal sensitivity to stimulation retroflection, retroflexion, retroversiona turning or tilting backward of an organ or body part condition, shapethe state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape') sequelaany abnormality following or resulting from a disease or injury or treatment squint, strabismusabnormal alignment of one or both eyes torticollis, wryneckan unnatural condition in which the head leans to one side because the neck muscles on that side are contracted varicoceledilatation of the veins associated with the spermatic cord in the testes varixabnormally enlarged or twisted blood vessel or lymphatic vessel condition, status a state at a particular time |
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