| 单词 | principle |
| 释义 | principle (once / 51 pages) n A principle is a kind of rule, belief, or idea that guides you. You can also say a good, ethical person has a lot of principles. In general, a principle is some kind of basic truth that helps you with your life. "Be fair" is a principle that guides (or should guide) most people and businesses. A politician who tries to do the right thing rather than win votes is acting on principle. A person who has principles is a good, decent person. On the other hand, if you say someone has no principles, that means they're dishonest, corrupt, or evil. WORD FAMILYprinciple: principles USAGE EXAMPLES“Cuba will not abandon a single one of its principles ... not its independence and not its sovereignty,” she said. Reuters(Jan 02, 2017) But it would be a titanic fight, some Republican senators would defect on principle, and Mr. Trump would almost certainly lose. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) Movements are born in the moments when abstract principles become concrete concerns. The New Yorker(Dec 31, 2016) 1n a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct their principles of composition characterized all their works Syn|Hypo|Hyper rule pillar a fundamental principle or practice yangthe bright positive masculine principle in Chinese dualistic cosmology yinthe dark negative feminine principle in Chinese dualistic cosmology feng shuirules in Chinese philosophy that govern spatial arrangement and orientation in relation to patterns of yin and yang and the flow of energy (qi); the favorable or unfavorable effects are taken into consideration in designing and siting buildings and graves and furniture pillar of Islam(Islam) one of the five religious obligations accepted by all Muslims generalisation, generality, generalization an idea or conclusion having general application 2n a basic truth or law or assumption the principles of democracy Hypo|Hyper dictate a guiding principle basic principle, basics, bedrock, fundamental principle, fundamentalsprinciples from which other truths can be derived logicthe principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation pleasure principle, pleasure-pain principle, pleasure-unpleasure principle(psychoanalysis) the governing principle of the id; the principle that an infant seeks gratification and fails to distinguish fantasy from reality reality principle(psychoanalysis) the governing principle of the ego; the principle that as a child grows it becomes aware of the real environment and the need to accommodate to it insurrectionismthe principle of revolt against constituted authority conservation(physics) the maintenance of a certain quantities unchanged during chemical reactions or physical transformations Taothe ultimate principle of the universe ABC, ABC's, ABCs, alphabet, first principle, first rudiment, rudimentthe elementary stages of any subject (usually plural) conservation of charge, conservation of electricitythe principle that the total electric charge of a system remains constant despite changes inside the system conservation of energy, first law of thermodynamics, law of conservation of energythe fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes conservation of mass, conservation of matter, law of conservation of mass, law of conservation of mattera fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system conservation of momentumthe principle that the total linear momentum in a closed system is constant and is not affected by processes occurring inside the system conservation of parity, mirror symmetry, parity, space-reflection symmetry(physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system law, natural law a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society 3n a rule or standard especially of good behavior a man of principle he will not violate his principles Hypo|Hyper accounting principle, accounting standard a principle that governs current accounting practice and that is used as a reference to determine the appropriate treatment of complex transactions chivalry, knightlinessthe medieval principles governing knighthood and knightly conduct ethic, moral principle, value orientation, value-systemthe principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group Hellenismthe principles and ideals associated with classical Greek civilization judicial doctrine, judicial principle, legal principle(law) a principle underlying the formulation of jurisprudence scruplean ethical or moral principle that inhibits action Chartismthe principles of a body of 19th century English reformers who advocated better social and economic conditions for working people jus sanguinisthe principle that a person's nationality at birth is the same as that of his natural parents jus solithe principle that a person's nationality at birth is determined by the place of birth pre-emption, preemptionthe judicial principle asserting the supremacy of federal over state legislation on the same subject relation, relation back(law) the principle that an act done at a later time is deemed by law to have occurred at an earlier time value an ideal accepted by some individual or group 4n rule of personal conduct Syn|Hypo|Hyper precept higher law a principle that takes precedent over the laws of society moral principlethe principle that conduct should be moral hypothetical imperativea principle stating the action required to attain a desired goal caveat emptora commercial principle that without a warranty the buyer takes upon himself the risk of quality categorical imperativethe moral principle that behavior should be determined by duty prescript, rule prescribed guide for conduct or action 5n a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system the principle of the conservation of mass the principle of jet propulsion Syn|Hypo|Hyper rule Gestalt law of organization, Gestalt principle of organization a principle of Gestalt psychology that identifies factors leading to particular forms of perceptual organization Le Chatelier principle, Le Chatelier's law, Le Chatelier's principle, Le Chatelier-Braun principlethe principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change Gresham's Law(economics) the principle that when two kinds of money having the same denominational value are in circulation the intrinsically more valuable money will be hoarded and the money of lower intrinsic value will circulate more freely until the intrinsically more valuable money is driven out of circulation; bad money drives out good; credited to Sir Thomas Gresham mass-energy equivalence(physics) the principle that a measured quantity of mass is equivalent (according to relativity theory) to a measured quantity of energy Naegele's rulerule for calculating an expected delivery date; subtract three months from the first day of the last menstrual period and add seven days to that date Occam's Razor, Ockham's Razor, law of parsimony, principle of parsimonythe principle that entities should not be multiplied needlessly; the simplest of two competing theories is to be preferred principle of equivalence(physics) the principle that an observer has no way of distinguishing whether his laboratory is in a uniform gravitational field or is in an accelerated frame of reference principle of liquid displacement(hydrostatics) the volume of a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the volume of the displaced fluid Huygens' principle of superposition, principle of superpositionthe displacement of any point due to the superposition of wave systems is equal to the sum of the displacements of the individual waves at that point principle of superposition, superposition, superposition principle(geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest mass action, mass-action principle(neurology) the principle that the cortex of the brain operates as a coordinated system with large masses of neural tissue involved in all complex functioning localisation, localisation of function, localisation principle, localization, localization of function, localization principle(physiology) the principle that specific functions have relatively circumscribed locations in some particular part or organ of the body lateralisation, laterality, lateralizationlocalization of function on either the right or left sides of the brain closure, law of closurea Gestalt principle of organization holding that there is an innate tendency to perceive incomplete objects as complete and to close or fill gaps and to perceive asymmetric stimuli as symmetric common fate, law of common fatea Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit continuation, good continuation, law of continuationa Gestalt principle of organization holding that there is an innate tendency to perceive a line as continuing its established direction law of proximity, proximitya Gestalt principle of organization holding that (other things being equal) objects or events that are near to one another (in space or time) are perceived as belonging together as a unit law of similarity, similaritya Gestalt principle of organization holding that (other things being equal) parts of a stimulus field that are similar to each other tend to be perceived as belonging together as a unit law, law of nature a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature 6n (law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature) the principles of internal-combustion engines Syn|Hypo|Hyper rationale dialectics a rationale for dialectical materialism based on change through the conflict of opposing forces explanation thought that makes something comprehensible |
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