| 单词 | virus |
| 释义 | virus (once / 872 pages) n Whether in the human body or on a computer, a virus is a disease-causing agent. If you come down with a nasty stomach virus, be sure to drink lots of water, get lots of rest, and stay near the toilet. Virus comes from a Latin word that was spelled the same way. It specifically referred to the poisonous sap of certain plants, which explains why it sounds similar to viscous, a word meaning "sticky." Nowadays, it’s used to describe something that causes infectious diseases, specifically a tiny, self-replicating agent made up of genetic material and protein. WORD FAMILYvirus: viruses, virusoid USAGE EXAMPLES“It was exhausting because I walked,” recalled the mother, from Lesotho, where almost 23% of the population live with the virus. The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017) He needed intravenous fluids to combat a virus early in the week. Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016) Fourth on the list are 43 percent who described the spread of the Zika virus as important. Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016) 1n (virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein Hypo|Hyper arborvirus, arbovirus a large heterogeneous group of RNA viruses divisible into groups on the basis of the virions; they have been recovered from arthropods, bats, and rodents; most are borne by arthropods; they are linked by the epidemiologic concept of transmission between vertebrate hosts by arthropod vectors (mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, midges, etc.) that feed on blood; they can cause mild fevers, hepatitis, hemorrhagic fever, and encephalitis bacteriophage, phagea virus that is parasitic (reproduces itself) in bacteria plant virusa plant pathogen that is a virus consisting of a single strand of RNA animal virusan animal pathogen that is a virus slow virusa virus that remains dormant in the body for a long time before symptoms appear tumor virusa cell-free filtrate held to be a virus responsible for a specific neoplasm vector(genetics) a virus or other agent that is used to deliver DNA to a cell adenovirusany of a group of viruses including those that in humans cause upper respiratory infections or infectious pinkeye arenavirusanimal viruses belonging to the family Arenaviridae Bunyaviridaea large family of arboviruses that affect a wide range of hosts (mainly vertebrates and arthropods) bunyavirusan animal virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae; can be used as a bioweapon filovirusanimal viruses belonging to the family Filoviridae Togaviridaea family of arboviruses carried by arthropods alphavirusan arbovirus of the family Togaviridae that can cause a variety of encephalitis in horses Flaviviridaea family of arboviruses carried by arthropods flavivirusanimal viruses belonging to the family Flaviviridae Arenaviridaea family of arborviruses carried by arthropods Rhabdoviridaea family of arborviruses carried by arthropods vesiculovirusan animal virus that causes vesicular stomatitis Reoviridaea family of arboviruses carried by arthropods poxvirusany of a group of viruses that can cause pox diseases in vertebrates TMV, tobacco mosaic virusthe widely studied plant virus that causes tobacco mosaic; it was the first virus discovered (1892) viroid, virusoidthe smallest of viruses; a plant virus with its RNA arranged in a circular chromosome without a protein coat coliphagea bacteriophage that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli typhoid bacteriophagea bacteriophage specific for the bacterium Salmonella typhi hepadnavirusa group of animal DNA viruses including viruses of ducks and woodchucks and squirrels and others as well as the virus causing hepatitis B in humans retrovirusany of a group of viruses that contain two single-strand linear RNA molecules per virion and reverse transcriptase (RNA to DNA); the virus transcribes its RNA into a cDNA provirus that is then incorporated into the host cell myxovirusany of a group of RNA viruses including those that cause influenza and mumps picornavirusa group of single-strand RNA viruses with a protein coat herpes, herpes virusany of the animal viruses that cause painful blisters on the skin papovavirusany of a group of animal viruses associated with or causing papillomas or polyomas rhabdovirusany of a group of arboviruses including those causing rabies lyssavirusa neurotropic non-arbovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae that causes rabies reovirusany of a group of non-arboviruses including the rotavirus causing infant enteritis parvo, parvovirusany of a group of viruses containing DNA in an icosahedral protein shell and causing disease in dogs and cattle; not known to be associated with any human disease onion yellow-dwarf virusthe virus that produces stunting and yellowing of the leaves of onion plants potato yellow-dwarf virusthe virus that produces stunting and yellowing of the leaves of potato plants WTV, wound tumor virusa tumor virus transmitted by leafhoppers cosmid(genetics) a large vector that is made from a bacteriophage and used to clone genes or gene fragments micro-organism, microorganism any organism of microscopic size infectious agent, infective agentan agent capable of producing infection 2n a harmful or corrupting agency bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread the virus of jealousy is latent in everyone Hyper agency, delegacy, representation the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent 3n a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer a true virus cannot spread to another computer without human assistance Syn|Hyper computer virus malevolent program a computer program designed to have undesirable or harmful effects |
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