| 单词 | doctor |
| 释义 | doctor (once / 87 pages) nv You see doctor, and you think of someone doing good — like the medical doctor who saves lives. However, a person who doctors or tampers with a document is adding something wrong or harmful to it, like a lie. Doctor is the Latin word for "teacher," which makes sense since your doctor is often the one teaching you about how to take care of your body. Anyone who has a PhD, be it in English or Egyptology, is also referred to as a doctor because she holds a doctorate degree. But beware, there's also a market out there for doctored, or tampered-with diplomas, where you can buy a fake degree to call yourself a doctor. WORD FAMILYdoctor: doctoral, doctored, doctorial, doctoring, doctors+/doctoral: doctorally, doctorate, postdoctoral/doctorate: doctorates/doctorial: doctorially USAGE EXAMPLESTo visit IU Health, the largest health care provider in Indiana, with 15 hospitals and 8,700 doctors, is to see those changes up close. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) He said doctors told him he compressed his spinal cord. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) Associations representing hospitals, doctors and other health care providers are among those joining the suit. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) 1n a person who holds Ph.D. degree (or the equivalent) from an academic institution she is a doctor of philosophy in physics Syn|Hyper Dr. bookman, scholar, scholarly person, student a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines 2n a licensed medical practitioner I felt so bad I went to see my doctor Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper Dr., MD, doc, medico, physician Abul-Walid Mohammed ibn-Ahmad Ibn-Mohammed ibn-Roshd Arabian philosopher born in Spain; wrote detailed commentaries on Aristotle that were admired by the Schoolmen (1126-1198) Abu Ali al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn SinaArabian physician and influential Islamic philosopher; his interpretation of Aristotle influenced St. Thomas Aquinas; writings on medicine were important for almost 500 years (980-1037) Robert BaranyAustrian physician who developed a rotational method for testing the middle ear (1876-1936) Caspar BartholinDanish physician who discovered Bartholin's gland (1585-1629) Sir David BruceAustralian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931) Burrill Bernard CrohnUnited States physician who specialized in diseases of the intestines; he was the first to describe regional ileitis which is now known as Crohn's disease (1884-1983) John L. H. DownEnglish physician who first described Down's syndrome (1828-1896) Christiaan EijkmanDutch physician who discovered that beriberi is caused by a nutritional deficiency (1858-1930) Etienne-Louis Arthur FallotFrench physician who described cardiac anomalies including Fallot's tetralogy (1850-1911) William GilbertEnglish court physician noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1540-1603) William HarveyEnglish physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood; he later proposed that all animals originate from an ovum produced by the female of the species (1578-1657) Thomas HodgkinEnglish physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866) George HuntingtonUnited States physician who first described Huntington's chorea Aletta JacobsDutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929) Edward JennerEnglish physician who pioneered vaccination; Jenner inoculated people with small amounts of cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox (1749-1823) Harry Fitch KleinfelterUnited States physician who first described the XXY-syndrome (born in 1912) Clemence Sophia Harned LozierUnited States physician who in 1863 founded a medical school for women (1813-1888) Sir Patrick MansonScottish physician who discovered that elephantiasis is spread by mosquitos and suggested that mosquitos also spread malaria (1844-1922) Friedrich Anton MesmerAustrian physician who tried to treat diseases with a form of hypnotism (1734-1815) Theophrastus Philippus Aureolus Bombastus von HohenheimSwiss physician who introduced treatments of particular illnesses based on his observation and experience; he saw illness as having an external cause (rather than an imbalance of humors) and replaced traditional remedies with chemical remedies (1493-1541) Peter Mark RogetEnglish physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869) Sir Ronald RossBritish physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932) Benjamin Rushphysician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813) Albert SchweitzerFrench philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965) Anna Howard ShawUnited States physician and suffragist (1847-1919) Sir James Young SimpsonScottish obstetrician and surgeon who pioneered in the use of ether and discovered the anesthetic effects of chloroform (1811-1870) English HippocratesEnglish physician (1624-1689) Erik Adolf von WillebrandFinnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949) William BeaumontUnited States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853) Alexis CarrelFrench surgeon and biologist who developed a way to suture and graft blood vessels (1873-1944) Jean Martin CharcotFrench neurologist who tried to use hypnotism to cure hysteria (1825-1893) William CowperEnglish surgeon who discovered Cowper's gland (1666-1709) Harvery Williams CushingUnited States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939) Michael Ellis De BakeyUnited States heart surgeon who in 1966 implanted the first artificial heart in a human patient (born in 1908) Sir Howard Walter FloreyBritish pathologist who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1898-1968) Sigmund FreudAustrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939) William Crawford GorgasUnited States Army surgeon who suppressed yellow fever in Havana and in the Panama Canal Zone (1854-1920) Harold HirschsprungDanish pediatrician (1830-1916) Karen Danielsen HorneyUnited States psychiatrist (1885-1952) Karl Theodor JaspersGerman psychiatrist (1883-1969) Melanie KleinUnited States psychoanalyst (born in Austria) who was the first to specialize in the psychoanalysis of small children (1882-1960) Baron Richard von Krafft-EbingGerman neurologist noted for his studies of sexual deviance (1840-1902) Karl LandsteinerUnited States pathologist (born in Austria) who discovered human blood groups (1868-1943) Joseph ListerEnglish surgeon who was the first to use antiseptics (1827-1912) Prosper MeniereFrench otologist who first described a form of vertigo now known as Meniere's disease and identified the semicircular canals as the site of the lesion (1799-1862) Charles Frederick MenningerUnited States psychiatrist who with his sons founded a famous psychiatric clinic in Topeka (1862-1953) Karl Augustus MenningerUnited States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1893-1990) William Claire MenningerUnited States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1899-1966) Sir James PagetEnglish pathologist who discovered the cause of trichinosis (1814-1899) James ParkinsonEnglish surgeon (1755-1824) Walter ReedUnited States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902) Wilhelm ReichAustrian born psychoanalyst who lived in the United States; advocated sexual freedom and believed that cosmic energy could be concentrated in a human being (1897-1957) John RockUnited States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984) Francis Peyton RousUnited States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970) Hermann SnellenDutch ophthalmologist who introduced the Snellen chart to study visual acuity (1834-1908) Benjamin SpockUnited States pediatrician whose many books on child care influenced the upbringing of children around the world (1903-1998) Harry Stack SullivanUnited States psychiatrist (1892-1949) Georges Gilles de la TouretteFrench neurologist (1857-1904) Henry Hubert TurnerUnited States endocrinologist (1892-1970) Rudolf Karl VirchowGerman pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902) Karl WernickeGerman neurologist best known for his studies of aphasia (1848-1905) Thomas WillisEnglish physician who was a pioneer in the study of the brain (1621-1675) abortionist a person (who should be a doctor) who terminates pregnancies allergista physician skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of allergies angiologista physician who specializes in angiology extern, medical externa nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there gastroenterologista physician who specializes in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract GP, general practitionera physician who is not a specialist but treats all illnesses hakeem, hakima Muslim physician house physician, resident, resident physiciana physician (especially an intern) who lives in a hospital and cares for hospitalized patients under the supervision of the medical staff of the hospital houseman, intern, interne, medical internan advanced student or graduate in medicine gaining supervised practical experience (`houseman' is a British term) primary care physicianthe physician who provides primary care quackan untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice medical specialist, specialistpractices one branch of medicine operating surgeon, sawbones, surgeona physician who specializes in surgery vet, veterinarian, veterinary, veterinary surgeona doctor who practices veterinary medicine amputatora surgeon who removes part or all of a limb anaesthetist, anesthesiologist, anesthetista specialist who administers an anesthetic to a patient before he is treated baby doctor, paediatrician, pediatrician, pediatrista specialist in the care of babies cardiologist, heart specialist, heart surgeona specialist in cardiology; a specialist in the structure and function and disorders of the heart chiropodist, foot doctor, podiatrista specialist in care for the feet cosmetic surgeon, plastic surgeona surgeon who beautifies the body (especially the face) country doctora doctor who practices in the country (rather than in a city) usually remote from a modern hospital dermatologist, skin doctora doctor who specializes in the physiology and pathology of the skin diagnostician, pathologista doctor who specializes in medical diagnosis diplomatemedical specialist whose competence has been certified by a diploma granted by an appropriate professional group ear doctor, ear specialist, otologista physician who specializes in the ear and its diseases embryologista physician who specializes in embryology endocrinologistphysician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the endocrine system ENT man, ear-nose-and-throat doctor, otolaryngologist, otorhinolaryngologist, rhinolaryngologista specialist in the disorders of the ear or nose or throat family doctora general practitioner who treats all the family members geriatrician, gerontologista specialist in gerontology gynaecologist, gynecologist, woman's doctora specialist in gynecology haematologist, hematologista doctor who specializes in diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs horse doctora veterinarian who treats horses hygienista medical specialist in hygiene internista specialist in internal medicine brain doctor, neurologista medical specialist in the nervous system and the disorders affecting it brain surgeon, neurosurgeonsomeone who does surgery on the nervous system (especially the brain) accoucheur, obstetriciana physician specializing in obstetrics oncologista specialist in oncology eye doctor, oculist, ophthalmologista medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the eye orthopaedist, orthopedista specialist in correcting deformities of the skeletal system (especially in children) orthoptista specialist in orthoptics proctologista doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus head-shrinker, psychiatrist, shrinka physician who specializes in psychiatry radiographera person who makes radiographs radiologist, radiotherapista medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease rheumatologista physician specializing in rheumatic diseases urologista specialist in urology medical man, medical practitioner someone who practices medicine 3n children take the roles of physician or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the physician's office the children explored each other's bodies by playing the game of doctor Hyper child's play, play activity by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules 4v give medical treatment to Hypo|Hyper vet provide veterinary care for care for, treat provide treatment for 5v restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken Syn|Ant|Hypo|Hyper bushel, fix, furbish up, mend, repair, restore, touch on break, bust ruin completely break, bust, fall apart, wear, wear outgo to pieces fiddle, tinker try to fix or mend fillplug with a substance patch, piecerepair by adding pieces cobblerepair or mend point, repointrepair the joints of bricks trouble-shoot, troubleshootsolve problems patch, patch upmend by putting a patch on resole, soleput a new sole on revamp, vampprovide (a shoe) with a new vamp heel, reheelput a new heel on darnrepair by sewing close, fill upfill or stop up ameliorate, amend, better, improve, meliorate to make better 6v alter and make impure, as with the intention to deceive Syn|Hyper doctor up, sophisticate adulterate, debase, dilute, load, stretch corrupt, debase, or make impure by adding a foreign or inferior substance; often by replacing valuable ingredients with inferior ones Doctor (once / 218 pages) n WORD FAMILY Doctor: Doctors USAGE EXAMPLESDoctors and hospitals here are obsessed with metrics, not least because under the health law, they may be rewarded or penalized based on their performance. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) Skype debuted its own set of icons, dubbed Emoticons, around the November release of Marvel’s “Doctor Strange.” Los Angeles Times(Dec 31, 2016) Doctors estimate dying patients will live twice as long as they actually do. BBC(Dec 30, 2016) n (Roman Catholic Church) a title conferred on 33 saints who distinguished themselves through the orthodoxy of their theological teaching Syn|Exp|Hyper Doctor of the Church Saint Ambrose (Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan; the first Church Father born and raised in the Christian faith; composer of hymns; imposed orthodoxy on the early Christian church and built up its secular power; a saint and Doctor of the Church (340?-397) Saint Thomas Aquinas(Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; presented philosophical proofs of the existence of God (1225-1274) Athanasius the Great(Roman Catholic Church) Greek patriarch of Alexandria who championed Christian orthodoxy against Arianism; a church father, saint, and Doctor of the Church (293-373) Augustine of Hippo(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430) St. Basil the Great(Roman Catholic Church) the bishop of Caesarea who defended the Roman Catholic Church against the heresies of the 4th century; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-379) the Venerable Bede(Roman Catholic Church) English monk and scholar (672-735) Gregory the Great(Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604) St. Gregory of Nazianzen(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391) Saint IrenaeusGreek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200) Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420) St. John Chrysostom(Roman Catholic Church) a Church Father who was a great preacher and bishop of Constantinople; a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-407) theologian, theologiser, theologist, theologizer someone who is learned in theology or who speculates about theology |
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