| 单词 | organism |
| 释义 | organism (once / 586 pages) n An organism is a living thing that can function on its own. That includes your pet guppy, the tree in your backyard, and — of course — you. While the word organism typically indicates an actual living thing, you can also use organism to refer to anything that acts or functions like a living thing. For example, the social scene at a high school might be described as "a social organism" because it seems to have a mind of its own — like a living thing or even a vicious animal, depending on where one falls on the popularity scale. WORD FAMILYorganism: micro-organism, microorganism, organismal, organisms+/inorganic: inorganically/micro-organism: micro-organisms/microorganism: microorganisms/organ: organic, organification, organist, organs/organic: inorganic, organically, organicism, organics, organism/organicism: organicistic/organist: organists USAGE EXAMPLES“Most people think that illness is related to the organism. That’s only one part of the story,” Powers says. Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016) When nitrogen compounds run off into rivers, they likewise promote the growth of some organisms more than others. BBC(Jan 01, 2017) It found that organisms created in a California lab behaved differently in a Brazilian factory. New York Times(Dec 27, 2016) 1n a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently Syn|Hypo|Hyper being benthos organisms (plants and animals) that live at or near the bottom of a sea dwarfa plant or animal that is atypically small heterotrophan organism that depends on complex organic substances for nutrition parentan organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soula human being animal, animate being, beast, brute, creature, faunaa living organism characterized by voluntary movement flora, plant, plant life(botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion nativeindigenous plants and animals recombinanta cell or organism in which genetic recombination has occurred conspecifican organism belonging to the same species as another organism carrier(genetics) an organism that possesses a recessive gene whose effect is masked by a dominant allele; the associated trait is not apparent but can be passed on to offspring denizena plant or animal naturalized in a region amphidiploid(genetics) an organism or cell having a diploid set of chromosomes from each parent diploid(genetics) an organism or cell having the normal amount of DNA per cell; i.e., two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number haploid(genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes heteroploid(genetics) an organism or cell having a chromosome number that is not an even multiple of the haploid chromosome number for that species polyploid(genetics) an organism or cell having more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes animalcule, animalculummicroscopic organism such as an amoeba or paramecium micro-organism, microorganismany organism of microscopic size aerobean organism (especially a bacterium) that requires air or free oxygen for life anaerobean organism (especially a bacterium) that does not require air or free oxygen to live cross, crossbreed, hybrid(genetics) an organism that is the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock; especially offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties or breeds or species polymorphan organism that can assume more than one adult form as in the castes of ants or termites congenator, congener, congeneric, relativean animal or plant that bears a relationship to another (as related by common descent or by membership in the same genus) planktonthe aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water nektonthe aggregate of actively swimming animals in a body of water ranging from microscopic organisms to whales parasitean animal or plant that lives in or on a host (another animal or plant); it obtains nourishment from the host without benefiting or killing the host hostan animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite; it does not benefit and is often harmed by the association commensaleither of two different animal or plant species living in close association but not interdependent myrmecophilean organism such as an insect that habitually shares the nest of a species of ant eucaryote, eukaryotean organism with cells characteristic of all life forms except primitive microorganisms such as bacteria; i.e. an organism with `good' or membrane-bound nuclei in its cells procaryote, prokaryotea unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nuclei; bacteria are the prime example but also included are blue-green algae and actinomycetes and mycoplasma zooidone of the distinct individuals forming a colonial animal such as a bryozoan or hydrozoan clon, clonea group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproduction atavist, throwbackan organism that has the characteristics of a more primitive type of that organism individuala single organism mascota person or animal that is adopted by a team or other group as a symbolic figure mutant, mutation, sport, variation(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration postdiluviananything living after Noah's flood sitteran organism (person or animal) that sits standeran organism (person or animal) that stands utterer, vocaliser, vocalizeran organism that can utter vocal sounds fungusan organism of the kingdom Fungi lacking chlorophyll and feeding on organic matter; ranging from unicellular or multicellular organisms to spore-bearing syncytia nonvascular organismorganisms without vascular tissue: e.g. algae, lichens, fungi, mosses relictan organism or species surviving as a remnant of an otherwise extinct flora or fauna in an environment much changed from that in which it originated saprophyte, saprophytic organisman organism that feeds on dead organic matter especially a fungus or bacterium saprobean organism that lives in and derives its nourishment from organic matter in stagnant or foul water katharobean organism that lives in an oxygenated medium lacking organic matter pestany unwanted and destructive insect or other animal that attacks food or crops or livestock etc. crittera regional term for `creature' (especially for domestic animals) creepy-crawlyan animal that creeps or crawls (such as worms or spiders or insects) dartera person or other animal that moves abruptly and rapidly peeperan animal that makes short high-pitched sounds homeotherm, homoiotherm, homotherman animal that has a body temperature that is relatively constant and independent of the environmental temperature ectotherm, poikilotherman animal whose body temperature varies with the temperature of its surroundings; any animal except birds and mammals range animalany animal that lives and grazes in the grassy open land of western North America (especially horses, cattle, sheep) varment, varmintany usually predatory wild animal considered undesirable; e.g., coyote scavengerany animal that feeds on refuse and other decaying organic matter work animalan animal trained for and used for heavy labor domestic animal, domesticated animalany of various animals that have been tamed and made fit for a human environment feederan animal that feeds on a particular source of food migratoran animal (especially birds and fish) that travels between different habitats at particular times of the year molter, moulteran animal (especially birds and arthropods and reptiles) that periodically shed their outer layer (feathers or cuticle or skin or hair) peta domesticated animal kept for companionship or amusement stayera person or other animal having powers of endurance or perseverance stunta creature (especially a whale) that has been prevented from attaining full growth marine animal, marine creature, sea animal, sea creatureany of numerous animals inhabiting the sea including e.g. fishes and molluscs and many mammals femalean animal that produces gametes (ova) that can be fertilized by male gametes (spermatozoa) malean animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes (ova) adultany mature animal offspring, youngany immature animal pureblood, purebred, thoroughbreda pedigreed animal of unmixed lineage; used especially of horses giantany creature of exceptional size survivoran animal that survives in spite of adversity mutantan animal that has undergone mutation herbivoreany animal that feeds chiefly on grass and other plants insectivoreany organism that feeds mainly on insects acrodontan animal having teeth consolidated with the summit of the alveolar ridge without sockets pleurodontan animal having teeth fused with the inner surface of the alveolar ridge without sockets monad(biology) a single-celled microorganism (especially a flagellate protozoan) obligate anaerobean organism that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen dihybrida hybrid produced by parents that differ only at two gene loci that have two alleles each monohybrida hybrid produced by crossing parents that are homozygous except for a single gene locus that has two alleles (as in Mendel's experiments with garden peas) intestinal floraharmless microorganisms (as Escherichia coli) that inhabit the intestinal tract and are essential for its normal functioning virus(virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein moneran, moneronorganisms that typically reproduce by asexual budding or fission and whose nutritional mode is absorption or photosynthesis or chemosynthesis bacteria, bacterium(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants phytoplanktonphotosynthetic or plant constituent of plankton; mainly unicellular algae zooplanktonanimal constituent of plankton; mainly small crustaceans and fish larvae bug, germ, microbea minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium); the term is not in technical use endoparasite, endozoan, entoparasite, entozoan, entozoonany of various parasites that live in the internal organs of animals (especially intestinal worms) ectoparasite, ectozoan, ectozoon, epizoan, epizoonany external parasitic organism (as fleas) intermediate hosta host that is used by a parasite in the course of its life cycle definitive hostthe host in which the sexual reproduction of a parasite takes place pathogenany disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism) protoctistany of the unicellular protists protist, protistanfree-living or colonial organisms with diverse nutritional and reproductive modes conceptus, embryo, fertilized eggan animal organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that in higher forms merge into fetal stages but in lower forms terminate in commencement of larval life chordateany animal of the phylum Chordata having a notochord or spinal column invertebrateany animal lacking a backbone or notochord; the term is not used as a scientific classification metazoanany animal of the subkingdom Metazoa; all animals except protozoans and sponges omnivorean animal that feeds on both animal and vegetable substances predator, predatory animalany animal that lives by preying on other animals prey, quarryanimal hunted or caught for food gameanimal hunted for food or sport hexapodan animal having six feet bipedan animal with two feet larvathe immature free-living form of most invertebrates and amphibians and fish which at hatching from the egg is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose raceran animal that races fictional animalanimals that exist only in fiction (usually in children's stories) selfa person considered as a unique individual adult, grownupa fully developed person from maturity onward adventurer, venturera person who enjoys taking risks anomaly, unusual persona person who is unusual applicant, appliera person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission appointee, appointmenta person who is appointed to a job or position capitalista person who invests capital in a business (especially a large business) captor, capturera person who captures and holds people or animals changer, modifiera person who changes something color-blind persona person unable to distinguish differences in hue common man, common person, commonera person who holds no title communicatora person who communicates with others contestanta person who participates in competitions cowarda person who shows fear or timidity creatora person who grows or makes or invents things controversialist, disputant, eristica person who disputes; who is good at or enjoys controversy applied scientist, engineer, technologista person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems entertainera person who tries to please or amuse experimentera person who enjoys testing innovative ideas experta person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully facea part of a person that is used to refer to a person female, female persona person who belongs to the sex that can have babies individualista person who pursues independent thought or action denizen, dweller, habitant, indweller, inhabitanta person who inhabits a particular place aboriginal, aborigine, indigen, indigene, nativean indigenous person who was born in a particular place nativea person born in a particular place or country inexperienced person, innocenta person who lacks knowledge of evil intellect, intellectuala person who uses the mind creatively juvenile, juvenile persona young person, not fully developed lovera person who loves someone or is loved by someone loved onea person who you love, usually a member of your family leadera person who rules or guides or inspires others male, male persona person who belongs to the sex that cannot have babies money dealer, money handlera person who receives or invests or pays out money national, subjecta person who owes allegiance to that nation nonreligious persona person who does not manifest devotion to a deity nonworkera person who does nothing compeer, equal, match, peera person who is of equal standing with another in a group beholder, observer, perceiver, percipienta person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses perchera person situated on a perch forerunner, precursora person who goes before or announces the coming of another primitive, primitive persona person who belongs to an early stage of civilization religious persona person who manifests devotion to a deity sensualista person who enjoys sensuality traveler, travellera person who changes location unfortunate, unfortunate persona person who suffers misfortune persona non grata, unwelcome persona person who for some reason is not wanted or welcome unskilled persona person who lacks technical training workera person who works at a specific occupation Africana native or inhabitant of Africa person of color, person of colour(formal) any non-European non-white person Black, Black person, Negro, Negroid, blackamoora person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa) Caucasian, White, White persona member of the Caucasoid race Amerindian, Native Americanany member of the peoples living in North or South America before the Europeans arrived Slavany member of the people of eastern Europe or Asian Russia who speak a Slavonic language gentilea person who is not a member of one's own religion; used in this sense by Mormons and Hindus Hebrew, Israelite, Jewa person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties Aries, Ram(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Aries Bull, Taurus(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Taurus Gemini, Twin(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Gemini Cancer, Crab(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer Leo, Lion(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Leo Virgin, Virgo(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Virgo Balance, Libra(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Libra Scorpio, Scorpion(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Scorpio Archer, Sagittarius(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Sagittarius Capricorn, Goat(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Capricorn Aquarius, Water Bearer(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Aquarius Fish, Pisces(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Pisces abatora person who abates a nuisance abjurera person who abjures abominationa person who is loathsome or disgusting abstainer, abstinent, nondrinkera person who refrains from drinking intoxicating beverages achiever, succeeder, success, winnera person with a record of successes acquaintance, frienda person with whom you are acquainted acquirera person who acquires something (usually permanently) activea person who is a participating member of an organization actor, doer, workera person who acts and gets things done adjudicatora person who studies and settles conflicts and disputes admirera person who admires; someone who esteems or respects or approves adopteesomeone (such as a child) who has been adopted adversary, antagonist, opponent, opposer, resistersomeone who offers opposition adviseesomeone who receives advice advocate, advocator, exponent, proponenta person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea affianta person who makes an affidavit agnostic, doubtersomeone who is doubtful or noncommittal about something amateursomeone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime ancienta person who lived in ancient times antia person who is opposed (to an action or policy or practice etc.) anti-Americana person who is opposed to the United States and its policies apprehendera person who seizes or arrests (especially a person who seizes or arrests in the name of justice) appreciatora person who is fully aware of something and understands it archaista person who archaizes arrogatora person who through conceit makes pretentious claims to rights or advantages that he or she is not entitled to or to qualities that he or she does not possess assesseea person (or property) that is assessed asthmatica person suffering from asthma authority(usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others autodidacta person who has taught himself baby boomer, boomera member of the baby boom generation in the 1950s baby buster, bustera person born in the generation following the baby boom when the birth rate fell dramatically bad guyany person who is not on your side bad persona person who does harm to others baldhead, baldpate, baldya person whose head is bald balker, baulker, noncomplianta person who refuses to comply bullfighter, toreadorsomeone who fights bulls bathera person who takes a bath bearda person who diverts suspicion from someone (especially a woman who accompanies a male homosexual in order to conceal his homosexuality) bedfellowa person with whom you share a bed bereaved, bereaved persona person who has suffered the death of someone they loved best, topperthe person who is most outstanding or excellent; someone who tops all others birtha baby born; an offspring bitersomeone who bites bloggera person who keeps and updates a blog blond, blondea person with fair skin and hair bluecoata person dressed all in blue (as a soldier or sailor) bodybuilder, muscle builder, muscle-builder, musclebuilder, musclemansomeone who does special exercises to develop a brawny musculature bombera person who plants bombs brunet, brunettea person with dark (brown) hair bustera person (or thing) that breaks up or overpowers something candidate, prospectsomeone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) captivean animal that is confined casea person requiring professional services cashiera person responsible for receiving payments for goods and services (as in a shop or restaurant) celebrant, celebrater, celebratora person who is celebrating censorsomeone who censures or condemns chameleona changeable or inconstant person beguiler, charmera person who charms others (usually by personal attractiveness) baby, childan immature childish person chutzpanik(Yiddish) a person characterized by chutzpa closera person who closes something clumsy persona person with poor motor coordination aggregator, collectora person who collects things battler, belligerent, combatant, fighter, scrappersomeone who fights (or is fighting) complexifiersomeone makes things complex compulsivea person with a compulsive disposition; someone who feels compelled to do certain things computer usera person who uses computers for work or entertainment or communication or business contemplativea person devoted to the contemplative life converta person who has been converted to another religious or political belief ape, aper, copycat, emulator, imitatorsomeone who copies the words or behavior of another countera person who counts things counterterroristsomeone who attempts to prevent terrorism crawler, creepera person who crawls or creeps along the ground creature, wighta human being; `wight' is an archaic term creditora person to whom money is owed by a debtor; someone to whom an obligation exists cripplesomeone who is unable to walk normally because of an injury or disability to the legs or back dancer, social dancera person who participates in a social gathering arranged for dancing (as a ball) dead person, dead soul, deceased, deceased person, decedent, departedsomeone who is no longer alive deaf persona person with a severe auditory impairment debaser, degradera person who lowers the quality or character or value (as by adding cheaper metal to coins) debitor, debtora person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt delayera person who delays; to put off until later or cause to be late deliverera person who gives up or transfers money or goods demandera person who makes demands dietera person who diets differentiator, discriminatora person who (or that which) differentiates disentangler, unraveler, unravellera person who removes tangles; someone who takes something out of a tangled state contestant, dissenter, dissident, objector, protestera person who dissents from some established policy dividera person who separates something into parts or groups domestic partner, significant other, spousal equivalent, spouse equivalenta person (not necessarily a spouse) with whom you cohabit and share a long-term sexual relationship double, image, look-alikesomeone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor) dressera person who dresses in a particular way dribbler, driveller, drooler, slobberera person who dribbles drug user, substance abuser, usera person who takes drugs dyslectica person who has dyslexia ectomorpha person with a thin body effecter, effectorone who brings about a result or event; one who accomplishes a purpose Elizabethana person who lived during the reign of Elizabeth I emotional persona person subject to strong states of emotion endomorpha heavy person with a soft and rounded body enjoyera person who delights in having or using or experiencing something enrolleea person who enrolls in (or is enrolled in) a class or course of study ethnica person who is a member of an ethnic group adventurer, explorersomeone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose) extravert, extrovert(psychology) a person concerned more with practical realities than with inner thoughts and feelings faddista person who subscribes to a variety of fads fallera person who falls fastenera person who fastens or makes fast fiduciarya person who holds assets in trust for a beneficiary first-raterone who is first-rate followera person who accepts the leadership of another freak, lusus naturae, monster, monstrositya person or animal that is markedly unusual or deformed free agent, free spirit, freewheelersomeone acting freely or even irresponsibly frienda person you know well and regard with affection and trust fleer, fugitive, runawaysomeone who flees from an uncongenial situation gainera person who gains (gains an advantage or gains profits) gainer, weight gainera person who gains weight gamblera person who wagers money on the outcome of games or sporting events gatekeepersomeone who controls access to something gatherera person who gathers good guyany person who is on your side good persona person who is good to other people grantera person who grants or gives something greeter, saluter, welcomera person who greets grinnera person who grins groanera person who groans gruntera person who grunts guessera person who guesses handicapped persona person who has some condition that markedly restricts their ability to function physically or mentally or socially hatera person who hates headan individual person heterosexual, heterosexual person, straight, straight persona heterosexual person; someone having a sexual orientation to persons of the opposite sex gay, homo, homophile, homosexualsomeone who practices homosexuality; having a sexual attraction to persons of the same sex homunculusa tiny fully formed individual that (according to the discredited theory of preformation) is supposed to be present in the sperm cell hopesomeone (or something) on which expectations are centered hopera person who hopes huddlera person who crouches huggera person who hugs immunea person who is immune to a particular infection insured, insured persona person whose interests are protected by an insurance policy; a person who contracts for an insurance policy that indemnifies him against loss of property or life or health etc. interpretersomeone who uses art to represent something introvert(psychology) a person who tends to shrink from social contacts and to become preoccupied with their own thoughts Jata member of an Indo-European people widely scattered throughout the northwest of the Indian subcontinent and consisting of Muslims and Hindus and Sikhs gem, jewela person who is as brilliant and precious as a piece of jewelry jumpera person who jumps juniorthe younger of two persons killer, slayersomeone who causes the death of a person or animal relation, relativea person related by blood or marriage kinka person with unusual sexual tastes kneelera person in a kneeling position knockera person who knocks (as seeking to gain admittance) apprehender, knowera person who knows or apprehends large persona person of greater than average size Latina person who is a member of those peoples whose languages derived from Latin laughera person who is laughing or who laughs easily assimilator, learner, scholarsomeone (especially a child) who learns (as from a teacher) or takes up knowledge or beliefs left-hander, lefty, southpawa person who uses the left hand with greater skill than the right lifea living person lightning rodsomeone who is a frequent target of negative reactions and serves to distract attention from another linguist, polyglota person who speaks more than one language literate, literate persona person who can read and write livera person who has a special life style longer, thirster, yearnera person with a strong desire for something loose cannona person who is expected to perform a particular task but who is out of control and dangerous machinean efficient person mailera person who mails something malcontenta person who is discontented or disgusted manthe generic use of the word to refer to any human being manipulatora person who handles things manually man jacka single individual marrieda person who is married masturbator, onanista person who practices masturbation matethe partner of an animal (especially a sexual partner) measurera person who makes measurements nonmembera person who is not a member mesomorpha person with a well-developed muscular body ladino, mestizoa person of mixed racial ancestry (especially mixed European and Native American ancestry) middlebrowsomeone who is neither a highbrow nor a lowbrow miracle man, miracle workera person who claims or is alleged to perform miracles misogamista person who hates marriage mixed-blooda person whose ancestors belonged to two or more races moderna contemporary person monolinguala person who knows only one language mother hena person who cares for the needs of others (especially in an overprotective or interfering way) mouseperson who is quiet or timid maimer, mangler, mutilatora person who mutilates or destroys or disfigures or cripples namera person who gives a name or names namesakea person with the same name as another neglectera person who is neglectful and gives little attention or respect to people or responsibilities neighbor, neighboura person who lives (or is located) near another neutralone who does not side with any party in a war or dispute nondescripta person is not easily classified and not very interesting nonparticipanta person who does not participate nonpartisan, nonpartizana person who is nonpartisan nonperson, unpersona person regarded as nonexistent and having no rights; a person whose existence is systematically ignored (especially for ideological or political reasons) nonresidentsomeone who does not live in a particular place nonsmokera person who does not smoke tobacco nude, nude persona naked person nursera person who treats something carefully occultista believer in occultism; someone versed in the occult arts optimista person disposed to take a favorable view of things orphansomeone or something who lacks support or care or supervision ostricha person who refuses to face reality or recognize the truth (a reference to the popular notion that the ostrich hides from danger by burying its head in the sand) ejector, oustera person who ousts or supplants someone else outcastea person belonging to no caste outdoorsmana person who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting or fishing) owner, possessora person who owns something coddler, mollycoddler, pamperer, spoilersomeone who pampers or spoils by excessive indulgence pansexuala person who participates in (or is open to) sexual activities of many kinds excuser, forgiver, pardonera person who pardons or forgives or excuses a fault or offense partnera person who is a member of a partnership partya person involved in legal proceedings passera person who passes as a member of a different ethnic or racial group personageanother word for person; a person not meriting identification personificationa person who represents an abstract quality perspirer, sweatera person who perspires philosophera wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity chooser, picker, selectora person who chooses or selects out pisser, urinatora person who urinates contriver, deviser, plannera person who makes plans playera person who pursues a number of different social and sexual partners simultaneously posturersomeone who behaves in a manner calculated to impress or mislead others powderersomeone who applies or scatters powder preserversomeone who keeps safe from harm or danger propositusthe person immediately affected by or concerned with an action public relations persona person employed to establish and promote a favorable relationship with the public pursuera person who pursues some plan or goal pussycata person who is regarded as easygoing and agreeable quarteran unspecified person quittera person who gives up too easily radicala person who has radical ideas or opinions realista person who accepts the world as it literally is and deals with it accordingly rectifiera person who corrects or sets right carrottop, red-header, redhead, redheadersomeone who has red hair registranta person who is formally entered (along with others) in a register (and who obtains certain rights thereby) allayer, comforter, relievera person who reduces the intensity (e.g., of fears) and calms and pacifies repeatera person who repeats recoverer, rescuer, saversomeone who saves something from danger or violence restera person who rests controller, restrainera person who directs and restrains revenanta person who returns after a lengthy absence have, rich person, wealthy persona person who possesses great material wealth right hander, right-hander, righthandera person who uses the right hand more skillfully than the left risera person who rises (especially from bed) rompera person who romps or frolics roundheada brachycephalic person ruler, swayera person who rules or commands rushera person who rushes; someone in a hurry; someone who acts precipitously scientista person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences scratchera person who scratches to relieve an itch mediocrity, second-ratera person of second-rate ability or value cloud seeder, seedera person who seeds clouds quester, searcher, seekersomeone making a search or inquiry segregatesomeone who is or has been segregated romanticist, sentimentalistsomeone who indulges in excessive sentimentality sex objectany person regarded simply as an object of sexual gratification sex symbola person (especially a celebrity) who is well-known for their sexual attractiveness mover and shaker, shakera person who wields power and influence showmana person skilled at making effective presentations signatory, signersomeone who signs and is bound by a document simple, simpletona person lacking intelligence or common sense six-footera person who is at least six feet tall skidder, slider, slippera person who slips or slides because of loss of traction slavea person who is owned by someone slavesomeone entirely dominated by some influence or person sleepyheada sleepy person slouchera person who slouches; someone with a drooping carriage small persona person of below average size smashera person who smashes something smilera person who smiles sneezera person who sneezes sniffera person who sniffs sniffler, snivelera person who breathes audibly through a congested nose snuffera person who snuffs out candles snufflera person who breathes noisily (as through a nose blocked by mucus) socialiser, socializera person who takes part in social activities sorta person of a particular character or nature sounding boarda person whose reactions to something serve as an indication of its acceptability sphinxan inscrutable person who keeps his thoughts and intentions secret expectorator, spittera person who spits (ejects saliva or phlegm from the mouth) sporta person known for the way she (or he) behaves when teased or defeated or subjected to trying circumstances sprawlera person who sprawls spurnera person who rejects (someone or something) with contempt squint-eye, squintera person with strabismus standeesomeone who stands in a place where one might otherwise sit (as a spectator who uses standing room in a theater or a passenger on a crowded bus or train) smotherer, stiflera person who stifles or smothers or suppresses stigmatic, stigmatista person whose body is marked by religious stigmata (such as marks resembling the wounds of the crucified Christ) stoopera person who carries himself or herself with the head and shoulders habitually bent forward strangeran individual that one is not acquainted with strugglera person who struggles with difficulties or with great effort case, guinea pig, subjecta person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation supernumerarya person serving no apparent function surrenderer, yieldera person who yields or surrenders survivalistsomeone who tries to insure their personal survival or the survival of their group or nation survivorone who outlives another suspectsomeone who is under suspicion taggersomeone who appends or joins one thing to another taggersomeone who assigns labels to the grammatical constituents of textual matter tappera person who strikes a surface lightly and usually repeatedly temptera person who tempts others termera person who serves a specified term scourge, terror, threata person who inspires fear or dread testate, testatora person who makes a will scrag, skin and bones, thin persona person who is unusually thin and scrawny third-raterone who is third-rate or distinctly inferior throwersomeone who projects something (especially by a rapid motion of the arm) tigera fierce or audacious person totemista person who belongs to a clan or tribe having a totem touchera person who causes or allows a part of the body to come in contact with someone or something transfer, transfereesomeone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another transexual, transsexuala person whose sexual identification is entirely with the opposite sex cross-dresser, transvestitesomeone who adopts the dress or manner or sexual role of the opposite sex attempter, essayer, trierone who tries turnerone of two persons who swing ropes for jumpers to skip over in the game of jump rope tyrantany person who exercises power in a cruel way opener, undoer, unfastener, untiera person who unfastens or unwraps or opens usera person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something vanishera person who disappears dupe, victima person who is tricked or swindled Victoriana person who lived during the reign of Victoria visionarya person given to fanciful speculations and enthusiasms with little regard for what is actually possible visually impaired personsomeone who has inferior vision waitera person who waits or awaits wakera person who awakes walk-inperson who walks in without having an appointment needer, wantera person who wants or needs something warda person who is under the protection or in the custody of another warriorsomeone engaged in or experienced in warfare watchera person who keeps a devotional vigil by a sick bed or by a dead body doormat, weakling, wussa person who is physically weak and ineffectual weasela person who is regarded as treacherous or sneaky squirmer, wiggler, wrigglerone who can't stay still (especially a child) winkera person who winks withholdera person who refrains from granting witness(law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law worldlinga person absorbed by the concerns and interests and pleasures of the present world yawnera person who yawns microfloramicroscopic plants; bacteria are often considered to be microflora cropa cultivated plant that is grown commercially on a large scale endemica plant that is native to a certain limited area holophytean organism that produces its own food by photosynthesis non-flowering planta plant that does not bear flowers plantleta young plant or a small plant wildinga wild uncultivated plant (especially a wild apple or crabapple tree) ornamentalany plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value pot planta plant suitable for growing in a flowerpot (especially indoors) acrogenany flowerless plant such as a fern (pteridophyte) or moss (bryophyte) in which growth occurs only at the tip of the main stem apomicta plant that reproduces or is reproduced by apomixis aquatica plant that lives in or on water bryophyte, nonvascular plantany of numerous plants of the division Bryophyta cryptogamformerly recognized taxonomic group including all flowerless and seedless plants that reproduce by means of spores: ferns, mosses, algae, fungi annual(botany) a plant that completes its entire life cycle within the space of a year biennial(botany) a plant having a life cycle that normally takes two seasons from germination to death to complete; flowering biennials usually bloom and fruit in the second season perennial(botany) a plant lasting for three seasons or more escapea plant originally cultivated but now growing wild hygrophytea plant that grows in a moist habitat neophytea plant that is found in an area where it had not been recorded previously embryo(botany) a minute rudimentary plant contained within a seed or an archegonium monocarp, monocarpic plant, monocarpous planta plant that bears fruit once and dies sporophytethe spore-producing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations gametophytethe gamete-bearing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations Ceratostomella ulmi, Dutch elm fungusfungus causing Dutch elm disease Claviceps purpurea, ergota fungus that infects various cereal plants forming compact black masses of branching filaments that replace many grains of the plant; source of medicinally important alkaloids and of lysergic acid Xylaria mali, black root rot fungusfungus causing black root rot in apples Xylaria polymorpha, dead-man's-fingers, dead-men's-fingersthe fruiting bodies of the fungi of the genus Xylaria sclerotiniaany fungus of the genus Sclerotinia; some causing brown rot diseases in plants earthball, false truffle, hard-skinned puffball, puffballany of various fungi of the genus Scleroderma having hard-skinned subterranean fruiting bodies resembling truffles stalked puffballmushroom of the genus Tulostoma that resembles a puffball false truffleany of various fungi of the family Rhizopogonaceae having subterranean fruiting bodies similar to the truffle slime mold, slime moulda naked mass of protoplasm having characteristics of both plants and animals; sometimes classified as protoctists pond-scum parasitean aquatic fungus of genus Synchytriaceae that is parasitic on pond scum Synchytrium endobioticum, potato wart fungusfungus causing potato wart disease in potato tubers Saprolegnia ferax, white fungusa fungus that attacks living fish and tadpoles and spawn causing white fungus disease: a coating of white hyphae on especially peripheral parts (as fins) white rustfungus causing a disease characterized by a white powdery mass of conidia pythiumany fungus of the genus Pythium Phytophthora citrophthoracauses brown rot gummosis in citrus fruits Phytophthora infestansfungus causing late blight in solanaceous plants especially tomatoes and potatoes Plasmodiophora brassicae, clubroot fungusa fungus resembling slime mold that causes swellings or distortions of the roots of cabbages and related plants earth-ball, earthnut, truffleany of various highly prized edible subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber; grow naturally in southwestern Europe coral fungusany of numerous fungi of the family Clavariaceae often brightly colored that grow in often intricately branched clusters like coral tooth fungusa fungus of the family Hydnaceae lichenany thallophytic plant of the division Lichenes; occur as crusty patches or bushy growths on tree trunks or rocks or bare ground etc. true fungusany of numerous fungi of the division Eumycota basidiomycete, basidiomycetous fungiany of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota Chinese black mushroom, Lentinus edodes, Oriental black mushroom, golden oak mushroom, shiitake, shiitake mushroomedible east Asian mushroom having a golden or dark brown to blackish cap and an inedible stipe Lentinus lepideus, scaly lentinusa fungus with a scaly cap and white flesh and a ring on the stalk (with scales below the ring); odor reminiscent of licorice Corticium salmonicolor, pink disease fungusfungus causing pink disease in citrus and coffee and rubber trees etc Corticium solani, bottom rot fungusfungus causing bottom rot in lettuce Pellicularia filamentosa, Rhizoctinia solani, potato fungusfungus causing a disease in potatoes characterized by black scurfy spots on the tubers Pellicularia koleroga, coffee fungusfungus causing a disease in coffee and some other tropical plants Volvaria bombycinaa parasite on various trees sac fungusany of various ascomycetous fungi in which the spores are formed in a sac or ascus ascomycete, ascomycetous fungusany fungus of the class Ascomycetes (or subdivision Ascomycota) in which the spores are formed inside an ascus yeastany of various single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or division Aspergillus fumigatusa mold causing aspergillosis in birds and man Thielavia basicola, brown root rot fungusfungus causing brown root rot in plants of the pea and potato and cucumber families Wynnea americanaa fungus composed of several apothecia that look like elongated rabbit ears; the sterile surface is dark brown and warty; the fertile surface is smooth and pinkish orange Wynnea sparassoidesa fungus with a long solid stalk embedded in soil and a yellow-brown head shaped like a cauliflower false morela fungus of the family Helvellaceae lorchela large fungus of the family Helvellaceae gyromitraany fungus of the genus Gyromitra gasteromycete, gastromyceteany fungus of the class Gasteromycetes carrion fungus, stinkhornany of various ill-smelling brown-capped fungi of the order Phallales puffball, true puffballany of various fungi of the family Lycoperdaceae whose round fruiting body discharges a cloud of spores when mature earthstarany fungus of the family Geastraceae; in form suggesting a puffball whose outer peridium splits into the shape of a star Radiigera fuscoglebaa fungus similar to an earthstar except that it does not open up; the spore mass is brown at maturity with a column of sterile tissue extending up into it bird's-nest fungusany of various fungi of the family Nidulariaceae having a cup-shaped body containing several egg-shaped structure enclosing the spores Gastrocybe lateritiaa species of Gastrocybe fungus that has a conic cap and a thin stalk; at first the stalk is upright but as it matures the stalk bends over and then downward; the cap then gelatinizes and a slimy mass containing the spores falls to the ground as the stalk collapses Macowanites americanusa small fungus with a fragile cap that cracks to expose the white context and a white stalk that is practically enclosed by the cap Gastroboletus scabrosusa dingy yellow brown fungus with a rough stalk that superficially resembles a bolete Gastroboletus turbinatusa fungus with a cap that can vary from red to dark brown; superficially resembles a bolete Grifola frondosa, Polyporus frondosus, hen of the woods, hen-of-the-woodslarge greyish-brown edible fungus forming a mass of overlapping caps that somewhat resembles a hen at the base of trees Fomes igniarius, agaricfungus used in the preparation of punk for fuses boleteany fungus of the family Boletaceae jelly fungusany fungus of the order Tremellales or Auriculariales whose fruiting body is jellylike in consistency when fresh rust, rust fungusany of various fungi causing rust disease in plants smut, smut fungusany fungus of the order Ustilaginales Septobasidium pseudopedicellatum, felt fungusfungus that frequently encircles twigs and branches of various trees especially citrus trees in southern United States mold, moulda fungus that produces a superficial growth on various kinds of damp or decaying organic matter mildewa fungus that produces a superficial (usually white) growth on organic matter verticilliuma fungus of the genus Verticillium moniliaany of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Monilia candidaany of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Candida blastomyceteany of various yeastlike budding fungi of the genus Blastomyces; cause disease in humans and other animals Cercospora kopkei, yellow spot fungusfungus causing yellow spot (a sugarcane disease in Australia) Ustilaginoidea virens, green smut fungusfungus causing green smut in rice dry rota fungus causing dry rot rhizoctiniaany fungus now or formerly belonging to the form genus Rhizoctinia houseplantany of a variety of plants grown indoors for decorative purposes garden plantany of a variety of plants usually grown especially in a flower or herb garden tracheophyte, vascular plantgreen plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms poisonous planta plant that when touched or ingested in sufficient quantity can be harmful or fatal to an organism parasitic plantplant living on another plant and obtaining organic nutriment from it aerophyte, air plant, epiphyte, epiphytic plantplant that derives moisture and nutrients from the air and rain; usually grows on another plant but not parasitic on it rock plantplant that grows on or among rocks or is suitable for a rock garden autophyte, autophytic plant, autotroph, autotrophic organismplant capable of synthesizing its own food from simple organic substances myrmecophyteplant that affords shelter or food to ants that live in symbiotic relations with it earth-tongue, earthtongueany club-shaped fungus of the genus Geoglossum animate thing, living thing a living (or once living) entity 2n a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body the social organism Hyper scheme, system a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole |
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英语词典包含147318条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。