| 单词 | run |
| 释义 | verb | noun runrun1 /rʌn/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tense ran /ræn/, past participle run, present participle running) 1MOVE QUICKLY ON FOOT a)[intransitive] to move very quickly, by moving your legs more quickly than when you walk: If we run, we can still catch the bus.run down/over/through etc. I ran down the stairs as fast as I could. She ran screaming through the house.run to She ran to him and hugged him.run away/off They turned and ran away. He ran for his life as bullets flew around him (=to avoid being killed). b)[intransitive, transitive not in passive] to move in this way as a sport or for exercise: I run every morning.run 2 miles/10 kilometers/400 meters etc. He ran 4 miles on Saturday.THESAURUSjog – to run at a slow steady speed for exercise: It takes a half an hour to jog around the lake.sprint – to run as fast as you can for a short distance: I sprinted toward the end zone and got the touchdown.dash – to run somewhere, usually a short distance, because you are in a hurry: She dashed across the street to catch the bus.tear – to run somewhere very fast, especially in a dangerous or careless way: The dog came tearing across the backyard at me, and I screamed.dart – to run suddenly in a particular direction: A rabbit darted across the trail in front of us.race – to run somewhere very quickly, especially because it is important that you get somewhere: She raced up the stairs when she heard the scream.bolt – to suddenly run somewhere very fast, especially in order to escape or because you are frightened: At the sound of the siren, the men bolted for the door.scurry – to run quickly with small steps, especially because you are nervous or afraid: Occasionally a cockroach would scurry across the floor.scamper – to run quickly with quick short steps. Used about children or small animals: Squirrels were scampering around the park.trot – to run fairly slowly, taking short steps. Used especially about horses and dogs: A little dog was trotting behind her.gallop – to run very fast. Used about horses: The horse started galloping down the hill.2BE IN CHARGE OF [transitive] to control or be in charge of a company, a country, an organization, or system: Christina runs a restaurant in Houston. No one really knows who’s running the country.well-run/badly run It’s nice to work for a well-run company for a change. The government sold off most of the state-run factories.► see thesaurus at govern3IN A RACE [intransitive, transitive] to take part in a running race: I’ve never run a marathon before.run in Owens is running in the 200 meters.4GO SOMEWHERE QUICKLY [intransitive] spoken to go somewhere quickly, either by foot or in a car: run to I need to run to the store for some milk.run over/out/back etc. Let me just run out to the car and get it.run and do something Run and get me a towel. Sorry, I have to run (=I need to leave quickly).5MACHINES a)[intransitive] if a machine runs, it operates: How has your car been running lately? We had the computer up and running (=working) in less than an hour.run on electricity/gas/fuel etc. The car runs on solar energy.run off a battery/generator etc. (=use something as a power source) The radio runs off a battery. b)[transitive] to make a machine operate: They don’t run the furnace in the summertime.6COMPUTER PROGRAM [intransitive, transitive] computers if a computer program runs or you run it, it operates: You’d better run the spell checker before you print it. You have too many programs running.7ELECTION [intransitive] social studies, politics to try to be elected in an election: Seven candidates ran in the last election.run for something She ran for Congress in 2004.run against somebody Adams has not said if he will run against Dornan.8TEST/PROCESS [transitive] to do something such as a test, check, or experiment, in which you do things in a particular order: run a check/test/experiment (on somebody/something) The doctors need to run a few tests first.9NEWS/STORIES/ADVERTISEMENTS [intransitive, transitive] if something runs in a newspaper or magazine or on television or someone runs it, it is printed or broadcast: Her story ran in the local papers. They ran the ad for several weeks.10FLOW [intransitive] to flow, especially in or from a particular direction or place: Do you hear water running?run down/along etc. Tears started to run down her cheeks. A stream ran through the garden.► see thesaurus at pour11FAST/OUT OF CONTROL [intransitive always + adv./prep.] to move too fast or in an uncontrolled way: run into/down/through etc. Her car ran off the road and into a tree.12PLAY/MOVIE ETC. [intransitive] to continue being performed or shown regularly in one place: The exhibit runs through May at the Museum of Art.13AMOUNT/PRICE [intransitive, transitive] to be at a particular level, amount, price, etc.: run somebody $20/$50 etc. New headlights are going to run you about 40 bucks.be running at something Inflation was running at 5%. Weekly rates run to $3,750 during June, July, and August.14HAPPEN [intransitive] to happen or take place, especially in the way that was intended: The course will run from September to June. Things didn’t run as smoothly as we’d hoped. The president claims that the military campaign is running according to plan.15BUSES/TRAINS ETC. a)[intransitive] if a bus, train, etc. service runs, it takes people from one place to another at specific times of the day: The buses don’t run on holidays.run to/between etc. A ferry runs between the island and the mainland. b)[transitive] if a company or organization runs a bus, train, etc. service, they make it operate: Caltrain runs commuter trains to San José.16NOSE/EYES [intransitive] if someone’s nose or eyes are running, liquid is flowing out17OFFICIAL PAPERS [intransitive] to officially be able to be used for a particular period of time: The contract runs for a year.18ROADS/PIPES/FENCES/LINES [intransitive always + adv./prep., transitive] if something long and thin such as a river, road, or wire runs in a particular direction or someone runs it there, that is where it is or where someone puts it: run along/through etc. A small path runs between the dunes. A narrow twisting road runs the length of the valley.run something along/through etc. something Run the cables under the carpet.19MOVE SMOOTHLY [intransitive] to move smoothly along something such as a track: The drapes run along these special tracks.20run late/early/on time to arrive, go somewhere, or do something late, early, or at the right time: Don called – he’s running late, so we’ll start without him.21be running low/short if a supply of something is running low or running short, there is very little of it left: Our food supply was running low. Time was running short.22be running low on something (also be running short of something) to have very little left of something that you normally keep a supply of: The plane was running low on fuel.23run long if a meeting runs long, it last longer then it was intended to: Sorry I’m late – my meeting ran long.24run your eyes over/along/down etc. something to look quickly at something: I ran my eyes down the list of names.25MOVE something OVER A SURFACE [transitive always + adv./prep.] to move or rub something lightly along a surface: run something down/through/along something He ran his fingers through her hair. Run the scanner over the bar codes.26PAIN/FEELING [intransitive always + adv./prep.] if pain or another feeling runs through you or a part of your body, you feel it very strongly: run through/down/up etc. Alvin felt a sharp pain run down his left arm. Sophie felt a chill of fear run through her.27STORY/DISCUSSION ETC. [intransitive] to develop in a particular way or include particular things SYN go: Their argument runs like this.28run drugs/guns/whiskey etc. to bring drugs or guns into a country illegally in order to sell them SYN smuggle → see also drug runner, gun-running29run in the family if something such as a quality, disease, or skill runs in the family, many people in that family have it: Good looks must run in the family.30run a temperature/fever to have a body temperature that is higher than normal, because you are sick31run a (red) light to drive quickly through traffic lights instead of stopping: The ambulance ran a red light.32run an errand to go to a store, office, etc. to buy or get something that you need: I have to stop off near here to run an errand.33COLORS [intransitive] if color runs, it spreads from one area of cloth to another, when the cloth is wet: I hope these jeans don’t run when I wash them.34PAINT/INK ETC. [intransitive] if paint, ink, or makeup runs, it moves onto an area where you did not intend it to go: Your mascara’s running.35HOLE IN CLOTHES [intransitive] if a hole in pantyhose runs, it gets longer in a straight line36run for cover a)to run toward a place where you will be safe from being attacked, especially by bullets b)to try to protect yourself from criticism, a bad situation, etc.: Signs of trouble on Wall Street sent investors running for cover.37run for it to run as quickly as possible in order to escape: Someone’s coming – run for it!38run (something) aground/ashore if a ship runs aground, or someone runs it aground, it hits rocks or the ground and cannot move because the water is not deep enough39run its course to continue in the expected way until finished: Once the disease has run its course, it’s not likely to return.40run (somebody) a bath to fill a bathtub with water (for someone)41be running high if feelings are running high, people are becoming angry or upset about something: Emotions were running high during the trial.42run dry a)if a river or well (=hole in the ground for getting water) runs dry, there is no water left b)if a supply of something such as ideas, money, etc. runs dry, it ends or is used up: The show’s creativity had run dry after the second season.43come running a)informal to react in a very eager way when someone asks or tells you to do something: He only has to ask and I come running. b)spoken to ask someone for help, advice, or sympathy when you have a problem: run to Don’t come running to me when everything goes wrong!44run somebody’s life informal to keep telling someone what to do all the time, in a way that is annoying: Stop trying to run my life!45be running scared to have become worried about the power of an enemy or opponent: Their new software has the competition running scared.46run rings/circles around somebody informal to be able to do something much better than someone else can: Sophie can run circles around anyone who disagrees with her.47run wild to behave in an uncontrolled way: Football fans ran wild through the city.[Origin: Old English rinnan] → see also run amok at amok (1), make your blood run cold at blood (10), run counter to at counter3, cut and run at cut1 (35), run/go deep at deep2 (4), run the gauntlet at gauntlet (3), run riot at riot1 (2), running1, runaroundrun across somebody/something phrasal verb to meet or find someone or something by chance: I ran across some old love letters in a drawer.run after somebody/something phrasal verb to chase someone or something: She ran after him, calling his name.► see thesaurus at followrun along phrasal verb spoken old-fashioned used to tell a child to leave, or to tell someone that you must leave: Now you kids run along to bed.run around phrasal verb1to run in an area, without a definite direction or purpose: Put your puppy on the floor and let him run around.2informal to be very busy doing many small jobs: She’s been running around all day getting things ready.run around with somebody phrasal verb to spend a lot of time with someone, especially in a way that other people disapprove of SYN run withrun away phrasal verb1to leave a place, especially secretly, in order to escape from someone or something: He wanted to run away and join the circus when he was a kid.run away from Sandy had run away from home several times in her teens. → see also runaway22to try to avoid a problem or situation because it is difficult or embarrassing: run away from Baker is not one to run away from a fight.run away with phrasal verb1run away with somebody disapproving to leave a place secretly or illegally with someone else SYN run off with: His wife has run away with another man.2let your imagination/emotions/feelings run away with you to allow your ideas, feelings, etc. start to control how you behave and stop you from thinking in a sensible way anymore: I can’t let my emotions run away with me.3run away with something informal to win a competition or sports game very easily: The Warriors ran away with the championship.4run away with something to steal something SYN run off withrun something by somebody phrasal verb1to ask someone about something in order to get his or her opinion or permission: You’d better run that contract by a lawyer.2run that by me again spoken used to ask someone to explain something again, because you did not completely understandrun down phrasal verb1 run somebody/something ↔ down to drive into a person or animal and kill or injure him, her, or it: He was run down by a drunk driver.2 run something ↔ down if a clock, machine, battery, etc. runs down or something runs it down, it has no more power and stops working: If you leave the radio on, it will run down the battery.3 run somebody/something ↔ down informal to say things that are impolite, bad, or unfair about someone or something: Never run down your previous employer to a new one.4 run down something to quickly read a list of people or things: Let me run down the guest list again.5 if time, a clock, etc. is running down, the available time is coming to an end: With the clock running down, Dole scored another basket. → see also rundown, run-downrun into phrasal verb1run into somebody informal to meet someone by chance: We ran into Ruth this morning.2run into somebody/something to hit someone or something with a car or other vehicle: I nearly ran into a tree.3run into something to accidentally hit a part of your body on something: He’s always running into things.4run into difficulties/problems/debt etc. to start to experience difficulties: The business has run into serious financial problems.5run into (the) hundreds/thousands/millions etc. to reach a total of several hundreds, thousands, etc.: Insurance claims are expected to run into the millions.6run into something if one thing runs into another, for example another word, color, or quality, it joins it and mixes with it so that it is difficult to notice where one ends and the other begins7run something into the ground a)to use something a lot without taking care of it or repairing it so that you destroy it: She ran that old car into the ground. b)to manage a business so badly that it fails completely: Within a couple of years, he had run the family business into the ground.run off phrasal verb1 disapproving to leave a place or person in a way that people disapprove of: His wife ran off and left him.run off to They ran off to New York together.2run something ↔ off to quickly print several copies of something: We need to run off a hundred and fifty copies of this.3run somebody off, run somebody off something to force someone to leave a particular place, especially a road: He ran the intruders off with a gun. Someone tried to run me off the road.4run off at the mouth informal to talk too much: Boyd seems to enjoy running off at the mouth to the press.run off with phrasal verb1run off with somebody disapproving to leave a place with someone, because you are having a sexual relationship that people do not approve of SYN run away with: Maria left her husband and ran off with Henry.2run off with something to take something without permission: Someone ran off with Robert’s scuba gear.run on phrasal verb1to continue happening for longer than expected or planned: Our meetings usually run on for hours.2to continue speaking for a long time about something that is boring: run on about My dad will run on for hours about golf.run out phrasal verb1 if you run out of something, you use all of it and do not have any left: I’ve got some money you can borrow if you run out.run out of I hope we don’t run out of paint. We’re starting to run out of ideas.2 if something runs out, it is all used and there is none left: My patience was running out. Time is starting to run out.3 if an agreement, contract, official document, etc. runs out, it reaches the end of the period when it is officially allowed to continue SYN expire: My contract runs out in September.4run out of steam/gas etc. informal to have no energy or eagerness left for something that you are trying to do: I’m running out of steam – why don’t we quit for the day?5run somebody out of town old-fashioned to force someone to leave a place, because he or she has done something wrongrun out on somebody phrasal verb disapproving to leave someone when you should not because you are responsible for him or her: My dad ran out on me and my mom when I was ten.run over phrasal verb1 run somebody/something ↔ over to hit someone or something with a vehicle, and drive over him, her, or it: The dog had been run over by a car.2 run over something to look at or read something again so that you understand it better, or so that you are prepared for something: Sean ran over his notes one last time.3 run over something to explain something so that someone else understands it, especially a series of points or instructions: I’ll just run over the main points again.4run over something in your head/mind to think about something: He ran over all the possibilities in his mind.5 (also run over time) to continue past the arranged time: The meetings usually run over by a few minutes.6 if a container runs over, there is so much liquid inside that some flows out SYN overflowrun through phrasal verb1run through something to repeat something in order to practice it or make sure it is correct SYN go through, run over: I want to run through the speech one more time.2run through somebody’s mind/head if something runs through your mind, you cannot help thinking about it or remembering: The same thought kept running through his mind.3run through something to quickly read or look at something, especially in order to check or find something: Joe ran through a list of the jobs to be done.4run through something to think about, talk about, or explain something quickly, especially a series of events, reasons, or instructions: The woman quickly ran through the instructions with me.5run through something to be present in many parts of something or continue through it, for example in an artist’s work or in a society: This theme runs through the whole book.6run something through something to put something through a machine, a computer program, etc. so that it can be dealt with: Police ran the information through their databases.7run through something to use all of a supply of something, especially money: He ran through several thousand dollars before police caught him.8run somebody through literary to push a sword completely through someone → see also run-throughrun to phrasal verb1run to somebody to ask someone to help or protect you: You can’t keep running to your parents every time you have a problem.2run to something to be or reach a particular number or amount, especially a large number or amount3formal somebody’s taste runs to something used to say that someone likes a particular type of thingrun up phrasal verb1run up a bill/expenses/debts to use a lot of something or borrow a lot of money so that you will have to pay a lot of money: He’s been running up huge phone bills.2run something ↔ up to achieve a particular number of points in a game or competition3run something ↔ up to raise a flag on a polerun up against something/somebody phrasal verb to have to deal with unexpected problems or a difficult opponent: They finally ran up against a team they couldn’t beat.run with phrasal verb1run with something to develop an idea or plan by adding your own ideas and efforts: Mike picked up the idea and ran with it.2run with somebody to spend a lot of time with someone, especially in a way that other people disapprove of SYN run around with: She started running with the wrong crowd. verb | noun runrun2 ●●● S1 W1 noun 1ON FOOT a)[countable] a period of time spent running, or a distance that you run as a sport or for exercise: a 5-mile run I’m about to go for a run. b)[singular] the act of running: I broke into a run (=started running) when I spotted her across the field. It was still raining hard, but we made a run for the car (=suddenly started running). The kids set off at a run for the swing sets (=running).2BASEBALL [countable] a point won in baseball: He scored 936 runs in 12 seasons.3PLAY/MOVIE [countable] eng. lang. arts a continuous series of performances of a play, movie, etc. in the same place: The play had a three-month run on Broadway.4SERIES [countable usually singular] a series of successes or failures: run of The team has had a run of six consecutive defeats.a run of good/bad luck (=several lucky or unlucky things happening quickly after each other)5do something on the run to do something while you are on your way somewhere, or while doing something else: I always seem to eat on the run these days.6a run on something a situation in which a lot of people suddenly buy a particular product: There’s always a run on roses before Valentine’s Day.a run on the dollar/pound/yen etc. (=a situation in which a lot of people sell dollars, etc. and the value goes down) Economists fear a run on the dollar.7a run on a bank (also a bank run) an occasion when a lot of people all take their money out of a bank at the same time8ELECTION [countable usually singular] an attempt to be elected: Turner is making his first run for public office.9AMOUNT PRODUCED [countable] the number of units of a product that are produced at one time: The book had a limited run of only 2,000 copies.10make a run for it to suddenly start running in order to escape: When the guard turned, we made a run for it.11on the run a)to be trying to escape or hide, especially from the police: Mel had been on the run since he escaped from jail. b)if an army or an opponent is on the run, they may soon be defeated: Government forces have the rebels on the run. c)very busy and continuously rushing to get from one place to another: She’s constantly on the run.12TRIP [countable usually singular] a trip by train, ship, truck, etc., made regularly between two places: It’s a 45-minute run between the two cities.13SLOPE [countable] a)a sloping area of land that you can ski down: Both resorts offer beginner to expert runs. b)a special area or track for people to slide down on a sled or bobsled c)a trip down a slope in a sport such as skiing14IN CLOTHES [countable] a long hole in a pair of pantyhose15give somebody a (good) run for his/her money to do well in an election, competition, etc. so that your opponent has to use all their skill and effort to defeat you: He didn’t win, but he gave Rogers a run for his money.16have the run of something to be allowed to use a place when and how you want: We had the run of the house all week.17have a good/long run used to say that someone does something successfully for a long time, especially when this period of success has come to an end: We’ve had a good run, but we knew it couldn’t last forever.18ILLNESS the runs [plural] informal diarrhea (=an illness that makes you need to go to the toilet often)19MUSIC [countable] eng. lang. arts a set of notes played or sung quickly up or down a scale in a piece of music20CARD GAMES [countable] a set of cards with numbers in a series, held by one player21FOR ANIMALS [countable] an enclosed area where animals such as chickens or rabbits are kept → see also dry run, fun run, in the long run at long1 (9), in the short term/run at short1 (11), trial run |
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