| 单词 | pain |
| 释义 | noun | verb painpain1 /peɪn/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countable, uncountable] 1the feeling you have when part of your body hurts: An ear infection can cause a lot of pain. He felt a sharp pain in his leg. A month after surgery she was still in pain (=feeling pain). She jumped back with a cry of pain. My back pain was making it difficult to sleep. What did the doctor prescribe for pain relief (=something to help the pain)? Everyone has a few aches and pains when they get older. → see also growing painsTHESAURUSache – pain that continues without stopping, especially one that is not very bad: Josh had a dull ache in his back from moving boxes all day.soreness – pain in a part of your body that you have used too much or that is infected: When you exercise, your muscles produce lactic acid, and it is this that causes muscle soreness.tenderness – pain that you feel in a part of your body when it is touched, because it is injured or infected: The medication will help with the swelling and tenderness in your foot.twinge – a pain that only lasts a short time: Carla felt a twinge in her back as she bent over.discomfort formal – slight painful or unpleasant feelings in your body: Women who are eight or nine months pregnant often suffer discomfort that prevents them from sleeping.throbbing – a pain or pressure that comes and goes away in a regular pattern, like the beating of your heart: The throbbing in his ankle was getting slightly better.suffering – a long period of mental or physical pain that does not go away: When an animal is so sick that it cannot get better, it is best to let it die and end its suffering.agony – extremely bad pain: During the Civil War, many patients had to suffer through the agony of surgery without anesthetic.2the feeling of unhappiness you have when you are sad, upset, etc.: The scandal has caused me and my family great pain and suffering.pain of He had to deal with the pain of losing his father at the age of 10.3be a pain (in the neck/butt) spoken used to say that someone or something is very annoying: It’s such a pain to have to drive downtown.4no pain, no gain informal used to say that you have to use a lot of effort or deal with a lot of unpleasant things, if you want to achieve something5on/under pain of death/punishment etc. formal at the risk of being killed, punished, etc.: Members were sworn to keep the secret, on pain of death.6take pains to do something (also go to (great) pains to do something) to try hard to do something, or to be very careful in doing something: He took pains to spell everything correctly in his essay.7be at pains to do something formal to make a special effort to do something, because you think it is very important: My boss was at pains to explain that it wasn’t my fault.8for somebody’s pains as a reward for making an effort to do something, used especially when the award is unfair or not a reward at all: He works there his whole life, and then he gets fired for his pains! [Origin: 1200–1300 Old French peine, from Latin poena, from Greek poine payment, punishment]COLLOCATIONSadjectives/nouns + painthe pain is bad Later that evening, the pain was really bad.great pain (also a lot of pain) He was in great pain, but he managed to say a few words.(a) terrible/awful pain I woke up with a terrible pain in my side.severe/intense pain (also acute pain formal) Ever since the accident, Mike has suffered from severe back pain.excruciating pain (=very severe) The pain in my eye was excruciating.a sharp/stabbing pain (=short but severe) She felt a sharp pain in the back of her throat.mild/slight pain (=not severe) The tooth seemed to be causing only mild pain.a dull pain (=a slight but continuous pain) There was a dull pain in his lower jaw.a nagging pain (=a slight pain that is felt often) Rob felt fine, apart from a nagging pain in his left wrist.chronic pain (=pain that you feel for long periods of time) Many of the elderly patients suffer from chronic pain.constant pain (=pain that never goes away) She suffered from nerve damage that left her in constant pain.a shooting pain (=a severe pain that moves along part of your body) The shooting pains in her arms and legs slowly began to die away.a searing pain (=a sudden, very severe pain) His elbow struck the side of the table, sending a searing pain through his arm.a throbbing pain (=a pain that gets stronger and then weaker, in a steady continuous beat) I’ve still got this throbbing pain in my leg.back/chest/stomach etc. pain Many people suffer from back pain.abdominal pain Several people who ate at the restaurant had abdominal pain and diarrhea later that night.physical pain He couldn’t stand physical pain.labor pains (=felt by a woman when she is having a baby) Becky was at work when labor pains began.verbshave a pain I have a terrible pain in my stomach.feel pain (also experience pain formal) The dentist told me that I wouldn’t feel any pain.suffer (from) pain She suffers from chronic pain in her legs.bear/endure pain She couldn’t bear the pain any longer.cause pain This bone disease can cause severe pain.inflict pain (=deliberately hurt someone) He seemed to take pleasure in inflicting pain on others.relieve/ease/reduce pain (also alleviate pain formal) (=make it less severe) Exercise can help to relieve lower back pain. To reduce pain and swelling, put ice on your twisted ankle right away.complain of pain (=say that you have a pain in a part of your body) After we finished our run, Tom complained of pain in his chest.the pain gets worse If the pain gets any worse, see your doctor.the pain goes away (also the pain subsides formal) (=becomes less severe) He lay still until the pain had subsided to a dull ache.the pain comes and goes (=keeps starting and stopping) The pain comes and goes but it’s never too severe.pain + nounspain medication (=a drug that makes pain less severe) The patient was asking the nurse for pain medication.pain relief (=the reduction of pain) These drugs offer effective pain relief for the very sick.somebody’s pain threshold (=their ability to bear pain) Everyone has a different pain threshold.pain management (=the act of controlling pain) The patient suffered because of inadequate pain management. noun | verb painpain2 verb [transitive] 1it pains somebody to do something formal it is very difficult and upsetting for someone to have to do something: It pained her to see how much older Bill was looking.2old use if a part of your body pains you, it hurts |
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