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释义 | Vowels
Consonants
American English Sounds/t̬/The /t/ in tap or sat is a voiceless sound. Many Americans, however, use a voiced sound like a quick /d/ for the /t/ in words like latter, party, and little. The t in these words, shown in this dictionary as /t̬/, sounds like the d in ladder, hardy, and middle. This sound usually occurs between vowels (especially before an unstressed vowel), between r and a vowel, or before a syllabic /l/. /t˺/This symbol means that many speakers pronounce a glottal stop in place of or together with /t/. A glottal stop is the sound in the middle of the expression uh oh. For example, in the words button /ˈbʌt˺n/ andfootball /ˈfʊt˺bɔl/ the t does not sound the same as in the word ton /tʌn/; it sounds like a short period of silence. The glottal stop usually occurs before a syllabic /n/ or a consonant that begins the next syllable. /t/ and /d/These symbols mean that these consonants may be either pronounced or left out. For example, the t inrestless /ˈrɛstlɪs/ and the d in grandfather /ˈgrændˌfɑðɚ/ are usually dropped in normal connected speech, even though it is considered more correct in slow, careful speech to pronounce the t and d in these words. /nʃ/Many speakers pronounce the sequence /nʃ/ as /ntʃ/. For example, attention /əˈtɛnʃən/, conscious /ˈkɑnʃəs/ may also be pronounced as /əˈtɛntʃən/, /ˈkɑntʃəs/. Only the pronunciation with /nʃ/ is shown. The Longman Vocabulary CheckerThe Longman Vocabulary Checker is a new feature of the Longman Advanced American Dictionary. To access it, click on ‘Home’ and select the Vocabulary Checker icon on the right of your screen. With the Longman Vocabulary Checker you can find out which type of vocabulary is used in the text you are reading and which words you should learn. The Vocabulary Checker highlights words from specific lists in any text you choose. The words that it will highlight are either from:
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