to vary (one's voice, etc) in tone, pitch, etc
to keep (something) in proper measure or proportion; to temper or regulate (something)
to vary the amplitude, frequency, or phase of (a waveone of two combined waves) to match the variations of another the other, esp in combining a radio wave with a the sound or vision signal it carries
in music, to pass by regular chord or melodic progression from one key or tonality into another
modulation /-ʹlaysh(ə)n/ noun
modulator noun
[Latin modulatus, past part. of modulari to play, sing, from modulus: see modulus]