to pull out, draw forth, or obtain (something), esp against resistance or with effort

The dentist extracted a tooth

The police extracted a confession from the suspect

to withdraw (a juice, etc) or separate (a constituent of a mixture, etc) by a physical or chemical process

to take (a passage) from something for quoting, copying or performing

to find (a mathematical root) by calculation

a passage taken from a book, musical composition, etc, e.g. for quoting or performing

a solution or concentrate of the essential constituents of a complex material, e.g. an aromatic plant, prepared by extraction