释义 |
form /fɔːm /noun1The visible shape or configuration of something: the form, colour, and texture of the tree [mass noun]: the flowers of this shrub are remarkable both in form and colour...- One of the nicest seasons of the year is autumn and it reflects itself in many shapes, colours and forms.
- It is the rare gardener who is not smitten by their array of brilliant colors and graceful forms.
- This urban contemporary collection keeps things in perspective with simple forms, clean lines and subtle shapes.
Synonyms shape, configuration, formation, conformation, structure, construction, arrangement, disposition, appearance, outward form/appearance, exterior; contours, lines, outline, silhouette, profile; design, format; cut, pattern, mould 1.1The body or shape of a person or animal: his eyes scanned her slender form...- Suddenly, they noticed the form of an animal ahead, leaning down to drink.
- He held her so that she could not move, his strong arms encircled about her slender form.
- Her slender form was a crumpled heap in his arms, with bruises and blood marring her creamy white skin.
Synonyms body, shape, figure, silhouette, proportions, stature, build, frame, physique, anatomy informal vital statistics, chassis, bod 1.2 [mass noun] Style, design, and arrangement in an artistic work as distinct from its content: these videos are a triumph of form over content...- In the argument of content over form or vice-versa, here content dictates form.
- The book reflects the structure of the conference in both form and content in an attempt to capture the dynamism of the event.
- Branagh's film thus presents us once again with a provocative conflict between form and content.
Synonyms structure, arrangement, construction, framework, format, layout, design, organization, system, planning, order, orderliness, symmetry, proportion 2A particular way in which a thing exists or appears: essays in book form energy in the form of light...- Virtually all the important research continues to appear in the form of papers in journals.
- Draft policies then appeared in the form of reports brought before Council for formal approval.
- The survey will be in the form of a questionnaire, asking about people's experience of the NHS in their area.
Synonyms manifestation, appearance, embodiment, incarnation, semblance, shape, guise, character, description, expression 2.1Any of the ways in which a word may be spelled, pronounced, or inflected: an adjectival form...- In other instances, there are related prepositional and adverbial forms.
- These different shapes spell out word forms that belong to the verb lexeme crown.
- English does not require the use of gender-differentiated forms of the definite article and other similar words.
2.2 Philosophy The essential nature of a species or thing, especially (in Plato’s thought) regarded as an abstract ideal which real things imitate or participate in.Whitehead sees them as ingredients in an experience and rather similar to Plato's ideal forms....- Art as vision locates the subject of art in the artist, not in an external world of real or ideal forms.
- The most adequately objective knowledge we could have would be of the nature of these abiding forms fixed in the nature of things.
3A type or variety of something: sponsorship is a form of advertising...- The two most effective forms of mass direct action are riots and strikes.
- Early forms of male pattern balding do well with treatment.
- The geological period known as the Cambrian is marked by the rather sudden appearance of all the basic forms of animals now in existence.
Synonyms kind, sort, type, order, class, classification, category, variety, genre, brand, style; species, genus, family, generation, breed, strain, denomination technical phylum 3.1An artistic or literary genre: a form is as good as the writer who chooses it...- Prolific and hard-working, de Pisan wrote in most of the contemporary forms and genres.
- The satirist may use different forms of literature in prose or verse.
- Film-making is best learned on the job, like many other artistic or literary forms.
3.2 Botany A taxonomic category that ranks below variety, which contains organisms differing from the typical kind in some trivial, frequently impermanent, character, e.g. a colour variant. Also called forma.Seventeen species/botanical forms representing all the Old World lupins and one New World species were used in the experiment....- The islands are very rich floristically, with a high proportion of shrubs and other woody forms.
- Indeed, like most flowering plants, both forms were hermaphrodites.
4 [mass noun] The customary or correct method or procedure: an excessive concern for legal form and precedent...- This is not correct form in polite company, but then, I generally avoid polite company.
- Beneath these arguments about legal form lie the wider issues of self-determination.
- For form's sake, she apologised and said she'd replace it.
Synonyms etiquette, social practice, custom, usage, use, habit, wont, protocol, procedure, rules, convention, tradition, fashion, style, routine, ritual, pattern, regimen, policy, method, system, way, rule, formula, set formula; Latin modus operandi formal praxis good manners, manners, polite behaviour, correct behaviour, acceptable conduct, convention, etiquette, protocol informal the done thing 4.1 [count noun] A ritual or convention: the outward forms of religion...- The Act of Supremacy (1559) established the Church of England as the State religion. Those who rejected its outward forms and practices were fined, or worse.
- It is true that this general election does still adhere to some of the old forms and conventions of British democracy.
- Divine activities do not seem to be limited only to forms which have undergone ritual consecration.
4.2 [count noun] A set order of words; a formula: a form of words...- The Rev Chris Swift, a parent himself, agonised over a form of words for a situation he hadn't faced before.
- I suspect this form of expression is a local custom for elderly people to ward off the envy of jealous gods.
- Although no particular form of words is necessary the waiver must be express.
5A printed document with blank spaces for information to be inserted: an application form...- You can print off application forms through the official website.
- You will have to fill out an application form and there will be questions about your medical history and your lifestyle.
- As soon as the EU Commission approves the scheme the necessary application forms will be made available to farmers.
Synonyms questionnaire, document, coupon, tear-off slip, sheet of paper, paper; application (form), entry form, report, return, record 6chiefly British A class or year in a school, usually given a specifying number: the fifth form...- I am a supply teacher and I have been for the past nine years teaching in primary schools, high schools, sixth forms and colleges.
- It plans to do this by reducing four of its year groups from three forms per year to two forms by merging the classes.
- I took her straight back to see her form tutor and they promised to do something about it.
Synonyms class, year, school group, tutor group, set, stream, band; North American grade 7 [mass noun] The state of a sports player or team with regard to their current standard of play: they are one of the best teams around on current form...- Based on the two teams' current form, today's encounter looks set to be close fought and could go either way.
- On current domestic form, Liverpool might not see another Champions League night like this for a very long time to come.
- Their first league victory of the season will surely not be far away with David Bentley in his current form.
Synonyms fitness, physical fitness, condition, fettle, shape, trim, health, state of health British informal nick 7.1Details of previous performances by a racehorse or greyhound: an interested bystander studying the form...- For example, when the handicapper allots a weight to a horse for the Grand National, he will look at its previous form.
- With, of course, no previous form to go on, the weight of money tends to offer significant clues to the outcome.
- As ladies in elaborate hats paraded and gentlemen in top hat and tails studied form, the royals rode in the traditional Ascot carriage procession.
7.2A person’s mood and state of health: she seemed to be on good form...- That morning Christine had been on great form but at 8pm her mood changed dramatically.
- I only spoke to Glenn three weeks ago and he was in fine form and looking forward to the future.
- And then yesterday I retired to my sickbed, feeling decidedly under the weather, and am still not on top form today.
7.3British informal A criminal record: they both had form...- Paranoid perhaps, but the government does have previous form on this matter.
- In case you are tempted to believe a word of this disclaimer, remember at Mr Gonzalez has previous form.
- I think Warne'd get the benefit of the doubt, except he's got form.
Synonyms a criminal record, a police record, previous convictions, a history of crime informal previous 8British A long bench without a back.The shelter inside was totally dark and one had to grope to find a place to sit on the backless wooden forms....- The original seats were old wooden forms which could be pushed back against the wall.
- It was a truck with a projector in the back that they'd back up to the hall, open a flap in the wall and the projector would poke through that. We'd sit on forms watching cowboy movies, I think cowboy movies was all they showed!
Synonyms bench, long seat, pew, settle, stall 9 Printing, chiefly US variant spelling of forme. 10British A hare’s lair.Hares lie overnight in ‘forms’, which are a kind of above-ground nest. 11 another term for shuttering.A slab foundation is made by building wooden forms and pouring the concrete into these forms....- The quality of this work depends not on the mix of the material itself, but rather on the formwork into which the concrete is poured. Well crafted, watertight wooden forms are essential.
verb [with object]1Bring together parts or combine to create (something): the company was formed in 1982 peasants and miners were formed into a militia...- Neighbours have already got together and formed a community association, which in all but name is a crime fighting force.
- The growing need for cooperation and integration among Asian countries dictates that East Asian countries get together and move toward forming one community.
- In 1909, these immigrants and some Americans formed an organization named the Indo-American Association.
Synonyms set up, devise, establish, found, launch, float, create, bring into being, put in place, organize, institute, start, begin, get going, initiate, bring about, inaugurate, lay the foundations of arrange, draw up, line up, assemble, organize, sort, order, range, array, dispose, marshal, deploy, gather, group, place, position, rank, grade 1.1Go to make up or constitute: the precepts which form the basis of the book...- It seems to me that these four reasons form a rather weak basis for his claim.
- It maintains evolution and forms the very basis of cosmic life.
- He published this method in 1919, and it also formed the basis of his seminal paper on the scattering of plane electric waves by spheres.
Synonyms comprise, make, make up, constitute, compose, add up to, account for, represent constitute, serve as, act as, function as, perform the function of, do duty for, make, embody, compose, comprise 1.2 [no object] Gradually appear or develop: a thick mist was forming all around...- He smiled slowly to himself, the plan forming gradually in his mind.
- But when we started to sing, a few passers-by began turning their heads in curiosity and gradually a crowd formed and some even sang with us.
- All day Sunday, a plan had been forming in my mind.
Synonyms materialize, come into being/existence, crystallize, emerge, spring up, develop; take shape, appear, loom, show up, become visible, come into view, present itself, reveal itself, show itself 1.3Conceive (an idea) in one’s mind: to form a judgement he seeks further information...- You may find it would broaden the mind if you formed your opinions on the world by means other than the Daily Mail.
- In 1995 he formed the idea of organising an exhibition in Greenwich to celebrate the Millennium.
- The probability is, however, that Gough has already formed a pretty good idea of where he will be going and that only the final details remain to be settled.
Synonyms formulate, devise, conceive, work out, think up, prepare, make ready, get ready, work up, lay, draw up, put together, produce, fashion, concoct, construct, frame, forge, hatch, develop, organize informal dream up 1.4Establish (a relationship): the women would form supportive friendships...- Alliances can be quickly formed, and supportive friendships quickly made.
- Daladier often poured out his heart to Bullitt in this way, and formed an extremely close relationship with him.
- We've formed a very good relationship that's like a family to me.
1.5Articulate (a word or other linguistic unit).I tried to talk but I couldn't quite concentrate on single words or forming complete sentences at the moment....- His lips kept forming the same words over and over again.
- She spoke very precisely, every word formed and enunciated with perfect diction.
1.6Construct (a new word) by derivation or inflection.Although they often belong in clusters, complex words are usually formed one at a time in accordance with more or less established patterns....- The word was formed by a rather circuitous route, according to the OED's etymological information.
- New words are formed in a variety of ways, some of which overlap with each other.
2Make or be made into a specific shape or form: [with object]: form the dough into balls [no object]: his features formed into a smile of pleasure...- Bricks are made from clay and other materials which are formed into shapes then fired in a kiln to make them strong and durable.
- The mixture is heated over a low fire, then formed into shape and cooled.
- The light surrounded the boy, and formed into the shape of a Chinese dragon.
Synonyms make, fashion, shape, model, mould, forge, found, cast, sculpt, hew, carve; construct, build, manufacture, fabricate, assemble, put together; create, produce, concoct, devise, contrive, frame 2.1 ( be formed) Have a specified shape: her body was slight and flawlessly formed...- The chapel was small but perfectly formed, constructed like a miniature church.
- The UK, small but perfectly formed is a great place to be a mountain biker.
- The hands themselves were beautifully formed, so white they seemed carved of alabaster.
2.2 ( form people/things up or form up) chiefly Military Bring or be brought into a certain formation: Mortimer formed up his troops for the march...- The Austrians were formed up in a strong position 4 miles wide, in an area of rolling country, with the village of Leuthen at their centre, and their flanks protected by marshy ground.
- He quickly formed his army up to meet an attack, but his crossbowmen were still on the other side of the river.
- The defenders formed up in a V-shaped formation.
2.3Influence (something abstract): the role of the news media in forming public opinion...- This leads us to another point in the importance of the legends and folklore in forming and shaping a nation's character.
- Nevertheless, polls are influential in forming public opinion and attitudes.
- The feminist view of useless men may be extreme, but it has been hugely influential. For Gloria Steinem, who grew up with an alcoholic father, it formed her character and launched an entire movement.
Synonyms develop, mould, shape, train, teach, instruct, educate, school, tutor, coach, groom, drill, discipline, prime, prepare, guide, direct, inform, verse, enlighten, inculcate, indoctrinate, edify, cultivate, improve, better, uplift, elevate Phrasesin (or on) form off (or out of) form Derivativesformability noun ...- The copper-free alloys of the series have many desirable characteristics: moderate-to-high strength, excellent toughness, and good workability, formability, and weldability.
- These primary crystals do not have a substantial effect on strength but affect appreciably the formability, fatigue resistance and surface finish.
- The low carbon steel, of course, has excellent formability.
formable adjective ...- These steels possess an extraordinary combination of ultra-high-strength and fracture toughness and at the same time are formable, weldable, and easy to heat-treat.
- For most dual phase steels, and also for highly formable interstitial free steels, the stress-strain curves do not conform to the Ludwig's equation.
- The composites are formable with normal aluminum metal-working techniques and equipment at warm working temperatures.
OriginMiddle English: from Old French forme (noun), fo(u)rmer (verb, from Latin formare 'to form'), both based on Latin forma 'a mould or form'. Form goes back to Latin forma ‘a mould or form’, and is an element in many English words such as conform (Middle English) make like something else; deform (Late Middle English) ‘mis-shape’; and reform (Middle English) ‘put back into shape’. Formal (Late Middle English) originally meant ‘relating to form’, and developed the sense ‘prim, stiff’ in the early 16th century. Format (mid 19th century) came via French and German from Latin formatus (liber) ‘shaped (book)’. Formula (early 17th century) was in Latin a ‘little form’ and was at first a fixed form of words used in ceremonies. Use in chemistry is from the mid 19th century.
Rhymesconform, corm, dorm, forme, haulm, lukewarm, Maugham, misinform, norm, outperform, perform, shawm, storm, swarm, transform, underperform, warm |