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单词 fall
释义

fall

/fɔːl /
verb (past fell /fɛl/; past participle fallen /ˈfɔːl(ə)n/) [no object, with adverbial]
1Move from a higher to a lower level, typically rapidly and without control: bombs could be seen falling from the planes my purse fell out of my bag (as adjective falling) she was injured by a falling tree...
  • I watched her open up the paper, let the rest of the tobacco fall onto the ground, and then ball up the little bit of paper and flick it.
  • He brought his hands down, and she let the bow fall abruptly, surprised at his sudden movement.
  • His hand glowed and the gigantic sword fell to the ground, leaving a small indention where it had fallen.

Synonyms

drop, drop down, plummet, descend, come down, go down, plunge, sink, dive, nosedive, tumble, pitch;
cascade
technical gravitate
1.1 (fall off) Become detached and drop to the ground: my sunglasses fell off and broke on the pavement...
  • I opened my left front door panel yesterday and I accidentally pull the door handle and the wire hook just fell off suddenly.
  • One or more keys fell off the laptop keyboard and you are not sure how to put them back?
1.2Hang down: hair that was allowed to fall to the shoulders...
  • His braided hair fell down over his shoulders, his eyes were jet black, and he liked to wear a piece of purple silk tied around his hair.
  • His long golden hair falls down over his shoulders, and you notice two pointed ears poking out from the golden locks.
1.3(Of land) slope downwards: the land fell away in a steep bank...
  • The ground fell away from the river somewhat at first, and then rose and fell again before it went up in one slope toward the Wolfing dwellings.
  • Where the ground fell away right at the end of the garden, we have made a lower level with some steps leading down to a small paved patio.

Synonyms

slope down, slope, slant down, go down, incline downwards, tilt downwards, drop away, drop, descend, dip, sink, plunge
rare decline
1.4 [no object] (Of someone’s eyes or glance) be directed downwards: Albert’s eyes fell, and he blushed...
  • His gaze fell to my lips as if he wanted to kiss me.
  • Her eyes fell to the floor, searching for the largest, sharpest piece of the broken glass.
1.5 [no object] (Of someone’s face) show dismay or disappointment by appearing to droop: her face fell as she thought about her life with George...
  • Una's face fell slightly in disappointment and she looked at me.
  • I was sure my face fell, reflecting my disappointment because Sister Martina patted me gently on the shoulder.
  • Julie's face fell and tears trailed down her cheeks like two little streams.
2(Of a person) lose one’s balance and collapse: she fell down at school today...
  • I did not fall or lose my balance or anything else embarrassing, but I was annoyed.
  • We'd clasped hands and spun around, but I'd fallen off balance and crashed into the table.
  • Thrown off balance, the boy fell with a splash, just as the bullet whizzed past his head.

Synonyms

topple over, tumble over, keel over, fall down, fall over, go head over heels, go end over end, fall headlong, go headlong, collapse, fall in a heap, take a spill, pitch forward;
trip, trip over, stumble, stagger, slip, slide;
Scottish & Northern Irish cowp
informal come a cropper, go for six
dated measure one's length
fall over, fall, topple over, tumble down, keel over, collapse, fall in a heap, trip, take a spill, stumble, stagger
informal come a cropper, go for six
dated measure one's length
2.1Throw oneself to the ground: she fell to her knees and began to weep...
  • Cheska's fathers' eyes widened as he dropped to his knees, falling onto the ground face first.
  • She knew that if she wasn't already sitting on her short stool, she'd probably have fallen to the ground from weak knees.
  • I swear, if I hadn't been holding on to him I probably would have fallen to the ground due to weak knees.
2.2(Of a tree or structure) collapse to the ground: after the earthquake, part of the city fell down...
  • Struggling among the vines, Kearney reflected that they could report that a lot of trees had fallen down and the ground was full of large holes.
  • The entire structure began falling inwards, collapsing in on itself like a cloth being folded.
  • Dixie watched in shock as a tall pine tree fell slowly toward her plastic kennel, which was shaped like an igloo.

Synonyms

collapse, cave in, come down about one's ears, crash in, fall down;
subside, sag, slump, sink inwards;
give way, crumple, crumble, disintegrate, fall to pieces
2.3 (fall over) informal (Of computer hardware or software) stop working suddenly; crash: the program fell over once when I clicked on the wrong control...
  • Ok, here goes, if this site suddenly falls over, you'll know why!
  • Two days later my computer kept falling over during the windows boot process with a suspect driver error.
  • I bought two of these when they first came out, one as a mini server the other as a back up server. They were fine for about 24 months... then they both just fell over, both on the same day.
3Decrease in number, amount, intensity, or quality: imports fell by 12 per cent we’re worried that standards are falling...
  • If the Footsie fell by the same amount it would have gone below 3,000.
  • Within the whole sample, depression scores fell by a similar amount in both groups at two and four months.
  • Unemployment reached the highest levels since the 1930s. Wages fell by the greatest amount in a century.

Synonyms

decrease, decline, diminish, fall off, drop off, go down, grow less, lessen, dwindle;
plummet, plunge, slump, sink;
depreciate, decrease in value, lose value, decline in price, cheapen, devalue
informal hit the floor, go through the floor, nosedive, take a nosedive, take a header, go into a tailspin, crash
decrease, decline, diminish, drop off, go down, go downhill, grow less, lessen, dwindle, plummet, plunge, slump, sink
informal hit the floor, go through the floor, nosedive, take a nosedive, take a header, go into a tailspin, crash
3.1(Of a measuring instrument) show a lower reading: the barometer had fallen a further ten points...
  • Easton awoke early this morning to find the thermometer had fallen 30 during the night, and was but 2 above a zero.
  • The Tourism Barometer's recent low point of 87.1 in November 2001 was matched only in March 1993 when the barometer fell to 87.0.
3.2 (fall away) (In sport) play less well: when he faded the whole team fell away...
  • But at the same time, the last three seasons with Scott in the team still saw us fall away as the campaign drew to an end.
  • Yes, our league form did fall away a bit but now we are back on track we can give it full focus now and look to improve our league position.
  • Middlesbrough in particular have suffered this season from this very factor, falling away after a great start to the season.
4Be captured or defeated: their mountain strongholds fell to enemy attack...
  • When the town fell to the epidemic of vampirism that swept the world, it must have fallen quickly.
  • Despite the efforts of Washington's regulars and the massed militia, New York and its strategic harbor fell to the enemy in September 1776. ...
  • Damar becomes even more angry, when he learns that Septimus III has fallen to the enemy, even though Weyoun had promised to "deal" with the situation.

Synonyms

surrender, yield, submit, give in, give up, give way, capitulate, succumb;
be overthrown by, be taken by, be defeated by, be conquered by, be overcome by, be overwhelmed by, lose one's position to, pass into the hands of, fall victim to
4.1 Cricket (Of a wicket) be taken by the bowling side: more wickets fell...
  • Two wickets had fallen in three balls, and Pakistan were delicately poised at 109 for 3.
  • No more wickets fell before the close and Jaques ended unbeaten on 67.
  • With the wickets falling at regular innings Crompark were back in with a chance.
4.2Die in battle: an English leader who had fallen at the hands of the Danes...
  • On this Memorial Day as we honor those who have fallen in battle in service of their country let us pray to whatever higher force in which we believe or hope that the dying stops.
  • That uniform is stained with the noble blood of those who've fallen in battle for their country.
  • The General was said to be battered and bruised, but was not one of the unfortunate 420000 who fell during the battle.

Synonyms

die, be killed, be slain, be a casualty, be a fatality, be lost, lose one's life, perish, drop dead, meet one's end, meet one's death
informal bite the dust, croak, buy it
British informal snuff it, peg out
North American informal bite the big one
archaic decease
4.3 [no object] (Of a government or leader) lose office or be overthrown.Napoleon III fell from power and in 1870, Hugo witnessed the siege of Paris....
  • Where were you on the day Margaret Thatcher fell from power?
  • Ties had been strained after the Khmer Rouge fell from power in 1979, but warmed again in the mid-1990s.
4.4 [no object] archaic Yield to temptation: it is their husbands' fault if wives do fall
5Pass into a specified state, situation, or position: many of the buildings fell into disrepair [with complement]: she fell pregnant...
  • I immediately fell into Damin, though, because my legs had fallen asleep.
  • With food and water in her stomach, Calida let the urge to fall asleep take over and she fell into a dreamless, peaceful sleep.
  • At long last the day ended, and I fell into bed hoping to fall asleep quickly and refrain from thinking about the ball again.

Synonyms

become, come/get to be, grow, get, turn
doze off, drop off, go to sleep
informal nod off, go off, drift off, crash, crash out, flake out, conk out, go out like a light
North American informal sack out, zone out
5.1Occur or take place: when night fell we crawled back to our lines her birthday fell on May Day...
  • Three Beanie Baby birthdays have fallen in the last eight days and by tonight when I was being asked to suggest presents for a lobster I confess I was feeling unhelpful.
  • Night had fallen again upon the world, letting the world below fall into a gentle slumber.
  • As night began to fall, he arrived at a village and all the hotels were full for the night.

Synonyms

occur, take place, happen, come about, come to pass
come, arrive, appear, occur, arise, materialize
5.2 (fall to doing something) Begin to do something: he fell to musing about how it had happened...
  • And the sons of Israel fell to doing what was bad in the eyes of Jehovah.
  • When her mistress left her, she fell to doing her work slowly again, and sometimes she paused to listen to the talk in the bathhouse behind her.
5.3Be drawn accidentally into: you must not fall into this common error...
  • After graduation I fell accidentally into a job which enabled me to pursue a professional qualification.
  • Some of us were born to be spies. Not me though, I sort of fell into it by chance.
  • Meanwhile, I fell into teaching, probably because life has a way of guiding you into service to your fellow humans.
6Be classified in the way specified: canals fall within the Minister’s brief...
  • I am only biased against that which is unfunny, though I suppose that my own approach falls under the banner of indie or alternative comedy, two things I am not sure even exist.
  • Wald has also spoken of the need for bases to help protect oil reserves in Africa (which falls under the purview of the EUCOM).
  • Prosecuting illegal aliens for entering the country falls under the jurisdiction, of course, of the U.S. federal government.
noun
1An act of falling or collapsing: his mother had a fall as she alighted from a train...
  • TWO jockeys were hurt in falls and a spectator collapsed in a toilet during a North Yorkshire horse race.
  • Mrs Tempest was conscious after the initial fall but later collapsed and was airlifted to Nairobi General Hospital.
  • Runs up the ramp may be frantic attempts to escape, but end in falls, collapses and rolling back down.

Synonyms

tumble, trip, spill, topple, stumble, slip;
collapse
informal nosedive, header, cropper
1.1 Wrestling A move which pins the opponent’s shoulders on the ground for a count of three.He then did a springboard senton but Hart went to count the fall but Kash pulled him out of the ring....
  • Monty Brown pinned Sabu in 8: 35 in an Extreme rules match, which meant falls count anywhere.
  • A fall from the ring counts as two knockdowns, with three knockdowns resulting in a loss just like a knockout.
1.2A downward difference in height between parts of a surface: at the corner of the massif this fall is interrupted by other heights of considerable stature

Synonyms

descent, declivity, slope, downward slope, downward slant, incline;
North American downgrade
2A thing which falls or has fallen: in October came the first fall of snow a rock fall...
  • Management decided it was unsafe for miners to continue working as the coalface was hit by falls of rock and debris from the roof, and flooding.
  • Councillors branded it ‘diabolical’ blaming KCC for being too slow in dealing with the heavy falls of snow of January 8.
  • We awoke this morning, after promises all weekend of disruptive falls of snow, to a tiny white dusting, a little more fell soon after but for now that seems to be it.
2.1A sudden onset or arrival: the fall of darkness...
  • If they are able, they may slow down time itself and forestall the fall of night. If not, there is always another chance; the fall of night will bring dreams that enlighten future journeys.
  • With the fall of darkness, it shuts down its solar collectors.
2.2 (usually falls) A waterfall or cascade: we camped upriver from the falls [in names]: Niagara Falls...
  • There were other falls, other cascades and exciting spurts of white water in the canyon, and also quiet stretches so clear that each stone lay as if painted on the creek bed.
  • The steps are crowned with statues and, again, fountains, which make them a combination of sprouting water and cascading falls.
  • With water cascading down from a height of 4,500 ft. and splitting into five smaller falls, the Kempty waterfalls offers a panoramic view.

Synonyms

waterfall, cascade, cataract, chute, torrent;
rapids, white water;
Northern English force
Scottish archaic linn
2.3 literary A downward turn in a melody: that strain again, it had a dying fall...
  • When notation did appear in the 9th century, it indicated the rise and fall of the melodies without exact specification of pitches.
  • After a few builds and falls, the scherzo gives way to a gorgeous, lush melody of a kind normally associated with Rachmaninoff.
  • The men begin singing Shalom Aleichem, swaying with the rise and fall of the melody.
2.4The way in which something falls or hangs: the fall of her hair...
  • White hair hang in a straight fall from my head to mid-back.
  • The folds of the drapery, the fall of the curtains, had been arranged and rearranged, by Adolph and Rosa, with that nicety of eye which characterizes their race.
2.5 (falls) The parts or petals of a flower which bend downwards, especially the outer perianth segments of an iris.Originally most bearded irises had droopy falls (the petals that hang down)....
  • ‘George’ has plum-purple petals and darker purple falls, with tiny markings of yellow and white.
  • Blue-white standards with black falls and a yellow sunburst pattern circling the red beards will surely dazzle any iris lover.
3A decrease in size, number, rate, or level: a big fall in unemployment...
  • The fall in prices would be greater than the fall not only in their wage rates but also in the overall average of wage rates.
  • The dollar suffered its biggest fall against the Yen for more than a year.
  • The central bank attributed the steady plunge of the gross national savings rate to a rapid fall of savings in the household sector.

Synonyms

decline, fall-off, drop, dropping off, decrease, cut, lessening, lowering, dip, diminishing, dwindling, reduction, plummet, plunge, slump, deterioration, downswing
informal nosedive, crash, let-up
4A defeat or downfall: the fall of the government...
  • Argentina's swift defeat hastened the fall of the military dictatorship and the restoration of democracy.
  • The battle between Enigorio and Enigonhahetgea reminds one of the fall of Satan in Christian lore.
  • He compared the fall of the Soviet Union to the rise of new media.

Synonyms

downfall, ruin, ruination, collapse, failure, decline, deterioration, degeneration, destruction, overthrow, demise
surrender, surrendering, capitulation, yielding, giving in, submission, acquiescence, succumbing, resignation, laying down of arms;
defeat
4.1A person’s moral decline.His dramatic exit resolved the paradoxes of his life and arguably saved him a very public decline and fall....
  • But Melon subjects the ladies to a graphic account of his decline and fall.
  • The decline and fall of a mere meritocrat in a world of privilege is the theme of this novel.
4.2 (the Fall or the Fall of Man) The lapse of humankind into a state of sin, ascribed in traditional Jewish and Christian theology to the disobedience of Adam and Eve as described in Genesis.The author's claim that the biblical creation story associates woman with ‘inborn evil’ relies upon a Christian interpretation of the Fall of Man story in Genesis, which ascribes the dogma of Original Sin to Eve's eating the apple....
  • The poet, invoking the ‘Heav'nly Muse ’, states his theme, the Fall of Man through disobedience, and his aim, which is no less than to ‘justifie the wayes of God to men’.
  • And instead of original sin leading to the Fall of Man, we fear the degradation of Nature by an apparently malevolent human species.

Synonyms

sin, sinning, wrongdoing, transgression, error, yielding to temptation, offence, lapse, fall from grace, backsliding;
original sin
5 (also Fall) North American Autumn: that fall Roosevelt was elected to his first term...
  • In the fall, autumn leaves will bring a change of color to the coastline.
  • Mating season commonly takes place during the fall and winter seasons, but can occur at any time throughout the year.
  • In addition, I'd like to wish everyone a great fall and winter season, and may the weather be good to us.
6 rare A flock of woodcock: there is a fall of woodcock in the round wood above the dell...
  • Early and late falls of woodcock add to the excitement of the day.
  • A fall of woodcocks skimmed a tree-ringed meadow.
  • When there has been a large fall of woodcock during the night, birds may be found at times in the strangest places.

Phrases

be riding (or heading) for a fall

fall between two stools

fall foul (or afoul) of

fall in (or into) line

fall in (or out of) love (with someone)

fall into place

fall on stony ground

fall over oneself to do something

fall prey to

fall short (of)

fall to pieces

fall victim to

take the fall

Phrasal verbs

fall about

fall apart (or to pieces)

fall back

fall back on

fall behind

fall down

fall for

fall in

fall in with

fall on (or upon)

fall out

fall through

fall to

Origin

Old English fallan, feallan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vallen and German fallen; the noun is partly from the verb, partly from Old Norse fall 'downfall, sin'.

  • Even in Old English the difference between fall and befall was that the first was used literally while the second was used figuratively in the sense such as ‘happened’. When we say of a disappointed person that his face fell, we are using an expression which was originally a translation from Hebrew: ‘And Cain was very wroth [angry], and his countenance fell.’ If we say of someone who has given up an attempt that they have fallen by the wayside, we are echoing the parable of the sower, told by Jesus to his disciples in St Matthew's Gospel. The person who has stopped trying to achieve something is compared with seed which ‘fell by the wayside’ and was eaten by birds, and therefore produced no crop. The same story gives us an expression for a suggestion which is badly received or ignored: it is said to fall on stony ground. This refers to the seed in the parable which ‘fell on stony places’ and withered. In Christian, Jewish, and Muslim tradition a fallen angel is an angel who rebelled against God and was cast out of heaven. The devil was the head of the fallen angels. These are largely negative senses, but a more positive expression is found in fall on your feet, used to indicate that you emerge unhurt from a difficult or damaging situation. The reference is to cats, which always seem to land elegantly after a fall or jump.

Rhymes

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更新时间:2024/11/10 15:41:09