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单词 do
释义

do1

/duː /
verb (does /dʌz/; doing; past did /dɪd/; past participle done /dʌn/)
1 [with object] Perform (an action, the precise nature of which is often unspecified): something must be done about the city’s traffic she knew what she was doing what can I do for you? Brian was looking at the girl, and had been doing so for most of the hearing...
  • If Amy wasn't with us we'd have probably done something but she was our excuse for not doing so.
  • When the riot squad did move, it was so fast and so precise nothing could be done.
  • I really didn't know what I was doing.

Synonyms

carry out, undertake, discharge, execute, perpetrate, perform, accomplish, implement, achieve, complete, finish, conclude;
bring about, engineer, effect, realize
informal pull off
rare effectuate
1.1Perform (a particular task): Dad always did the washing up on Sundays...
  • It was really strange, because one moment she was just cooking and doing the chores at home, and the next moment she was on telly.
  • She says that more and more, charities end up doing the tasks the state is supposed to look after.
  • After each task, the teams swapped over their mode of transport and did the tasks all over again.
1.2Work on (something) to bring it to completion or to a required state: it takes them longer to do their hair than me she’s the secretary and does the publicity...
  • I'm going to get my hair done a bit more often and go for facials and pamper myself a bit more.
  • I had my hair and make-up done by professionals, was taught how to walk on a catwalk and got to model three outfits.
  • I don't like people touching my hair, doing my make-up or telling me what to wear.

Synonyms

prepare, make, get ready, fix, produce, see to, arrange, organize, be responsible for, be in charge of, look after, take on
style, arrange, adjust, groom, preen, primp, prink;
brush, comb, wash, dry, cut
informal fix
1.3 [no object] British informal Do the cleaning for a person or household: Florrie usually did for the Shermans in the mornings
1.4Make or have available and provide: many hotels don’t do single rooms at all [with two objects]: he decided to do her a pastel sketch of himself...
  • The bar does meals, which looked filling, and the view over the bay is great!
  • We are now doing a three-course Sunday lunch for £9.95.
  • Does anyone know of a central Manhattan hotel which does family rooms?

Synonyms

paint, draw, sketch;
make, create, produce, turn out, fashion, design, fabricate, manufacture
informal knock up, knock together, knock off
1.5Solve; work out: Joe was doing sums aloud...
  • Again, multiply the two together and you'll see how the sums have been done.
  • It may be that you'll need to reassess your choices once you've done some more detailed sums.
  • After doing some hard financial sums, I left the day job to chase a few dreams.

Synonyms

work out, figure out, calculate, add up;
solve, resolve, puzzle out, decipher;
British tot up
1.6Cook (food) to completion or to a specified degree: if a knife inserted into the centre comes out clean, then your pie is done...
  • When the burger and onions are almost done, toast the bread on the grill or in a toaster.
  • When those are both done, add the pasta to the bacon, and mix for a bit, then add the cream until it's all warm.
  • She handed him a towel and the phone, and then left to make sure her food was doing okay.
1.7(Often in questions) work at for a living: what does she do?...
  • Do you remember when I told you what my parents did for a living?
  • What does your dad do for a living?
  • But talking about this kind of thing is what I do for a living.

Synonyms

do for a living, work at, be employed as, earn a living as/at;
what is …'s job?
1.8Learn or study; take as one’s subject: I’m doing English, German, and History...
  • However, doing a PhD requires a high level of emotional management both within and outwith the field.
  • In what sense are we required to follow the canons of correct reasoning when doing mathematics?
  • I am doing the most demanding degree, but I could maybe take a year out.

Synonyms

study, read, learn, take a course in, take classes in, be taught
1.9Produce or give a performance of (a particular play, opera, etc.): the Royal Shakespeare Company are doing Macbeth next month...
  • I thought it was a really compelling one and probably for the same reason I like doing Shakespeare plays.
  • At present we are doing a modern Russian play and another straight from New York.
  • As most of you know, our school has traditionally done Shakespeare passages for our Recitations.

Synonyms

put on, present, produce, give;
perform in, act in, play in, take part in, participate in, be involved in, be engaged in
1.10 informal Imitate (a particular person) in order to entertain people: he not only does Schwarzenegger and Groucho, he becomes them...
  • He does a great Elvis and my guests just loved him.
  • If you ask me, he does Rolf Harris better than Rolf Harris does himself!
  • No one can do the Queen like you! I have found myself enthralled watching your portrayal of her.
1.11 informal Take (a narcotic drug): he doesn’t smoke, drink, or do drugs...
  • She would be there doing heroin and I started off by just having a line on the foil.
  • See if anyone else is having doubts that all the drugs they've done really were spiritual.
  • I've done enough drugs over the years to know what it's like.
1.12Attend to (someone): the barber said he’d do me next...
  • If your employees do not do another customer in between, the time would be booked as 120 minutes or two hours straight time.
  • He said he could do me after he finished the one he was doing, but I said no thanks. I’ll wait until tomorrow.
  • A guy came in to get his lip pierced and Robbie asked if he could do him first and I told him it was no problem.
1.13 vulgar slang Have sexual intercourse with.
1.14 (do it) informal Have sexual intercourse: I only ever did it in the missionary position...
  • I like to do it in the morning.
  • I hit 16, went to college and one of the guys in my class said that he reckoned I was great in the sack and asked me to 'do it' with him behind the bike sheds.
1.15 (do it) informal Urinate or defecate.
2 [with object] Achieve or complete, in particular:
2.1Travel (a specified distance): one car I looked at had done 112,000 miles...
  • By now it is believed to have done the highest mileage of any comparable plane still in service.
  • I rode 5 miles yesterday, and did 12 miles today, and already feel better mentally and physically than I have in a few years.
  • The car does about 35-40 miles to the gallon.

Synonyms

travel, journey, go, cover, travel over, pass over, journey over, traverse, cross, range over, put behind one, get under one's belt, attain, achieve, log
informal chalk up, notch up
2.2Travel at (a specified speed): I was speeding, doing seventy-five...
  • He maintains he was doing the speed limit and had no time to react.
  • The speed a car is doing is only one element which affects the safety of road users.
  • Furthermore what if you were told that had they been doing the speed limit, they could have survived?

Synonyms

drive at, travel at, go at, proceed at, move at
2.3Make (a particular journey): last time I did Oxford-York return by train it was £50...
  • The journey has been done once before, by a Frenchman in 132 days just under ten years ago.
  • In the seven years I've been doing that journey, I'm thinking that takes my total to five.
  • I did London to Paris for charity last year.
2.4 informal Visit as a tourist, especially in a superficial or hurried way: the Americans are allotted only a day to do the Yorkshire Moors...
  • The area can be very crowded with surfers and tourists doing Land's End.
  • We did the Eiffel Tower on Friday because we figured the queues would be shorter than on Saturday or Sunday.
  • If you are in New York, you really have to do the Empire State Building!

Synonyms

visit, tour, sightsee in, look around/round, take in the sights of
2.5Spend (a specified period of time) in prison or in a particular occupation: he did five years for manslaughter Peter has done thirteen years in the RAF...
  • I ended up back in prison doing fifteen months for handling stolen goods.
  • He had done five years for housebreaking.
  • He did 25 years in the Air Force.
2.6 [no object] informal Finish: you must sit there and wait till I’ve done [with present participle]: we’ve done arguing...
  • It is finished, all done, and not able to be processed because of funding issues at this point of time.
  • Once Varla was done she pulled out some cream and told Amy to apply it to her face.
  • She is up packing our stuff right now and she should be done within five minutes or so.
2.7 (be done) Be over: the special formula continues to beautify your tan when the day is done...
  • These people should get some sort of satisfaction when the day is done.
  • The working week is done and we're more than up for cocktail fun.
  • This is the signal that the night is done, and that the sun is coming up.
2.8 (be/have done with) British Give up concern for; have finished with: I should sell the place and be done with it Steve was not done with her...
  • Can you honestly say that, once the back-slapping and drinks all round were done with, you would be completely overjoyed on his behalf?
  • We need some new scandal and controversy now that that one is done with (until next year).
  • Now that my only wedding of the summer is done with, I'm wondering how to get myself on the guest list.

Synonyms

be finished with, have finished with, be done with, be through with, want no more to do with, be no longer involved with/in, have given up, have no further dealings with, have turned one's back on, have washed one's hands of, have no more truck with
3 [no object, with adverbial] Act or behave in a specified way: they are free to do as they please you did well to bring her back...
  • He said his client admitted he had done wrong and would behave differently if he had his time again.
  • He is used to doing as he pleases and takes notice of nobody.
  • It's cold and wet out there so I think all are just as happy to be here and doing as we please.

Synonyms

act, behave, conduct oneself, acquit oneself
rare comport oneself, deport oneself
3.1Make progress or perform in a specified way; get on or fare: when a team is doing badly, it’s not easy for a new player to settle in Mrs Walters, how’re you doing?...
  • It will obviously all hinge on how well we are doing as the game progresses.
  • I convinced myself I'd done incredibly badly, snapped at everyone in sight and was no fun at all.
  • He has just been doing his A levels and he thinks he has done really badly.

Synonyms

get on, get along, progress, fare, make out, get by, manage, cope, survive;
succeed, prosper
3.2 [with object and complement] Have a specified effect on: the walk will do me good...
  • However in those days we didn't think we might be doing ourselves serious harm.
  • It will do you good to have some fresh air.
  • They'll do themselves harm one way or another.
3.3 [with object] Result in: the years of stagnation did a lot of harm to the younger generation...
  • The rapid expansion in 90-92, combined with the recession, did a lot of harm financially, and the company finally went bankrupt.
  • There's a lot of things that have to be put right because the recession did a lot of damage.
  • This storm obviously did quite a bit of damage to area homes, businesses and vehicles.
4 [no object] Be suitable or acceptable: if he’s anything like you, he’ll do [with object]: a couple of quid’ll do me...
  • It's not what I would have hoped for, but it'll have to do.
  • ‘This sweater will do me fine,’ I answered, and I shut the door behind me
  • I'm looking for someone to blame my feelings on and you'll do.

Synonyms

suffice, be adequate, be satisfactory, be acceptable, be good enough, be of use, fill the bill, fit the bill, answer the purpose, serve the purpose, meet one's needs, pass muster;
be enough, be sufficient
informal make the grade, cut the mustard, be up to snuff
4.1Suffice or be usable: a strip of white cotton about 20 yards long did for a fence...
  • A rocky ledge, we decide, will do fine as a lunch spot.
  • Any piece of paper slipped between two pages would do as a bookmark, but origami bookmarks are stylish and will distinguish you apart from the rest.
5 [with object] informal Beat up or kill: one day I’ll do him...
  • Do you think he did kill himself or was he done in by someone else?
  • I'll do him with an iron bar.
  • I'll do you one of these nights!
5.1 (be done) Be ruined: once you falter, you’re done...
  • I do my warm-up set, then add a little bit more weight and I'm completely done after about 4 reps.
  • He did not enter the majors until he was 28 and he was done by the time he was 37.
  • My body said, ‘Okay, you're done,’ and I just fell apart.
5.2Rob (a place): this would be an easy place to do and there was plenty of money lying around...
  • I don't know who, or what organisation, if any, did the bank.
5.3British informal Swindle: a thousand pounds for one set of photos—Jacqui had been done...
  • Oh - and if you ever bought this spam filter to get rid of the nasties on your computer, you were apparently done.
  • How could some of Australia's biggest and shrewdest media outlets get done so badly.
  • It was only after travelling to Amsterdam and meeting the fraudsters that she became suspicious and contacted police, who told her: ‘Sorry, but you've been done.’
6 [with object] (usually be/get done for) British informal Prosecute or convict: we got done for conspiracy to cause GBH...
  • Today, we're finding out what life is like for a sportsperson after getting done for drugs.
  • All this fun resulted in Donovan becoming the first pop star to be done for marijuana possession.
  • I knew I had been done - the blinding flash of the fixed speed camera in Higher Wheelton gave it away.
auxiliary verb
1Used before a verb (except be, can, may, ought, shall, will) in questions and negative statements: do you have any pets? did he see me? I don’t smoke it does not matter...
  • Mum got back from holiday and said the house was so clean it didn't feel lived in.
  • This man noted in his diary that he did not usually lose his temper with servants.
  • The pain is usually felt on both sides may come on suddenly or gradually, and does not usually occur every day.
1.1Used to make tag questions: you write poetry, don’t you? I never seem to say the right thing, do I?...
  • You do like champagne, don't you, Charles?
  • You do understand, don't you?
  • I look all right, don't I?
1.2Used in negative commands: don’t be silly do not forget...
  • ‘Don't say that,’ I spat, ‘What do you know of it? Nothing!’
  • Don't forget you have to earn money before you can spend it.
  • You two kids have fun, and don't stay out too late.
2Used to refer back to a verb already mentioned: he looks better than he did before you wanted to enjoy yourself, and you did as they get smarter, so do the crooks I paid for my two tickets on the train and did so without complaint...
  • Yes, it does seem impossible that my cat could sleep more than he already does, but it is true.
  • Looks like he's going to be spending even more time on the bench than he does already.
  • This is going to affect myself and other residents even more than it does already.
3Used to give emphasis to a positive verb: I do want to act on this he did look tired...
  • He did seem very tired in the bath though so I think we might need to work on his stamina.
  • The film has a positive message because Bella does find friendship and love.
  • In the final act, the film does deliver a few surprises, but by that point it's far too late.
3.1Used in positive commands to give polite encouragement: do tell me! do sit down...
  • Do sit down and make yourself comfortable.
  • If you're in the Valley at that time, please do come to the event, it should be great.
  • ‘Do tell me all about your visit,’ she continued.
4Used with inversion of a subject and verb when an adverbial phrase begins a clause for emphasis: only rarely did they succumb not only did the play close, the theatre closed...
  • Rarely does a new Ring cycle begin with such confidence and lucidity, on stage and in the pit.
  • He first searches to find where Josh is up to and only then does he begin to teach.
  • Only at the turn of this year did he begin to secure headlines with his mouth shut.
noun (plural dos or do's)
1British informal A party or other social event: the soccer club Christmas do...
  • Such social dos are more or less confined to the well to do and the upwardly mobile class of young professionals.
  • She is a much sought after figure to grace social dos and functions even at the age of 80.
  • We often have do's, birthday parties, anniversary's, and I'm nearly 96.

Synonyms

party, reception, gathering, celebration, function, affair, event, social event, social occasion, social function, social;
French soirée;
West Indian jump-up;
Jewish simcha;
North American levee
informal bash, blowout, rave, shindig, shindy, shebang, junket
British informal rave-up, thrash, knees-up, jolly, beanfeast, bunfight, beano
Australian/New Zealand informal shivoo, rage, jollo
South African informal jol
informal, dated ding-dong
2 (also 'do) informal, chiefly North American short for hairdo. a bowl-shaped do of perfect silky hair...
  • I like your new do, Alex… very nice.
  • The women's hair is slicked back into boyish dos.
  • Local stylists offered bouffant 'dos in the shape of mushroom clouds.
3 (also doo) [mass noun] informal Excrement: the air was rancid with the smell of donkey doo figurative they’ll be the first to come begging for help when the do hits the fan...
  • It would be funny if many visitors to their properties had dog do on their shoes.
  • She laughed when she discovered dog doo could be subjected to DNA testing to help stop the flow of canine excrement landing on the condo complex's property.
  • The company's in deep financial doo, so can be bought cheap.
4 archaic, informal A swindle or hoax.

Phrases

be nothing to do with

be to do with

do a ——

do battle

don't —— me

do one

do or die

dos and don'ts

do well for oneself

do well out of

have (got) —— to do with

it isn't done

it won't do

no you don't!

that does it!

that's done it!

Phrasal verbs

do away with

do by

do someone/thing down

do for

do something (or nothing) for

do someone in

do something in

do someone out of

do something out

do someone over

do something over

do up

do someone up

do something up

do with

do without

Origin

Old English dōn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doen and German tun, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tithēmi 'I place' and Latin facere 'make, do'.

  • doom from Old English:

    The ancient root of doom meant ‘to put in place’ and is also the root of do (Old English). By the time that written English records began the emphasis had narrowed to putting law and order in place: the Old English senses of doom include ‘a law, statute’, ‘a judicial decision’, and ‘the right to judge’. In the context of the end of the world, the word ‘judgement’ was not used until the 16th century—before that the usual term for Judgement Day was doomsday (source of the name the Domesday Book for the survey of the land ordered by William the Conqueror in 1085 for tax purposes, because it was the final authority on such things). In the Middle Ages this was also shortened to doom, a use that survives only in the crack of doom. ‘ We're doomed!’ was the catchphrase of the gloomy Scottish undertaker Frazer, played by John Laurie, in the BBC TV comedy Dad's Army (1968–77). The 1947 musical Finian's Rainbow popularized gloom and doom, which became a catchphrase when it was made into a film in 1968. The idea seemed appropriate to a world threatened by nuclear war.

Rhymes

do2

/dəʊ /
noun
Variant spelling of doh1.
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更新时间:2024/9/22 4:38:37