单词	cross-subsidize
释义	cross-subsidize /krɒsˈsʌbsɪdʌɪz / (also cross-subsidise) verb [with object] Subsidize (a business or activity) out of the profits of another business or activity: busy services are cross-subsidizing off-peak ones... In any case, public sector institutions are able to cross-subsidise losses from Government-funded domestic student operations in a way that the private sector cannot. Central city residents might thus cross-subsidize the extension of services into distant suburbs. Well, it is the retail part of their businesses that cross-subsidises some of the other activities that pharmacists do. Derivatives cross-subsidization noun ... Most noticeably, privatization of infrastructure usually prevents cross-subsidization to enhance affordability for poor consumers. Clearly consumers would benefit but cross-subsidisation also has the nasty effect of reducing operational efficiency and, in so doing, shareholder value. That is, in economic terms, a cross-subsidisation of one by the other. cross-subsidy /ˌkrɒsˈsʌbsɪdi / noun ... There are two big problems with cross-subsidy as an approach to equity. To develop the discussion of natural monopoly and contestability, it is important to introduce three additional economic concepts: internal cross-subsidy, avoidable costs, and shared costs. They would be forced to cut the cross-subsidy and spin off their consulting operations with a ban on doing non-audit work for audit clients.
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