Definition of symposium in English:

symposium

nounPlural symposia, Plural symposiums sɪmˈpəʊzɪəmsɪmˈpoʊziəm

1A conference or meeting to discuss a particular subject.
Example sentencesExamples
- The institute commemorates the significant events of the Roosevelt era and helps maintain the legacy of two remarkable individuals by sponsoring conferences, symposia, and lectures on contemporary issues.
- They anticipate reaching more than 300,000 students nationwide by webcasts and closed-circuit TV coverage of conference symposia and workshops.
- An annual gathering, the congress was a mix of plenary lectures, symposiums and lectures on general medical topics related to nephrology.
- We also talked about the nature of the contemporary PhD and how difficult it is to get things like conferences and symposia organised.
- There are regularly held international and national assemblies, conferences and symposia devoted to the problem of rational use of the frequency resource.
- Success in research is measured by the production of research papers, presentations at meetings and symposia, the organization of conferences, and, not least important, the acquisition of substantial grant funds.
- As the governing body of the sport, the Society provides it members with conferences, symposiums, and retreats around the world to further their skills.
- The Federalist Society's commitment to fair and open debate can be seen by a small sampling of some participants in its meetings and symposiums.
- The symposium is an annual conference of dioxin researchers.
- After this, a symposium was held, discussing the nature of food in general and of salad in particular.
- In the past two years, colleges and universities have held a number of conferences and symposiums devoted to the issue.
- There is a long history behind the ICS; most of the early international geological congresses had symposia and meetings to debate and decide stratigraphical procedures and nomenclature.
- Seminars, symposia and conferences are also being held by hospital administrators, clinicians and nursing professionals to update the knowledge and understanding on the issues.
- She has produced scores of professional publications and reviews, delivered numerous lectures, and conducted many symposia and conference sessions.
- The abundance of conferences, symposia, workshops, colloquia, seminars, and other gatherings devoted to mathematical topics attests to a strong desire for interaction.
- We are talking about conferences, events, meetings, symposiums, lectures.
- There will be regular competitions, talent searches, discussions, meetings and symposiums to promote the cause of art.
- During this time gap of one year, we will conduct seminars, debates and symposiums at various schools and colleges.
- All of the developer conferences and symposiums are talking about how Web services will revolutionize the world.
- Carl is an extremely popular speaker, and is available to speak at a variety of meetings, including family retreats, weekend symposiums, home educators conferences and professional gatherings.
Synonyms
meeting, sitting, assembly, conclave, plenary
1. 1.1 A collection of essays or papers on a particular subject by a number of contributors.
  Example sentencesExamples
  That symposium includes eight papers relating to topics also considered here.
  There are 26 symposium papers included in this volume.
  Peter Holman, who writes the introductory essay to this symposium, is at pains to remove the obstruction.
  The contributions to the 1983 symposium highlighted the importance of neuropeptides as crustacean hormones.
  The following papers are contributions to a symposium on these topics presented at the 1999 meetings of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.
  The Journal accepted a paper for a symposium; but now it turns out that four years ago, a coauthor of the paper made what certainly seems like a racist statement.
  Based on research papers originally written for a symposium, it offers 19 essays, most of them lucid and perceptive.
  A second set of papers from the symposium will be included in a later issue of the Journal.
  Among other things, it's got a continuing symposium on legal education featuring essays from some of the brighter legal minds in the country.
  His prior books about large-scale social transformation have been the subjects of numerous review essays and university symposia, and some scholars view them as classics.
  This fifth question separates the contributors to the 1977 symposium from those in the 2002 volume.
  Both of these symposia contributed to the growing interest in thermal reaction norms for growth rate and body size, but neither was focused directly on these phenomena.
  As the accompanying papers and recent/forthcoming symposia on symbiosis in this journal exemplify particularly well, direct interactions of plants and animals have had a substantial impact on one another's evolution.
  Keith Young published over 100 papers and contributed to numerous symposia and field guides dealing with Mesozoic biostratigraphy.
  Perhaps special calls for manuscripts, papers, or organized symposia might be one avenue.
  The papers in this symposium are a result of the synergy that developed in those conversations.
  He is the only confessed believer in this symposium of essays.
  One of the contributors to the earlier symposium, but conspicuous by her absence in the recent one, was Ursula K. Le Guin, who will be seventy-five years old this year.
  Other contributors to this symposium are going to give general overviews of his contributions.
  In this article, I shall not attempt to deal with all of the areas covered by these differences, nor with the essays of all twelve contributors to Meyer's symposium.
2A drinking party or convivial discussion, especially as held in ancient Greece after a banquet (and notable as the title of a work by Plato).
Example sentencesExamples
- At the same time, there is a strong suggestion that the kind of formal drinking party that takes place in the Homeric palace is, like the Classical symposium, for men only.
- The intrinsic value of the materials employed predominates in the earlier model: the value of plate at an Athenian symposium, or the value of gold and ivory in the chryselephantine statues by Phidias.
- The symposium, or drinking party, would normally have been equipped with vessels of precious metal.
- Each evening, a livelier version of the talk took place in the ship's library, no doubt derived from the Greek meaning of symposia - a drinking party for men [and women.]
- Drinking among the upper classes of Persian society, for example, took place at secret parties reminiscent of Greek symposia with their strictly ritualized etiquette and emphasis on poetry and discussion.
- What inspired this period of dynamic creativity in the production of hydrias for symposia in the last third of the sixth century in Athens?
- One song was apparently written for a symposium (drinking party) given by Archidamus II king of Sparta.
- These meals included everyday meals, symposia, funerary banquets, sacrificial meals (often in temples), mystery cult meals, everyday Jewish meals, and Jewish festival meals.
- At the symposium, women danced and sang and performed on the double-reeded aulos (like an oboe or shawm), or lyre, having been hired, sometimes, on the street.
- It might seem surprising, therefore, that hydrias do not appear in images of symposia on Athenian pottery; however, this absence is not conclusive evidence for excluding them from the repertory of sympotic vessels.
- This raises the question of when the practice of mixing wine with water, well attested in the Classical symposium, first made its appearance in Greek lands.
- As established above, there is iconographical, inscriptional, and archaeological evidence linking hydrias to elite symposia.
Synonyms
lecture, speech, address, discourse, oration, presentation, report, sermon, disquisition, dissertation

Origin

Late 16th century (denoting a drinking party): via Latin from Greek sumposion, from sumpotēs 'fellow drinker', from sun- 'together' + potēs 'drinker'.

Definition of symposium in US English:

symposium

nounsɪmˈpoʊziəmsimˈpōzēəm

1A conference or meeting to discuss a particular subject.
Example sentencesExamples
- There are regularly held international and national assemblies, conferences and symposia devoted to the problem of rational use of the frequency resource.
- Carl is an extremely popular speaker, and is available to speak at a variety of meetings, including family retreats, weekend symposiums, home educators conferences and professional gatherings.
- The symposium is an annual conference of dioxin researchers.
- After this, a symposium was held, discussing the nature of food in general and of salad in particular.
- She has produced scores of professional publications and reviews, delivered numerous lectures, and conducted many symposia and conference sessions.
- There will be regular competitions, talent searches, discussions, meetings and symposiums to promote the cause of art.
- All of the developer conferences and symposiums are talking about how Web services will revolutionize the world.
- There is a long history behind the ICS; most of the early international geological congresses had symposia and meetings to debate and decide stratigraphical procedures and nomenclature.
- The institute commemorates the significant events of the Roosevelt era and helps maintain the legacy of two remarkable individuals by sponsoring conferences, symposia, and lectures on contemporary issues.
- They anticipate reaching more than 300,000 students nationwide by webcasts and closed-circuit TV coverage of conference symposia and workshops.
- In the past two years, colleges and universities have held a number of conferences and symposiums devoted to the issue.
- As the governing body of the sport, the Society provides it members with conferences, symposiums, and retreats around the world to further their skills.
- Success in research is measured by the production of research papers, presentations at meetings and symposia, the organization of conferences, and, not least important, the acquisition of substantial grant funds.
- Seminars, symposia and conferences are also being held by hospital administrators, clinicians and nursing professionals to update the knowledge and understanding on the issues.
- The abundance of conferences, symposia, workshops, colloquia, seminars, and other gatherings devoted to mathematical topics attests to a strong desire for interaction.
- During this time gap of one year, we will conduct seminars, debates and symposiums at various schools and colleges.
- We are talking about conferences, events, meetings, symposiums, lectures.
- An annual gathering, the congress was a mix of plenary lectures, symposiums and lectures on general medical topics related to nephrology.
- We also talked about the nature of the contemporary PhD and how difficult it is to get things like conferences and symposia organised.
- The Federalist Society's commitment to fair and open debate can be seen by a small sampling of some participants in its meetings and symposiums.
Synonyms
meeting, sitting, assembly, conclave, plenary
1. 1.1 A collection of essays or papers on a particular subject by a number of contributors.
  Example sentencesExamples
  There are 26 symposium papers included in this volume.
  The contributions to the 1983 symposium highlighted the importance of neuropeptides as crustacean hormones.
  One of the contributors to the earlier symposium, but conspicuous by her absence in the recent one, was Ursula K. Le Guin, who will be seventy-five years old this year.
  He is the only confessed believer in this symposium of essays.
  Based on research papers originally written for a symposium, it offers 19 essays, most of them lucid and perceptive.
  Both of these symposia contributed to the growing interest in thermal reaction norms for growth rate and body size, but neither was focused directly on these phenomena.
  His prior books about large-scale social transformation have been the subjects of numerous review essays and university symposia, and some scholars view them as classics.
  Peter Holman, who writes the introductory essay to this symposium, is at pains to remove the obstruction.
  The following papers are contributions to a symposium on these topics presented at the 1999 meetings of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.
  As the accompanying papers and recent/forthcoming symposia on symbiosis in this journal exemplify particularly well, direct interactions of plants and animals have had a substantial impact on one another's evolution.
  A second set of papers from the symposium will be included in a later issue of the Journal.
  Keith Young published over 100 papers and contributed to numerous symposia and field guides dealing with Mesozoic biostratigraphy.
  Other contributors to this symposium are going to give general overviews of his contributions.
  Perhaps special calls for manuscripts, papers, or organized symposia might be one avenue.
  Among other things, it's got a continuing symposium on legal education featuring essays from some of the brighter legal minds in the country.
  In this article, I shall not attempt to deal with all of the areas covered by these differences, nor with the essays of all twelve contributors to Meyer's symposium.
  That symposium includes eight papers relating to topics also considered here.
  The papers in this symposium are a result of the synergy that developed in those conversations.
  This fifth question separates the contributors to the 1977 symposium from those in the 2002 volume.
  The Journal accepted a paper for a symposium; but now it turns out that four years ago, a coauthor of the paper made what certainly seems like a racist statement.
2. 1.2 A drinking party or convivial discussion, especially as held in ancient Greece after a banquet (and notable as the title of a work by Plato).
  Example sentencesExamples
  At the symposium, women danced and sang and performed on the double-reeded aulos (like an oboe or shawm), or lyre, having been hired, sometimes, on the street.
  This raises the question of when the practice of mixing wine with water, well attested in the Classical symposium, first made its appearance in Greek lands.
  Drinking among the upper classes of Persian society, for example, took place at secret parties reminiscent of Greek symposia with their strictly ritualized etiquette and emphasis on poetry and discussion.
  As established above, there is iconographical, inscriptional, and archaeological evidence linking hydrias to elite symposia.
  The intrinsic value of the materials employed predominates in the earlier model: the value of plate at an Athenian symposium, or the value of gold and ivory in the chryselephantine statues by Phidias.
  These meals included everyday meals, symposia, funerary banquets, sacrificial meals (often in temples), mystery cult meals, everyday Jewish meals, and Jewish festival meals.
  Each evening, a livelier version of the talk took place in the ship's library, no doubt derived from the Greek meaning of symposia - a drinking party for men [and women.]
  At the same time, there is a strong suggestion that the kind of formal drinking party that takes place in the Homeric palace is, like the Classical symposium, for men only.
  It might seem surprising, therefore, that hydrias do not appear in images of symposia on Athenian pottery; however, this absence is not conclusive evidence for excluding them from the repertory of sympotic vessels.
  What inspired this period of dynamic creativity in the production of hydrias for symposia in the last third of the sixth century in Athens?
  One song was apparently written for a symposium (drinking party) given by Archidamus II king of Sparta.
  The symposium, or drinking party, would normally have been equipped with vessels of precious metal.
  Synonyms
  lecture, speech, address, discourse, oration, presentation, report, sermon, disquisition, dissertation

Origin

Late 16th century (denoting a drinking party): via Latin from Greek sumposion, from sumpotēs ‘fellow drinker’, from sun- ‘together’ + potēs ‘drinker’.

单词	symposium
释义	Definition of symposium in English: symposium nounPlural symposia, Plural symposiums sɪmˈpəʊzɪəmsɪmˈpoʊziəm 1A conference or meeting to discuss a particular subject. Example sentencesExamples The institute commemorates the significant events of the Roosevelt era and helps maintain the legacy of two remarkable individuals by sponsoring conferences, symposia, and lectures on contemporary issues. They anticipate reaching more than 300,000 students nationwide by webcasts and closed-circuit TV coverage of conference symposia and workshops. An annual gathering, the congress was a mix of plenary lectures, symposiums and lectures on general medical topics related to nephrology. We also talked about the nature of the contemporary PhD and how difficult it is to get things like conferences and symposia organised. There are regularly held international and national assemblies, conferences and symposia devoted to the problem of rational use of the frequency resource. Success in research is measured by the production of research papers, presentations at meetings and symposia, the organization of conferences, and, not least important, the acquisition of substantial grant funds. As the governing body of the sport, the Society provides it members with conferences, symposiums, and retreats around the world to further their skills. The Federalist Society's commitment to fair and open debate can be seen by a small sampling of some participants in its meetings and symposiums. The symposium is an annual conference of dioxin researchers. After this, a symposium was held, discussing the nature of food in general and of salad in particular. In the past two years, colleges and universities have held a number of conferences and symposiums devoted to the issue. There is a long history behind the ICS; most of the early international geological congresses had symposia and meetings to debate and decide stratigraphical procedures and nomenclature. Seminars, symposia and conferences are also being held by hospital administrators, clinicians and nursing professionals to update the knowledge and understanding on the issues. She has produced scores of professional publications and reviews, delivered numerous lectures, and conducted many symposia and conference sessions. The abundance of conferences, symposia, workshops, colloquia, seminars, and other gatherings devoted to mathematical topics attests to a strong desire for interaction. We are talking about conferences, events, meetings, symposiums, lectures. There will be regular competitions, talent searches, discussions, meetings and symposiums to promote the cause of art. During this time gap of one year, we will conduct seminars, debates and symposiums at various schools and colleges. All of the developer conferences and symposiums are talking about how Web services will revolutionize the world. Carl is an extremely popular speaker, and is available to speak at a variety of meetings, including family retreats, weekend symposiums, home educators conferences and professional gatherings. Synonyms meeting, sitting, assembly, conclave, plenary 1.1 A collection of essays or papers on a particular subject by a number of contributors. Example sentencesExamples That symposium includes eight papers relating to topics also considered here. There are 26 symposium papers included in this volume. Peter Holman, who writes the introductory essay to this symposium, is at pains to remove the obstruction. The contributions to the 1983 symposium highlighted the importance of neuropeptides as crustacean hormones. The following papers are contributions to a symposium on these topics presented at the 1999 meetings of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. The Journal accepted a paper for a symposium; but now it turns out that four years ago, a coauthor of the paper made what certainly seems like a racist statement. Based on research papers originally written for a symposium, it offers 19 essays, most of them lucid and perceptive. A second set of papers from the symposium will be included in a later issue of the Journal. Among other things, it's got a continuing symposium on legal education featuring essays from some of the brighter legal minds in the country. His prior books about large-scale social transformation have been the subjects of numerous review essays and university symposia, and some scholars view them as classics. This fifth question separates the contributors to the 1977 symposium from those in the 2002 volume. Both of these symposia contributed to the growing interest in thermal reaction norms for growth rate and body size, but neither was focused directly on these phenomena. As the accompanying papers and recent/forthcoming symposia on symbiosis in this journal exemplify particularly well, direct interactions of plants and animals have had a substantial impact on one another's evolution. Keith Young published over 100 papers and contributed to numerous symposia and field guides dealing with Mesozoic biostratigraphy. Perhaps special calls for manuscripts, papers, or organized symposia might be one avenue. The papers in this symposium are a result of the synergy that developed in those conversations. He is the only confessed believer in this symposium of essays. One of the contributors to the earlier symposium, but conspicuous by her absence in the recent one, was Ursula K. Le Guin, who will be seventy-five years old this year. Other contributors to this symposium are going to give general overviews of his contributions. In this article, I shall not attempt to deal with all of the areas covered by these differences, nor with the essays of all twelve contributors to Meyer's symposium. 2A drinking party or convivial discussion, especially as held in ancient Greece after a banquet (and notable as the title of a work by Plato). Example sentencesExamples At the same time, there is a strong suggestion that the kind of formal drinking party that takes place in the Homeric palace is, like the Classical symposium, for men only. The intrinsic value of the materials employed predominates in the earlier model: the value of plate at an Athenian symposium, or the value of gold and ivory in the chryselephantine statues by Phidias. The symposium, or drinking party, would normally have been equipped with vessels of precious metal. Each evening, a livelier version of the talk took place in the ship's library, no doubt derived from the Greek meaning of symposia - a drinking party for men [and women.] Drinking among the upper classes of Persian society, for example, took place at secret parties reminiscent of Greek symposia with their strictly ritualized etiquette and emphasis on poetry and discussion. What inspired this period of dynamic creativity in the production of hydrias for symposia in the last third of the sixth century in Athens? One song was apparently written for a symposium (drinking party) given by Archidamus II king of Sparta. These meals included everyday meals, symposia, funerary banquets, sacrificial meals (often in temples), mystery cult meals, everyday Jewish meals, and Jewish festival meals. At the symposium, women danced and sang and performed on the double-reeded aulos (like an oboe or shawm), or lyre, having been hired, sometimes, on the street. It might seem surprising, therefore, that hydrias do not appear in images of symposia on Athenian pottery; however, this absence is not conclusive evidence for excluding them from the repertory of sympotic vessels. This raises the question of when the practice of mixing wine with water, well attested in the Classical symposium, first made its appearance in Greek lands. As established above, there is iconographical, inscriptional, and archaeological evidence linking hydrias to elite symposia. Synonyms lecture, speech, address, discourse, oration, presentation, report, sermon, disquisition, dissertation Origin Late 16th century (denoting a drinking party): via Latin from Greek sumposion, from sumpotēs 'fellow drinker', from sun- 'together' + potēs 'drinker'. Definition of symposium in US English: symposium nounsɪmˈpoʊziəmsimˈpōzēəm 1A conference or meeting to discuss a particular subject. Example sentencesExamples There are regularly held international and national assemblies, conferences and symposia devoted to the problem of rational use of the frequency resource. Carl is an extremely popular speaker, and is available to speak at a variety of meetings, including family retreats, weekend symposiums, home educators conferences and professional gatherings. The symposium is an annual conference of dioxin researchers. After this, a symposium was held, discussing the nature of food in general and of salad in particular. She has produced scores of professional publications and reviews, delivered numerous lectures, and conducted many symposia and conference sessions. There will be regular competitions, talent searches, discussions, meetings and symposiums to promote the cause of art. All of the developer conferences and symposiums are talking about how Web services will revolutionize the world. There is a long history behind the ICS; most of the early international geological congresses had symposia and meetings to debate and decide stratigraphical procedures and nomenclature. The institute commemorates the significant events of the Roosevelt era and helps maintain the legacy of two remarkable individuals by sponsoring conferences, symposia, and lectures on contemporary issues. They anticipate reaching more than 300,000 students nationwide by webcasts and closed-circuit TV coverage of conference symposia and workshops. In the past two years, colleges and universities have held a number of conferences and symposiums devoted to the issue. As the governing body of the sport, the Society provides it members with conferences, symposiums, and retreats around the world to further their skills. Success in research is measured by the production of research papers, presentations at meetings and symposia, the organization of conferences, and, not least important, the acquisition of substantial grant funds. Seminars, symposia and conferences are also being held by hospital administrators, clinicians and nursing professionals to update the knowledge and understanding on the issues. The abundance of conferences, symposia, workshops, colloquia, seminars, and other gatherings devoted to mathematical topics attests to a strong desire for interaction. During this time gap of one year, we will conduct seminars, debates and symposiums at various schools and colleges. We are talking about conferences, events, meetings, symposiums, lectures. An annual gathering, the congress was a mix of plenary lectures, symposiums and lectures on general medical topics related to nephrology. We also talked about the nature of the contemporary PhD and how difficult it is to get things like conferences and symposia organised. The Federalist Society's commitment to fair and open debate can be seen by a small sampling of some participants in its meetings and symposiums. Synonyms meeting, sitting, assembly, conclave, plenary 1.1 A collection of essays or papers on a particular subject by a number of contributors. Example sentencesExamples There are 26 symposium papers included in this volume. The contributions to the 1983 symposium highlighted the importance of neuropeptides as crustacean hormones. One of the contributors to the earlier symposium, but conspicuous by her absence in the recent one, was Ursula K. Le Guin, who will be seventy-five years old this year. He is the only confessed believer in this symposium of essays. Based on research papers originally written for a symposium, it offers 19 essays, most of them lucid and perceptive. Both of these symposia contributed to the growing interest in thermal reaction norms for growth rate and body size, but neither was focused directly on these phenomena. His prior books about large-scale social transformation have been the subjects of numerous review essays and university symposia, and some scholars view them as classics. Peter Holman, who writes the introductory essay to this symposium, is at pains to remove the obstruction. The following papers are contributions to a symposium on these topics presented at the 1999 meetings of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. As the accompanying papers and recent/forthcoming symposia on symbiosis in this journal exemplify particularly well, direct interactions of plants and animals have had a substantial impact on one another's evolution. A second set of papers from the symposium will be included in a later issue of the Journal. Keith Young published over 100 papers and contributed to numerous symposia and field guides dealing with Mesozoic biostratigraphy. Other contributors to this symposium are going to give general overviews of his contributions. Perhaps special calls for manuscripts, papers, or organized symposia might be one avenue. Among other things, it's got a continuing symposium on legal education featuring essays from some of the brighter legal minds in the country. In this article, I shall not attempt to deal with all of the areas covered by these differences, nor with the essays of all twelve contributors to Meyer's symposium. That symposium includes eight papers relating to topics also considered here. The papers in this symposium are a result of the synergy that developed in those conversations. This fifth question separates the contributors to the 1977 symposium from those in the 2002 volume. The Journal accepted a paper for a symposium; but now it turns out that four years ago, a coauthor of the paper made what certainly seems like a racist statement. 1.2 A drinking party or convivial discussion, especially as held in ancient Greece after a banquet (and notable as the title of a work by Plato). Example sentencesExamples At the symposium, women danced and sang and performed on the double-reeded aulos (like an oboe or shawm), or lyre, having been hired, sometimes, on the street. This raises the question of when the practice of mixing wine with water, well attested in the Classical symposium, first made its appearance in Greek lands. Drinking among the upper classes of Persian society, for example, took place at secret parties reminiscent of Greek symposia with their strictly ritualized etiquette and emphasis on poetry and discussion. As established above, there is iconographical, inscriptional, and archaeological evidence linking hydrias to elite symposia. The intrinsic value of the materials employed predominates in the earlier model: the value of plate at an Athenian symposium, or the value of gold and ivory in the chryselephantine statues by Phidias. These meals included everyday meals, symposia, funerary banquets, sacrificial meals (often in temples), mystery cult meals, everyday Jewish meals, and Jewish festival meals. Each evening, a livelier version of the talk took place in the ship's library, no doubt derived from the Greek meaning of symposia - a drinking party for men [and women.] At the same time, there is a strong suggestion that the kind of formal drinking party that takes place in the Homeric palace is, like the Classical symposium, for men only. It might seem surprising, therefore, that hydrias do not appear in images of symposia on Athenian pottery; however, this absence is not conclusive evidence for excluding them from the repertory of sympotic vessels. What inspired this period of dynamic creativity in the production of hydrias for symposia in the last third of the sixth century in Athens? One song was apparently written for a symposium (drinking party) given by Archidamus II king of Sparta. The symposium, or drinking party, would normally have been equipped with vessels of precious metal. Synonyms lecture, speech, address, discourse, oration, presentation, report, sermon, disquisition, dissertation Origin Late 16th century (denoting a drinking party): via Latin from Greek sumposion, from sumpotēs ‘fellow drinker’, from sun- ‘together’ + potēs ‘drinker’.
随便看	french carte blanche French casement French chalk french chambré french château french ci-devant French clock French colonial french comme il faut french compte rendu french confrère French Congo french coulisse french coup de grâce french coup de maître french coup d'état French cricket French crown French cruller french crème de la crème French cuff French curve French-cut french cut French, Daniel Chester