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单词 alkylate
释义

Definition of alkylate in English:

alkylate

verb ˈalkɪleɪtˈalkəˌlāt
[with object]usually as adjective alkylating" or "alkylatedChemistry
  • Introduce an alkyl radical into (a compound)

    alkylating agents
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Consistent with these functions, mei - 41 mutants are sensitive to hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of DNA replication, and DNA-damaging agents such as X-ray and alkylating agents.
    • There has been some investigation into the natural alkylating agent 4-ipomeanol, but investigation was suspended after the first clinical trials.
    • Several different types of drugs have been developed - alkylating agents, for example, inhibit cell division, whilst anti-metabolites interfere with enzyme systems and block vital processes.
    • The mms4 mutant has previously been found to be sensitive to alkylating agents such as MMS, weakly sensitive to ultraviolet light, and resistant to X rays.
    • Parp is activated by DNA strand breaks induced by alkylating agents.
    • Acute leukemia frequently has been described as a late complication of chemotherapy with alkylating agents in patients treated for multiple myeloma.
    • We found that it is also hypersensitive to various DNA-damaging agents, including UV irradiation and the DNA alkylating agent MMS.
    • PARP is a nuclear enzyme activated by DNA strand breaks induced by alkylating agents or X-rays.
    • The major categories are alkylating agents, antimetabolites, plant alkaloids, anti-tumor antibiotics, and steroid hormones.
    • The chlorinated nitrosamines showed stronger mutagenicity than non-chlorinated nitrosamines, indicating that alkylating activity was strengthened by the presence of a chloro group.
    • All four mutant lines displayed an increased sensitivity to the bifunctional alkylating agent mitomycin C.
    • Chemical mutagens are classified as alkylating agents, cross-linking agents, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
    • Methyl methanesulfonate and cyclophosphamide are alkylating agents that differ in their mode of action.
    • Two men discovered that in the presence of Lewis acids (such as aluminum chloride or ferric chloride), alkyl halides will alkylate benzenes.

Derivatives

  • alkylation

  • noun alkəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
    Chemistry
    • The same sample was resolved into 7 distinct spots by acrylamide alkylation.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Likewise the mustard nitrogen of chlorambucil should not be covalently joined to antibody, since it must be free to generate the toxic aziridinium ion responsible for DNA alkylation.
      • These reactions occur via acylation or alkylation and are often rapid, forming stable primary amide or secondary amine bonds.
      • Small alterations to bases, including oxidation and alkylation, are mainly repaired by the pathway known as base excision repair.
      • Important synthetic methodology also exists for the alkylation of enolate ions.
 
 

Definition of alkylate in US English:

alkylate

verbˈalkəˌlāt
[with object]usually as adjective alkylating" or "alkylatedChemistry
  • Introduce an alkyl radical into (a compound)

    alkylating agents
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Consistent with these functions, mei - 41 mutants are sensitive to hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of DNA replication, and DNA-damaging agents such as X-ray and alkylating agents.
    • Acute leukemia frequently has been described as a late complication of chemotherapy with alkylating agents in patients treated for multiple myeloma.
    • There has been some investigation into the natural alkylating agent 4-ipomeanol, but investigation was suspended after the first clinical trials.
    • Parp is activated by DNA strand breaks induced by alkylating agents.
    • The mms4 mutant has previously been found to be sensitive to alkylating agents such as MMS, weakly sensitive to ultraviolet light, and resistant to X rays.
    • We found that it is also hypersensitive to various DNA-damaging agents, including UV irradiation and the DNA alkylating agent MMS.
    • The chlorinated nitrosamines showed stronger mutagenicity than non-chlorinated nitrosamines, indicating that alkylating activity was strengthened by the presence of a chloro group.
    • Several different types of drugs have been developed - alkylating agents, for example, inhibit cell division, whilst anti-metabolites interfere with enzyme systems and block vital processes.
    • Methyl methanesulfonate and cyclophosphamide are alkylating agents that differ in their mode of action.
    • Chemical mutagens are classified as alkylating agents, cross-linking agents, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
    • The major categories are alkylating agents, antimetabolites, plant alkaloids, anti-tumor antibiotics, and steroid hormones.
    • Two men discovered that in the presence of Lewis acids (such as aluminum chloride or ferric chloride), alkyl halides will alkylate benzenes.
    • PARP is a nuclear enzyme activated by DNA strand breaks induced by alkylating agents or X-rays.
    • All four mutant lines displayed an increased sensitivity to the bifunctional alkylating agent mitomycin C.
 
 
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更新时间:2024/12/23 22:22:11