请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 saltation
释义

Definition of saltation in English:

saltation

noun sɒlˈteɪʃ(ə)nsalˈteɪʃ(ə)nsɔːlˈteɪʃ(ə)nˌsɔlˈteɪʃən
mass noun
  • 1Biology
    Abrupt evolutionary change; sudden large-scale mutation.

    new genetic characters appear suddenly by saltation
    count noun a new concept of evolution by saltations or sudden transitions
    Example sentencesExamples
    • He gave examples of new races formed in sudden jumps or saltations to illustrate that ‘the evolution of organisms may… be a much more rapid process than Darwin believes.’
    • In a phylogenetic dendrogram, branches and twigs here and there show saltations into a new grade.
    • In particular, where Darwin had seen evolution and a slow, gradual, continuous process, Huxley thought that an evolving lineage might make rapid jumps, or saltations.
    • But accepting the data at face value raises the interesting possibility that hierarchy may be quite labile, that hierarchical saltations may be relatively easy in evolution.
    • Lyons next examines Huxley's conversion from saltation to gradualism, predicated to a great degree on his own studies of Archaeopteryx and relationships among reptiles, dinosaurs, and birds.
  • 2Geology
    The transport of hard particles over an uneven surface in a turbulent flow of air or water.

    the distance travelled by each grain during saltation
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Eroded sediment can be transported by creep, saltation, or suspension, and where much fine soil or sediment is present, dust clouds can result.
    • Although the dunes near Parker seem to be an extension of this same sandflow path, Muhs says that saltation couldn't carry grains of sand across the Colorado River.
    • Atreya then went on to show that substantially greater quantities of H2O2 can be produced by triboelectric fields in dust devils and dust storms and through saltation.
    • This process, in which sand grains bounce downwind, is called saltation.
  • 3archaic The action of leaping or dancing.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • In addition to the dorso-ventral flexion seen during saltation, the sacroiliac joint often allows varying degrees of lateral movement.
    • These actions are important in the effective use of the hindlimbs during terrestrial saltation and swimming.
    Synonyms
    leap, jump, bound, vault, hop

Derivatives

  • saltatory

  • adjective ˈsaltət(ə)riˈsɒltət(ə)riˈsɔːltət(ə)ri
    • The saltatory nature of this type of flight results in extreme linear and angular displacements of the bird's body; however, birds isolate their heads from these accelerations with cervical reflexes.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • His intriguing take on evolution proposed that the apparent saltation of the fossil record actually reflected saltatory events.
      • The species possesses paired, elongate lateral spines that function in saltatory sweeping motions in response to sheer disturbances by predators.
      • The cytoskeleton is involved in the saltatory movement of organelles such as mitochondria or in the fusion of endosomes with primary lysosomes.
      • The myelin acts as a layer of high electrical resistance and low capacitance, facilitating the rapid saltatory conduction of electrical impulses from node to node for long distances along axons that may be up to 1 m in length.

Origin

Early 17th century (in sense 3): from Latin saltatio(n-), from saltare 'to dance', frequentative of salire 'to leap'.

 
 

Definition of saltation in US English:

saltation

nounˌsɔlˈteɪʃənˌsôlˈtāSHən
  • 1Biology
    Abrupt evolutionary change; sudden large-scale mutation.

    new genetic characters appear suddenly by saltation
    count noun a new concept of evolution by saltations or sudden transitions
    Example sentencesExamples
    • In particular, where Darwin had seen evolution and a slow, gradual, continuous process, Huxley thought that an evolving lineage might make rapid jumps, or saltations.
    • But accepting the data at face value raises the interesting possibility that hierarchy may be quite labile, that hierarchical saltations may be relatively easy in evolution.
    • Lyons next examines Huxley's conversion from saltation to gradualism, predicated to a great degree on his own studies of Archaeopteryx and relationships among reptiles, dinosaurs, and birds.
    • He gave examples of new races formed in sudden jumps or saltations to illustrate that ‘the evolution of organisms may… be a much more rapid process than Darwin believes.’
    • In a phylogenetic dendrogram, branches and twigs here and there show saltations into a new grade.
  • 2Geology
    The movement of hard particles such as sand over an uneven surface in a turbulent flow of air or water.

    the distance traveled by each grain during saltation
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Although the dunes near Parker seem to be an extension of this same sandflow path, Muhs says that saltation couldn't carry grains of sand across the Colorado River.
    • Eroded sediment can be transported by creep, saltation, or suspension, and where much fine soil or sediment is present, dust clouds can result.
    • This process, in which sand grains bounce downwind, is called saltation.
    • Atreya then went on to show that substantially greater quantities of H2O2 can be produced by triboelectric fields in dust devils and dust storms and through saltation.
  • 3archaic The action of leaping or dancing.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • These actions are important in the effective use of the hindlimbs during terrestrial saltation and swimming.
    • In addition to the dorso-ventral flexion seen during saltation, the sacroiliac joint often allows varying degrees of lateral movement.
    Synonyms
    leap, jump, bound, vault, hop

Origin

Early 17th century (in saltation (sense 3)): from Latin saltatio(n-), from saltare ‘to dance’, frequentative of salire ‘to leap’.

 
 
随便看

 

英语词典包含464360条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/12/23 18:36:08