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单词 paraffin
释义

Definition of paraffin in English:

paraffin

noun ˈparəfɪnˈpɛrəfən
British
  • 1mass noun A flammable, whitish, translucent, waxy solid consisting of a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons, obtained by distillation from petroleum or shale and used in candles, cosmetics, polishes, and sealing and waterproofing compounds.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • This engine, like other hybrids, uses nitrous oxide as liquid oxidizer, but uses paraffin rather than rubber as the engine's solid fuel.
    • Tissue dehydration was accomplished by submerging samples in a series of ethanol: tertiary butyl alcohol, and embedding them in small blocks of solid paraffin.
    • Most candles contain paraffin, a petroleum-based wax that produces black soot when burned.
    • For light microscopy, several media such as paraffin, polyethylene glycol and resin, have been used to embed plant tissues.
    1. 1.1 A colourless, flammable, oily liquid similarly obtained and used as fuel, especially kerosene.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Most villagers use woodfire to cook meals, because they cannot afford the alternatives, electric stoves and paraffin.
      • As renewable sources of fuel, such as wood become scarce it is important for any society to make the transition to mass-produced fuels such as coal or paraffin, and then later shift to electricity or gas.
      • The four-cylinder engine could develop 30 h.p. using paraffin as fuel, no doubt more on petrol, then not as easily available.
      • Many rural people, and those living in a semi-urban situation, had to find their fuel from coal, paraffin, and especially timber.
      • He also made regular trips to Kilbeg Creamery for paraffin for his heater.
    2. 1.2Chemistry
      old-fashioned term for alkane
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Like pentane, paraffins are alkanes - hydrocarbon molecules that have as many hydrogen atoms as the molecule's carbon backbone can accommodate.
      • Because kerosene belongs to the family of hydrocarbons called alkanes or paraffins, it is sometimes referred to as paraffin oil, in addition to the nicknames coal oil, lamp oil, and illuminating oil.

Origin

Mid 19th century: from German, from Latin parum 'little' + affinis 'related' (from its low reactivity).

  • This word first appeared in 1830 in German, coined by the chemist Karl Reichenbach from the Latin parum ‘little’ and affinis ‘related’ (also the source of affinity (Middle English)) because of its low chemical reactivity. It was in use in English within five years.

 
 

Definition of paraffin in US English:

paraffin

nounˈpɛrəfənˈperəfən
British
  • 1mass noun A flammable, whitish, translucent, waxy solid consisting of a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons, obtained by distillation from petroleum or shale and used in candles, cosmetics, polishes, and sealing and waterproofing compounds.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Tissue dehydration was accomplished by submerging samples in a series of ethanol: tertiary butyl alcohol, and embedding them in small blocks of solid paraffin.
    • This engine, like other hybrids, uses nitrous oxide as liquid oxidizer, but uses paraffin rather than rubber as the engine's solid fuel.
    • For light microscopy, several media such as paraffin, polyethylene glycol and resin, have been used to embed plant tissues.
    • Most candles contain paraffin, a petroleum-based wax that produces black soot when burned.
    1. 1.1 A colorless, flammable, oily liquid similarly obtained and used as fuel, especially kerosene.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • As renewable sources of fuel, such as wood become scarce it is important for any society to make the transition to mass-produced fuels such as coal or paraffin, and then later shift to electricity or gas.
      • Many rural people, and those living in a semi-urban situation, had to find their fuel from coal, paraffin, and especially timber.
      • Most villagers use woodfire to cook meals, because they cannot afford the alternatives, electric stoves and paraffin.
      • He also made regular trips to Kilbeg Creamery for paraffin for his heater.
      • The four-cylinder engine could develop 30 h.p. using paraffin as fuel, no doubt more on petrol, then not as easily available.
    2. 1.2Chemistry
      old-fashioned term for alkane
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Like pentane, paraffins are alkanes - hydrocarbon molecules that have as many hydrogen atoms as the molecule's carbon backbone can accommodate.
      • Because kerosene belongs to the family of hydrocarbons called alkanes or paraffins, it is sometimes referred to as paraffin oil, in addition to the nicknames coal oil, lamp oil, and illuminating oil.

Origin

Mid 19th century: from German, from Latin parum ‘little’ + affinis ‘related’ (from its low reactivity).

 
 
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更新时间:2024/12/23 13:49:59