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单词 phenol
释义

Definition of phenol in English:

phenol

noun ˈfiːnɒlˈfiˌnɔl
mass nounChemistry
  • 1A mildly acidic toxic white crystalline solid obtained from coal tar and used in chemical manufacture, and in dilute form (under the name carbolic) as a disinfectant.

    Chemical formula: C₆H₅OH

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Industrially, benzene is used in the manufacture of nylon, phenol, styrene (and by polymerization polystyrene), and cyclohexane.
    • But the fungicide, voronate, phenol and possibly ethyl acetate were among the chemicals of greatest concern to the marine environment.
    • He cited examples of two key raw materials namely phenol and aniline, which are required to manufacture leather chemicals, pigments, dyestuff and rubber chemicals.
    • Alternatively, low percentages of chemicals such as phenol, menthol, and camphor can be added to moisturizing lotions for added anti-itch benefit.
    • Believing that not all samples of aniline oil worked consistently, Ziehl substituted phenol (carbolic acid) in its place.
    1. 1.1count noun Any compound with a hydroxyl group linked directly to a benzene ring.
      many of these molecules are phenols
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Furfural reacts with phenols, ketones, and esters as an aldehyde; removal of the aldehyde group yields furan, which is converted to tetrahydrofuran, used in the manufacture of nylon.
      • Berries are also high in phenols such as ellagic acid, an antioxidant that protects the body's cells.
      • Anaerobic metabolism of peptides and proteins by the microflora produces short-chain fatty acids and a series of potentially toxic substances including ammonia, amines, phenols, thiols, and indols 32.
      • The warmer operating temperature of ale yeast encourages a faster, more vigorous fermentation that creates aromatic compounds known as phenols and esters.
      • Sebacic acid can be synthesized from phenols and cresols, but castor oil oxidation is considered a ‘greener’ process.

Derivatives

  • phenolic

  • adjective fɪˈnɒlɪkfiˈnɑlɪk
    Chemistry
    • The diazonium salt can also be reacted and joined to phenolic groups and amines to give azo compounds.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • In general, alkalis do not react with alcohols, but they do react with phenolic compounds.
      • Soy protein is inexpensive and renewable, but it lacks the unique amino acid with phenolic hydroxyl groups that provide adhesive properties.
      • Other natural antimicrobials include the phenolic compounds thymol, found in thyme, oregano and sage, and eugenol, the main flavour ingredient of cloves and allspice.
      • Varnishes may be based on phenolic, alkyd, epoxy or polyurethane resins.

Origin

Mid 19th century: from French phénole, based on phène 'benzene'.

 
 

Definition of phenol in US English:

phenol

nounˈfiˌnɔlˈfēˌnôl
Chemistry
  • 1A mildly acidic toxic white crystalline solid obtained from coal tar and used in chemical manufacture, and in dilute form (under the name carbolic) as a disinfectant.

    Chemical formula: C₆H₅OH

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Believing that not all samples of aniline oil worked consistently, Ziehl substituted phenol (carbolic acid) in its place.
    • Alternatively, low percentages of chemicals such as phenol, menthol, and camphor can be added to moisturizing lotions for added anti-itch benefit.
    • Industrially, benzene is used in the manufacture of nylon, phenol, styrene (and by polymerization polystyrene), and cyclohexane.
    • He cited examples of two key raw materials namely phenol and aniline, which are required to manufacture leather chemicals, pigments, dyestuff and rubber chemicals.
    • But the fungicide, voronate, phenol and possibly ethyl acetate were among the chemicals of greatest concern to the marine environment.
    1. 1.1 Any compound with a hydroxyl group linked directly to a benzene ring.
      many of these molecules are phenols
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Berries are also high in phenols such as ellagic acid, an antioxidant that protects the body's cells.
      • Anaerobic metabolism of peptides and proteins by the microflora produces short-chain fatty acids and a series of potentially toxic substances including ammonia, amines, phenols, thiols, and indols 32.
      • The warmer operating temperature of ale yeast encourages a faster, more vigorous fermentation that creates aromatic compounds known as phenols and esters.
      • Sebacic acid can be synthesized from phenols and cresols, but castor oil oxidation is considered a ‘greener’ process.
      • Furfural reacts with phenols, ketones, and esters as an aldehyde; removal of the aldehyde group yields furan, which is converted to tetrahydrofuran, used in the manufacture of nylon.

Origin

Mid 19th century: from French phénole, based on phène ‘benzene’.

 
 
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更新时间:2024/12/23 9:28:47