Definition of ribosome in English:
ribosome
noun ˈrʌɪbə(ʊ)səʊmˈraɪbəˌsoʊm
Biochemistry A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.
Example sentencesExamples
- This necessitated a mechanism for the import of the now nucleus-encoded proteins, which are synthesized at free ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
- Motors, such as RNA polymerases and ribosomes, produce trailing strands of mRNA and protein, respectively.
- The smallest RNA component of almost all ribosomes is 5S ribosomal RNA.
- Since these patterns are almost identical, it would appear that HMP associates with ribosomes or ribosomal proteins.
- Thus transcribing RNA polymerases and ribosomes may all be bound to the same RNA molecule while marching in the same direction.
Derivatives
adjective
Biochemistry Almost all eukaryotes have multiple copies of their nuclear ribosomal RNA cistrons, arranged in a long tandem array.
Example sentencesExamples
- Gene order changes involving protein-encoding and ribosomal RNA genes are rare events within most animal phyla.
- We also prepared primer pairs for the 18S ribosomal RNA gene to use as an internal control.
- Both subunits are composed of long RNA strands complexed with ribosomal proteins.
- Nuclear organizer regions are loops of nucleolar DNA transcribing to ribosomal RNA.
Origin
1950s: from ribonucleic acid + -some3.