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单词 nucleophilic
释义

Definition of nucleophilic in English:

nucleophilic

adjective ˌnjuːklɪə(ʊ)ˈfɪlɪkˌn(y)o͞oklēōˈfilik
Chemistry
  • (of a molecule or group) having a tendency to donate electrons or react at electron-poor sites such as protons.

    Often contrasted with electrophilic
    Example sentencesExamples
    • EO is a direct-acting mutagen that reacts with nucleophilic molecules, including DNA, causing gene mutation and chromosome deletions in somatic cells.
    • One highly characteristic reaction of aldehydes and ketones is nucleophilic addition to the carbon-oxygen double bond.
    • The most common substitution reactions of compounds of non-metallic elements are nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution.
    • In the case of aldehydes and ketones containing carbonyl groups, the highly nucleophilic Grignard reagent contributes its electron pair to form a bond with the carbon atom.
    • Methyl lithium is very reactive and acts as a nucleophilic methylating reagent to electrophilic functional groups, such as ketones.

Derivatives

  • nucleophile

  • noun ˈnjuːklɪə(ʊ)fʌɪlˈn(j)uklioʊˌfaɪl
    Chemistry
    • A molecule or substance that has a tendency to donate electrons or react at electron-poor sites such as protons.

      nucleophiles are produced in the formation of acids and bases
      Example sentencesExamples
      • In a similar way, both hydroxide ions and water molecules may act as nucleophiles by reacting with alkyl halides to produce alcohols.
      • Unlike hydrocarbon based aromatics, which react most readily with electrophiles, perfluoro-aromatics and heterocyclic ring systems react better with nucleophiles.
      • The reactions can involve either anionic nucleophiles such as iodide ion or neutral molecules such as amines.
 
 

Definition of nucleophilic in US English:

nucleophilic

adjectiveˌn(y)o͞oklēōˈfilik
Chemistry
  • (of a molecule or group) having a tendency to donate electrons or react at electron-poor sites such as protons.

    Often contrasted with electrophilic
    Example sentencesExamples
    • EO is a direct-acting mutagen that reacts with nucleophilic molecules, including DNA, causing gene mutation and chromosome deletions in somatic cells.
    • Methyl lithium is very reactive and acts as a nucleophilic methylating reagent to electrophilic functional groups, such as ketones.
    • One highly characteristic reaction of aldehydes and ketones is nucleophilic addition to the carbon-oxygen double bond.
    • In the case of aldehydes and ketones containing carbonyl groups, the highly nucleophilic Grignard reagent contributes its electron pair to form a bond with the carbon atom.
    • The most common substitution reactions of compounds of non-metallic elements are nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution.
 
 
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更新时间:2024/12/23 9:15:05