Basal cell cancer
basal cell carcinoma
A usually indolent skin cancer that is most common in the sun-exposed regions of the head, neck and upper body in older individuals.Management
Local excision; in areas where tissue border may compromise function or appearance (e.g., angle of eyes, eyelids, nose), Mohs surgery may be indicated.
Pathogenesis
Basal cell carcinomas appear to arise from two distinct cell types: interfollicular epidermal basal keratinocytes, which are hedgehog-driven tumours, and follicular epidermal basal keratinocytes, which arise from the so-called bulge stem.
Types
• Adenoid basal cell carcinoma.
• Basosquamous basal cell carcinoma.
• Cystic basal cell carcinoma.
• Fibroepithelial basal cell carcinoma.
• Infiltrating basal cell carcinoma.
• Infundibulo-cystic basal cell carcinoma.
• Keratotic basal cell carcinoma.
• Metatypical basal cell carcinoma.
• Micronodular basal cell carcinoma.
• Nodular (solid) basal cell carcinoma.
• Pigmented basal cell carcinoma.
• Sclerosing basal cell carcinoma.
• Superficial basal cell carcinoma.
• Adenomatoid basal cell carcinoma.
• Clear cell basal cell carcinoma.
• Follicular basal cell carcinoma.
• Giant cell basal cell carcinoma.
• Granular cell basal cell carcinoma.
• Pleomorphic basal cell carcinoma.
• Signet ring basal cell carcinoma.
• Basal cell carcinomas with adnexal differentiation (eccrine, apocrine and sebaceous).
• Basal cell carcinoma with matricial differentiation.
• Basal cell carcinoma with myoepithelial differentiation.
• Basal cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation.