front

F0336600 (frŭnt)n.1. The forward part or surface, as of a building.2. The area, location, or position directly before or ahead.3. A position of leadership or superiority.4. The forehead or face, especially of a bird or other animal.5. a. Demeanor or bearing, especially in the presence of danger or difficulty.b. An outward, often feigned, appearance or manner: They put up a good front.6. a. Land bordering a lake, river, or street.b. A promenade along the water at a resort.7. A detachable part of a dress shirt covering the chest; a dickey.8. a. The most forward line of a combat force.b. The area of contact between opposing combat forces; a battlefront.9. Meteorology The interface between air masses of different temperatures or densities.10. A field of activity: the economic front.11. a. A group or movement uniting various individuals or organizations for the achievement of a common purpose; a coalition.b. A nominal leader lacking in real authority; a figurehead.c. An apparently respectable person, group, or business used as a cover for secret or illegal activities.12. Archaic a. The first part; the beginning.b. The face; the countenance.adj.1. Of, relating to, aimed at, or located in the front: the front lines; the front row; front property on Lake Tahoe.2. Linguistics Designating vowels produced at or toward the front of the oral cavity, such as the vowels of green and get.v. front·ed, front·ing, fronts v.tr.1. To look out on; face: a house that fronts the ocean.2. To meet in opposition; confront.3. To provide a front for.4. To serve as a front for.5. Music To lead (a group of musicians): "Goodman ... became the first major white bandleader to front an integrated group" (Bill Barol).6. Informal To provide before payment: "In ... personal liability suits, a lawyer is fronting both time and money" (Richard Faille).7. Linguistics To move (a word or phrase) to the beginning of a clause or sentence, typically for emphasis or contrast.8. Linguistics To cause (a vowel) to be pronounced farther toward the front of the oral cavity.v.intr.1. To have a front; face onto something else: Her property fronts on the highway.2. To provide an apparently respectable cover for secret or illegal activities: fronting for organized crime.interj. Used by a desk clerk in a hotel to summon a bellhop.Idiom: front and center In the most prominent position.

[Middle English, from Old French, from Latin frōns, front-, forehead, front.]

front

(frʌnt) n1. that part or side that is forward, prominent, or most often seen or used2. a position or place directly before or ahead: a fountain stood at the front of the building. 3. the beginning, opening, or first part: the front of the book. 4. the position of leadership; forefront; vanguard: in the front of scientific knowledge. 5. land bordering a lake, street, etc6. land along a seashore or large lake, esp a promenade7. (Military) military a. the total area in which opposing armies face each otherb. the lateral space in which a military unit or formation is operating: to advance on a broad front. c. the direction in which troops are facing when in a formed line8. (Physical Geography) meteorol the dividing line or plane between two air masses or water masses of different origins and having different characteristics. See also warm front, cold front9. outward aspect or bearing, as when dealing with a situation: a bold front. 10. assurance, overconfidence, or effrontery11. informal a business or other activity serving as a respectable cover for another, usually criminal, organization12. chiefly US a nominal leader of an organization, etc, who lacks real power or authority; figurehead13. informal outward appearance of rank or wealth14. a particular field of activity involving some kind of struggle: on the wages front. 15. a group of people with a common goal: a national liberation front. 16. (Clothing & Fashion) a false shirt front; a dicky17. (Anatomy) archaic the forehead or the faceadj (prenominal) 18. of, at, or in the front: a front seat. 19. (Phonetics & Phonology) phonetics of, relating to, or denoting a vowel articulated with the blade of the tongue brought forward and raised towards the hard palate, as for the sound of ee in English see or a in English hat20. on the front foot at an advantage, outclassing and outmanoeuvring one's opponentsvb21. (when: intr, foll by on or onto) to be opposite (to); face (onto): this house fronts the river. 22. (tr) to be a front of or for23. (Broadcasting) (tr) informal to appear as a presenter in (a television show)24. (Music, other) (tr) to be the lead singer or player in (a band)25. (tr) to confront, esp in hostility or opposition26. (tr) to supply a front for27. informal (often foll by: up) Austral and NZ to appear (at): to front up at the police station. [C13 (in the sense: forehead, face): from Latin frōns forehead, foremost part] ˈfrontless adj

front

(frʌnt)

n. 1. the foremost part or surface of anything. 2. the part or side of anything that faces forward: the front of a jacket. 3. the part or side of anything, as a building, that seems to look out or to be directed forward: We sat in the front of the restaurant. 4. any side or face, as of a house. 5. a facade, considered with respect to its architectural treatment or material: a cast-iron front. 6. a property line along a street or the like: a fifty-foot front. 7. a place or position directly before anything. 8. a position of leadership in a particular endeavor or field: She rose to the front of her profession. 9. a. the foremost line or part of an army. b. a line of battle. c. the place where combat operations are carried on. 10. an area of activity, conflict, or competition: news from the business front. 11. land facing a road, river, etc.; frontage. 12. a distinguished person listed as an official of an organization for the sake of prestige but usu. inactive. 13. a person or thing that serves as a cover or disguise for some other activity, esp. one of a secret, disreputable, or illegal nature; a blind: The store was a front for gamblers. 14. outward impression of rank, position, or wealth. 15. bearing or demeanor in confronting anything: a calm front. 16. the forehead, or the entire face. 17. a coalition or movement to achieve a particular end, usu. political: the people's front. 18. an article of clothing worn over the breast, as a dickey. 19. an interface or zone of transition between two dissimilar air masses. 20. a. the auditorium of a theater. b. the business offices of a theater. c. the front of the stage; downstage. adj. 21. of or pertaining to the front. 22. situated in or at the front: front seats. 23. (of a speech sound) articulated with the tongue blade relatively far forward in the mouth, as either of the sounds of tea. v.t. 24. to have the front toward; face: Our house fronts the lake. 25. to meet face to face; confront. 26. to face in opposition, hostility, or defiance. 27. to furnish or supply a front to: to front a building with sandstone. 28. to serve as a front to: A long, sloping lawn fronted their house. 29. to lead (a jazz or dance band). v.i. 30. to have or turn the front in some specified direction: Our house fronts on the lake. 31. to serve as a cover or disguise for another activity, esp. something of a disreputable or illegal nature: The shop fronts for a narcotics ring. interj. 32. (used to call or command someone to come, look, etc., to the front, as in an order to troops on parade or in calling a hotel bellboy to the front desk). Idioms: 1. in front, in a forward place or position. 2. in front of, a. ahead of. b. outside the entrance of. c. in the presence of. 3. out front, a. outside the entrance. b. ahead of competitors. c. in or toward the theater audience or auditorium. d. Informal. candidly; frankly. 4. up front, Informal. a. in advance. b. frank; open; direct. [1250–1300; Middle English frount, front < Anglo-French, Old French < Latin frontem, acc. of frōns forehead, brow, front]

frontcold front (left) and warm front (right)

front

(frŭnt) The boundary between two air masses that have different temperatures. Fronts are often accompanied by rain or unsettled weather. See more at cold front, warm front.

front

1. The lateral space occupied by an element measured from the extremity of one flank to the extremity of the other flank.
2. The direction of the enemy.
3. The line of contact of two opposing forces.
4. When a combat situation does not exist or is not assumed, the direction toward which the command is faced.

front

1. 'front'

The front of a building is the part that faces the street or that has the building's main entrance.

There is a large garden at the front of the house.I knocked on the front door.2. 'in front of'

If you are between the front of a building and the street, you say that you are in front of the building.

A crowd had assembled in front of the court.People were waiting in front of the art gallery.

Be Careful!
Don't use 'the' before front in sentences like these. Don't say, for example, 'People were waiting in the front of the art gallery'.

3. 'opposite'

If there is a street between you and the front of a building, don't say that you are 'in front of' the building. You say that you are opposite it.

The hotel is opposite a railway station.Opposite is St Paul's Church.There was a banner on the building opposite.

Speakers of American English usually say across from rather than 'opposite'.

Stinson has rented a home across from his parents.

front

Past participle: fronted
Gerund: fronting

Imperative
front
front

Present
I front
you front
he/she/it fronts
we front
you front
they front

Preterite
I fronted
you fronted
he/she/it fronted
we fronted
you fronted
they fronted

Present Continuous
I am fronting
you are fronting
he/she/it is fronting
we are fronting
you are fronting
they are fronting

Present Perfect
I have fronted
you have fronted
he/she/it has fronted
we have fronted
you have fronted
they have fronted

Past Continuous
I was fronting
you were fronting
he/she/it was fronting
we were fronting
you were fronting
they were fronting

Past Perfect
I had fronted
you had fronted
he/she/it had fronted
we had fronted
you had fronted
they had fronted

Future
I will front
you will front
he/she/it will front
we will front
you will front
they will front

Future Perfect
I will have fronted
you will have fronted
he/she/it will have fronted
we will have fronted
you will have fronted
they will have fronted

Future Continuous
I will be fronting
you will be fronting
he/she/it will be fronting
we will be fronting
you will be fronting
they will be fronting

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been fronting
you have been fronting
he/she/it has been fronting
we have been fronting
you have been fronting
they have been fronting

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been fronting
you will have been fronting
he/she/it will have been fronting
we will have been fronting
you will have been fronting
they will have been fronting

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been fronting
you had been fronting
he/she/it had been fronting
we had been fronting
you had been fronting
they had been fronting

Conditional
I would front
you would front
he/she/it would front
we would front
you would front
they would front

Past Conditional
I would have fronted
you would have fronted
he/she/it would have fronted
we would have fronted
you would have fronted
they would have fronted

front

The boundary between air masses that have contrasting temperature and humidity.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	front - the side that is forward or prominentforepart, front endside, face - a surface forming part of the outside of an object; "he examined all sides of the crystal"; "dew dripped from the face of the leaf"forefront, head - the part in the front or nearest the viewer; "he was in the forefront"; "he was at the head of the column"back end, backside, rear - the side of an object that is opposite its front; "his room was toward the rear of the hotel"
	2.	front - the line along which opposing armies face each otherbattlefront, front linebattlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor, field - a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought; "they made a tour of Civil War battlefields"line - a fortified position (especially one marking the most forward position of troops); "they attacked the enemy's line"
	3.	front - the outward appearance of a person; "he put up a bold front"appearance - a mental representation; "I tried to describe his appearance to the police"
	4.	front - the side that is seen or that goes firstfore, prow, bow, stem - front part of a vessel or aircraft; "he pointed the bow of the boat toward the finish line"facade, frontage, frontal - the face or front of a buildingface - the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object); "he dealt the cards face down"frontispiece - front illustration facing the title page of a booknose - a front that resembles a human nose (especially the front of an aircraft); "the nose of the rocket heated up on reentry"nose - the front or forward projection of a tool or weapon; "he ducked under the nose of the gun"nose cone, ogive - front consisting of the conical head of a missile or rocket that protects the payload from heat during its passage through the atmosphereshirtfront - the front of a shirt (usually the part not covered by a jacket); "he had spilled catsup on his shirtfront"shopfront, storefront - the front side of a store facing the street; usually contains display windowsside - an extended outer surface of an object; "he turned the box over to examine the bottom side"; "they painted all four sides of the house"back, rear - the side that goes last or is not normally seen; "he wrote the date on the back of the photograph"
	5.	front - a person used as a cover for some questionable activityfigurehead, front man, nominal head, straw man, strawmanbeguiler, cheater, deceiver, trickster, slicker, cheat - someone who leads you to believe something that is not true
	6.	front - a sphere of activity involving effort; "the Japanese were active last week on the diplomatic front"; "they advertise on many different fronts"arena, domain, sphere, orbit, area, field - a particular environment or walk of life; "his social sphere is limited"; "it was a closed area of employment"; "he's out of my orbit"
	7.	front - (meteorology) the atmospheric phenomenon created at the boundary between two different air massesmeteorology - the earth science dealing with phenomena of the atmosphere (especially weather)atmospheric phenomenon - a physical phenomenon associated with the atmospherewarm front - the front of an advancing mass of warmer aircold front, polar front - the front of an advancing mass of colder airoccluded front, occlusion - (meteorology) a composite front when colder air surrounds a mass of warm air and forces it aloft
	8.	front - the immediate proximity of someone or something; "she blushed in his presence"; "he sensed the presence of danger"; "he was well behaved in front of company"presenceproximity - the region close around a person or thing
	9.	front - the part of something that is nearest to the normal viewer; "he walked to the front of the stage"position, place - the particular portion of space occupied by something; "he put the lamp back in its place"back, rear - the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer; "he stood at the back of the stage"; "it was hidden in the rear of the store"
	10.	front - a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals; "he was a charter member of the movement"; "politicians have to respect a mass movement"; "he led the national liberation front"social movement, movementsocial group - people sharing some social relationFighting French, Free French - a French movement during World War II that was organized in London by Charles de Gaulle to fight for the liberation of France from German control and for the restoration of the republicart movement, artistic movement - a group of artists who agree on general principlesBoy Scouts - an international (but decentralized) movement started in 1908 in England with the goal of teaching good citizenship to boysCivil Rights movement - movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizenscommon front - a movement in which several individuals or groups with different interests join together; "the unions presented a common front at the bargaining table"cultural movement - a group of people working together to advance certain cultural goalsecumenism, oecumenism - a movement promoting union between religions (especially between Christian churches)falun gong - a spiritual movement that began in China in the latter half of the 20th century and is based on Buddhist and Taoist teachings and practicespolitical movement - a group of people working together to achieve a political goalreform movement - a movement intended to bring about social and humanitarian reformsreligious movement - a movement intended to bring about religious reformsZionist movement, Zionism - a movement of world Jewry that arose late in the 19th century with the aim of creating a Jewish state in Palestine
Verb	1.	front - be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to; "The house looks north"; "My backyard look onto the pond"; "The building faces the park"face, looklie - be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain positionface - be opposite; "the facing page"; "the two sofas face each other"confront - be face to face with; "The child screamed when he confronted the man in the Halloween costume"back - be in back of; "My garage backs their yard"
	2.	front - confront bodily; "breast the storm"breastconfront, face - oppose, as in hostility or a competition; "You must confront your opponent"; "Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring"; "The two enemies finally confronted each other"
Adj.	1.	front - relating to or located in the front; "the front lines"; "the front porch"anterior - of or near the head end or toward the front plane of a bodyfirst - preceding all others in time or space or degree; "the first house on the right"; "the first day of spring"; "his first political race"; "her first baby"; "the first time"; "the first meetings of the new party"; "the first phase of his training"fore - situated at or toward the bow of a vesselback - related to or located at the back; "the back yard"; "the back entrance"

front

noun1. head, start, lead, beginning, top, fore, forefront Stand at the front of the line.2. exterior, facing, face, façade, frontage, anterior, obverse, forepart Attached to the front of the house was a veranda.3. foreground, fore, forefront, nearest part the front of the picture4. promenade, parade, boulevard, prom, esplanade a stroll on the front5. front line, trenches, vanguard, firing line, van Her husband is fighting at the front.6. appearance, look, show, face, air, bearing, aspect, manner, expression, exterior, countenance, demeanour, mien He kept up a brave front.7. (Informal) disguise, cover, screen, blind, mask, cover-up, cloak, façade, pretext a front for crime syndicatesadjective1. foremost, at the front She is still missing her front teeth.
foremost back, behind, rear, aft, back end, hindmost, nethermost2. leading, first, lead, head, foremost, topmost, headmost He is the front runner for the star role.verb1. face onto, overlook, look out on, have a view of, look over or onto Victorian houses fronting onto the pavement2. lead, head, direct, command, head up He fronted a formidable band of guerilla fighters.in front in advance, first, before, leading, ahead, preceding, in the lead, at the head, to the fore, in the van Polls show him out in front in the race.in front of3. facing, before She sat in front of her dressing-table mirror.4. before, preceding Something darted out in front of my car.5. in the presence of, before, in the sight of They never argued in front of their children.up front in advance, earlier, beforehand, ahead of time They'll be prepared to pay cash up front.

front

noun1. The part of someone or something facing the viewer:fore, forepart.2. The forward outer surface of a building:façade, face, frontage, frontal.Architecture: frontispiece.3. A deceptive outward appearance:cloak, color, coloring, cover, disguise, disguisement, façade, face, false colors, gloss, guise, mask, masquerade, pretense, pretext, semblance, show, veil, veneer, window-dressing.Slang: put-on.verb1. To have the face or front turned in a specific direction:face, look (on or upon).2. To meet face-to-face, especially defiantly:accost, confront, encounter, face.3. To confront boldly and courageously:beard, brave, challenge, dare, defy, face.Idioms: fly in the face of, snap one's fingers at, stand up to, thumb one's nose at.

Translations

前面前面的外表滨海人行道锋面

front

(frant) noun1. the part of anything (intended to be) nearest the person who sees it; usually the most important part of anything. the front of the house; the front of the picture; (also adjective) the front page.前面2. the foremost part of anything in the direction in which it moves. the front of the ship; (also adjective) the front seat of the bus.前部3. the part of a city or town that faces the sea. We walked along the (sea) front.滨海人行道4. (in war) the line of soliers nearest the enemy. They are sending more soldiers to the front.前线5. a boundary separating two masses of air of different temperatures. A cold front is approaching from the Atlantic. 锋（天气） 6. an outward appearance. He put on a brave front.外表7. a name sometimes given to a political movement. the Popular Front for Liberation.阵线ˈfrontage (-tidʒ) noun the front part of a building etc. 正面ˈfrontal adjective from the front. a frontal attack.正面的at the front of (standing etc) in the front part of something. at the front of the house; They stood at the front of the crowd.在...的前部in front (of) (placed, standing, moving etc) outside something on its front or forward-facing side. There is a garden in front (of the house).在前面

front

→ 前面zhCN, 前面的zhCN

Facing the front, please → 请给我面朝前的座位
Which is the key to the front door? (US)
Which is the key for the front door? (UK) → 哪一把是前门钥匙？

front

front,

in meteorology, zone of transition between adjacent air massesair mass,
large body of air within the earth's atmosphere in which temperature and humidity, although varying at different heights, remain similar throughout the body at any one height.
..... Click the link for more information. . If a cold air mass is advancing to replace a warmer one, their mutual boundary is termed a cold front; if the reverse, then the boundary is termed a warm front, whereas a stationary front indicates that no relative advance of either air mass is occurring. An occluded front is one in which a warm front has been completely undermined by cold air and is therefore positioned aloft. Since warmer air always overrides colder, denser air, the frontal boundary is sloped closer to the horizontal than the vertical. A mature cyclonecyclone,
atmospheric pressure distribution in which there is a low central pressure relative to the surrounding pressure. The resulting pressure gradient, combined with the Coriolis effect, causes air to circulate about the core of lowest pressure in a counterclockwise direction
..... Click the link for more information. usually involves all of the frontal types. The recognition of atmospheric fronts and their relative importance to weather forecasting came about only at the beginning of the 20th cent. as a result of publications by the meteorologists Vilhelm and Jakob BjerknesBjerknes, Vilhelm Frimann Koren
, 1862–1951, Norwegian physicist and pioneer in modern meteorology. He worked on applying hydrodynamic and thermodynamic theories to atmospheric and hydrospheric conditions in order to predict future weather conditions.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Front

the transition zone between two air masses in the troposphere. A front is very narrow compared to the air masses it separates, and consequently for purposes of theoretical investigation it is considered to approximate the boundary surface between two air masses of different temperature and is called a frontal surface. For the same reason, synoptic maps depict fronts as lines.

If air masses were immobile, the surface of a front would be horizontal, with the cold air beneath and the warm air above. But because both masses are moving, the surface is inclined with respect to the earth’s surface, with the cold air forming a gently sloping wedge beneath the warm air. The tangent of the angle of inclination of the frontal surface (slope of the front) is on the order of 0.01. Fronts sometimes extend all the way to the tropo-pause, but they may also be restricted to the lower few kilometers of the troposphere. At its contact with the earth’s surface, the front is a few dozen kilometers wide, while the horizontal dimensions of the air masses themselves are on the order of thousands of kilometers. When fronts are just beginning to form or when they are dissipating, their width is greater. Vertically, fronts represent a transition layer hundreds of meters thick, in which the temperature at higher altitudes does not decrease as much as usual (the vertical temperature gradient is diminished) or it rises, that is, a temperature inversion is observed.

At the earth’s surface, fronts are characterized by larger horizontal temperature gradients—in a narrow front the temperature changes abruptly from the values characteristic of one air mass to values typical of the other, a change of sometimes more than 10°C. The air humidity and the transparency of the atmosphere also change along the front. In the barometric field, fronts are associated with troughs of low pressure, and consequently their passage causes corresponding changes in atmospheric pressure and winds. Vast cloud systems form above the frontal surfaces, including nimbostratus and cumulonimbus clouds, which produce precipitation. Fronts move at speeds equal to the normal wind velocity associated with each front. Therefore, the passage of an atmospheric front through a particular area causes a rapid change (a matter of hours) or sometimes an abrupt change in important meteorological elements, as well as a change in the weather itself.

Fronts are typical of the extratropical latitudes of the earth, in particular the temperate latitudes, where the primary air masses of the troposphere border one another. They occur rarely in the tropics; the permanent zone of intertropical convergence there differs significantly from fronts, since it is not a temperature boundary. The primary cause of the formation of fronts, called frontogenesis, is the existence of systems of movement in the troposphere, which lead to the convergence of air masses of contrasting temperatures. In the process, the originally broad transition zone between the air masses becomes relatively narrow. In certain cases, it is possible for fronts to form when air passes along an abrupt temperature boundary on an underlying surface, as, for example, over the edge of the ice in the ocean. This is known as topographic frontogenesis. In the atmospheric general circulation, there arise between the air masses of different latitudinal zones with fairly large contrasting temperatures long (thousands of kilometers), primarily latitudinal, main fronts—the arctic, antarctic, and polar fronts—where the formation of cyclones and anticyclones occurs. In this case, the dynamic stability of the main front is disrupted; the front changes and moves toward the higher latitudes in some sectors and toward the lower latitudes in others. On both sides of the frontal surface vertical wind components on the order of centimeters per second occur. The ascending movement of air above the frontal surface, which leads to the formation of cloud systems and to precipitation, is especially important.

In the forward part of a cyclone, the main front acquires the features of a warm front: as it moves toward higher latitudes, the warm air replaces the retreating cold air. In this case, the ascending movement of warm air over the very gently inclined frontal surface leads to the formation of a cloud system several hundred kilometers wide before the frontal line. In this system, the clouds change from thin, high cirrus clouds in the forward part to thick nimbostratus clouds, with steady rainfall directly ahead of the frontal line. In the rear part of a cyclone, the front has the characteristics of a cold front, in which cold air pushes forward in the form of a wedge, forcing the warm air in front of it to rise. The cloud system in a cold front is not as broad as that in a warm front, but it is characterized by a prevalence, or, in any case, the presence of cumulonimbus clouds, which produce heavy rainfall. Squalls and thunderstorms often precede the advance of the front. When a cyclone becomes occluded, the warm and cold fronts come into contact, forming a complex occluded front with corresponding changes in the cloud systems. As a result of the development of frontal disturbances, the fronts themselves dissipate, a process called frontolysis. However, changes in the pressure field and the wind as a result of cyclonic activity lead to the development of new fronts and, therefore, to a constant renewal of the process of cyclonic activity along the fronts.

The occurrence of jet streams in the upper part of the troposphere is related to fronts. A distinction is made between the main fronts and secondary fronts, which occur within the air masses of a particular natural zone as a result of certain discontinuities in the main front. They are of little importance in the atmospheric general circulation. There are cases when a front is well developed in the free atmosphere (upper front) but is poorly expressed or not manifested at all near the earth’s surface.

REFERENCES

Palmén, E., and C. Newton. Tsirkuliatsionnye sistemy atmosfery. Leningrad, 1973. (Translated from English.)
Petterssen, S. Analiz i prognozy pogody. Leningrad, 1961. (Translated from English.)

S. P. KHROMOV

Front

(1) The highest operational armed forces command in a continental military theater.

The front is designated to carry out operational and operational-strategic missions on one strategic or several operational axes. The missions of the front are carried out by means of operations and general combat, usually with coordination between large units on the front and the commands and large units of other armed services or sometimes independently. The combat composition of the front depends on the mission, conditions, importance, and operational dimensions of the particular axis. Usually a front includes several combined arms, tank, and air armies; separate units of various combat arms and special forces; and operational rear services units, installations, and agencies. A front may be reinforced by units of other armed forces branches and by the reserves of the Supreme Command.

The origin of the front was related to the development of a new form of military action—the operation—and the necessity for centralizing troop command and control. As a result of the experience gained in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, two front directorates were created in the Russian Army for the direction of the troops in the western theater before World War I. At the outset of World War I front commands developed, and in the course of the war the number of fronts increased to five. At that time fronts were designated to fulfill primarily strategic missions. In the Western European armies (Germany, France, and Great Britain) at the beginning of World War I, analogous commands also appeared and were called groups of armies or army groups. In the Red Army during the Civil War of 1918–20 four fronts were created at first and were designated to fulfill strategic missions. As the extent of combat actions expanded and the number of fronts increased (to six or seven), fronts were assigned primarily operational-strategic missions.

In the first days of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–45, the Soviet Supreme Command formed five fronts. During the war the number of fronts varied from ten to 15, depending on the length of the strategic front and the type of action the Soviet forces were engaged in. The fronts fulfilled primarily operational missions; only in certain cases did they carry out strategic missions. Strategic missions were usually assigned to groups of fronts.

In the armies of the capitalist countries during World War II, groups of armies were created as previously. Their composition was determined by the type of mission they were designed to fulfill and the conditions under which they waged combat.

(2) The side of a combat or battle formation that faces the enemy. There are offensive, attack, breakthrough, and defensive fronts. The length of a front of troops (made up of units, large units, and commands) during combat is determined by the situation, combat missions, number of arms, character of the terrain, and other factors.

(3) A line of deployment of armed forces and their point of contact with the enemy in a military theater.

(4) The side of a formation in which the servicemen or vehicles are facing front.

N. N. FOMIN

A list of the fronts of the Soviet armed forces in the Great Patriotic War follows.

Baltic Front (Oct. 10, 1943; from Oct. 20, 1943, Second Baltic Front). Commander, General of the Army M. M. Popov.

First Baltic Front (Oct. 20, 1943-Feb. 24, 1945). Commander, General of the Army A. I. Eremenko (to Nov. 19, 1943); General of the Army I. Kh. Bagramian (to Feb. 24, 1945).

Second Baltic Front (Oct. 20, 1943-Apr. 1, 1945). Commander, General of the Army (from Apr. 20, 1944, Colonel General) M. M. Popov (to Apr. 23, 1944, and Feb. 4–Feb. 9, 1945); General of the Army A. I. Eremenko (Apr. 23, 1944–Feb. 4, 1945); Marshal of the Soviet Union L. A. Govorov (Feb. 9-Mar. 31, 1945).

Third Baltic Front (Apr. 21–Oct. 16, 1944). Commander, Colonel General (from July 28, 1944, General of the Army) I. I. Maslennikov.

Briansk Front (first formation, Aug. 16-Nov. 10, 1941). Commander, Lieutenant General A. I. Eremenko (to Oct. 13, 1941); Major General G. F. Zakharov (to Nov. 10, 1941). Briansk Front (second formation, Dec. 24, 1941; from Mar. 12, 1943, second formation of Reserve Front). Commander, Colonel General Ia. T. Cherevichenko (to Apr. 2, 1942); Lieutenant General F. I. Golikov (to July 7, 1942); Lieutenant General N. E. Chibisov (to July 13, 1942); Lieutenant General K. K. Rokossovskii (to Sept. 27, 1942); Lieutenant General (from Jan. 30, 1943, Colonel General) M. A. Reiter (to Mar. 12, 1943). Briansk Front (third formation, Mar. 28, 1943; from Oct. 10, 1943, Baltic Front). Commander, Colonel General M. A. Reiter (to June 5, 1943); Colonel General M. M. Popov (to Oct. 10, 1943).

Byelorussian Front (first formation, Oct. 20, 1943; from Feb. 24, 1944, first formation of the First Byelorussian Front). Commander, General of the Army K. K. Rokossovskii. Byelorussian Front (second formation, Apr. 5, 1944; from Apr. 16, 1944, second formation of the First Byelorussian Front). Commander, General of the Army K. K. Rokossovskii.

First Byelorussian Front (first formation, Feb. 24, 1944; from Apr. 5, 1944, second formation of the Byelorussian Front). Commander, General of the Army K. K. Rokossovskii.

First Byelorussian Front (second formation, Apr. 16, 1944–May 9, 1945). Commander, General of the Army (from June 29, 1944, Marshal of the Soviet Union) K. K. Rokossovskii (to Nov. 16, 1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union G. K. Zhukov (to May 9, 1945).

Second Byelorussian Front (first formation, Feb. 24–Apr. 5, 1944). Commander, Colonel General P. A. Kurochkin.

Second Byelorussian Front (second formation, Apr. 24, 1944–May 9, 1945). Commander, Colonel General I. E. Petrov (to June 6, 1944); Colonel General (from July 28, 1944, General of the Army) G. F. Zakharov (to Nov. 17, 1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union K. K. Rokossovskii (to May 9, 1945).

Third Byelorussian Front (Apr. 24, 1944–May 9, 1945). Commander, Colonel General (from June 26, 1944, General of the Army) I. D. Cherniakhovskii (to Feb. 18, 1945); Marshal of the Soviet Union A. M. Vasilevskii (Feb. 20–Apr. 26, 1945); General of the Army I. Kh. Bagramian (to May 9, 1945).

Caucasian Front (Dec. 30, 1941; from Jan. 28, 1942, Crimean Front). Commander, Lieutenant General D. T. Kozlov.

Central Front (first formation, July 26–Aug. 25, 1941). Commander, Colonel General F. I. Kuznetsov (to Aug. 7, 1941); Lieutenant General M. G. Efremov (to Aug. 25, 1941). Central Front (second formation, Feb. 15, 1943; from Oct. 20, 1943, first formation of the Byelorussian Front). Commander, Colonel General (from Apr. 28, 1943, General of the Army) K. K. Rokossovskii.

Crimean Front (Jan. 28-May 19, 1942). Commander, Lieutenant General D. T. Kozlov.

Don Front (Sept. 30, 1942; from Feb. 15, 1943, second formation of the Central Front). Commander, Lieutenant General (from Jan. 15, 1943, Colonel General) K. K. Rokossovskii.

Far Eastern Front (formed before the beginning of the war; from Aug. 5, 1945, Second Far Eastern Front). Commander, General of the Army I. R. Apanasenko (to Apr. 25, 1943); Colonel General (from Oct. 26, 1944, General of the Army) M. A. Purkaev (to Aug. 5, 1945).

First Far Eastern Front (Aug. 5–Sept. 3, 1945). Commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov.

Second Far Eastern Front (Aug. 5–Sept. 3, 1945). Commander, General of the Army M. A. Purkaev.

Kalinin Front (Oct. 19, 1941; from Oct. 20, 1943, First Baltic Front). Commander, Colonel General I. S. Konev (to Aug. 26, 1942); Lieutenant General (from Nov. 18, 1942, Colonel General) M. A. Purkaev (to Apr. 25, 1943); Colonel General (from Aug. 27, 1943, General of the Army) A. I. Eremenko (to Oct. 20, 1943).

Karelian Front (Sept. 1, 1941–Nov. 15, 1944). Commander, Lieutenant General (from Apr. 28, 1943, Colonel General) V. A. Frolov (to Feb. 21, 1944); General of the Army (from Oct. 26, 1944, Marshal of the Soviet Union) K. A. Meretskov (to Nov. 15, 1944).

Kursk Front (Mar. 23, 1943; from Mar. 27, 1943, Orel Front). Commander, Colonel General M. A. Reiter.

Leningrad Front (Aug. 26, 1941–May 9, 1945). Commander, Lieutenant General M. M. Popov (to Sept. 5, 1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union K. E. Voroshilov (to Sept. 12, 1941); General of the Army G. K. Zhukov (Sept. 13–Oct. 7, 1941); Major General I. I. Fediuninskii (Oct. 8–26, 1941); Lieutenant General M. S. Khozin (Oct. 27, 1941–June 9, 1942); Lieutenant General (from Jan. 15, 1943, Colonel General; from Nov. 17, 1943, General of the Army; from June 18, 1944, Marshal of the Soviet Union) L. A. Govorov (to May 9, 1945).

Moscow Defense Zone (Dec. 2, 1941–Oct. 15, 1943). Commander, Lieutenant General (from Jan. 22, 1942, Colonel General) P. A. Artem’ev.

Moscow Reserve Front (Oct. 9–12, 1941). Commander, Lieutenant General P. A. Artem’ev.

Mozhaisk Defense Line Front (July 18–30, 1941). Commander, Lieutenant General P. A. Artem’ev.

Northern Front (June 24, 1941; from Aug. 26, 1941, Leningrad Front). Commander, Lieutenant General M. M. Popov.

Northern Caucasus Front (first formation, May 20–Sept. 3, 1942). Commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union S. M. Budennyi. Northern Caucasus Front (second formation, Jan. 24–Nov. 20, 1943). Commander, Lieutenant General (from Jan. 30, 1943, Colonel General) I. I. Maslennikov (to May 13, 1943); Lieutenant General (from Aug. 27, 1943, Colonel General) I. E Petrov (to Nov. 20, 1943).

Northwestern Front (June 22, 1941–Nov. 20, 1943). Commander, Colonel General F. I. Kuznetsov (to July 7, 1941); Major General P. P. Sobennikov (to Aug. 23, 1941); Lieutenant General (from Aug. 28, 1943, Colonel General) P. A. Kurochkin (Aug. 23, 1941–Oct. 5, 1942, and June 23–Nov. 20, 1943); Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko (Oct. 5, 1942–Mar. 14, 1943); Colonel General I. S. Konev (to June 22, 1943).

Orel Front (Mar. 27, 1943; from Mar. 28, 1943, third formation of the Briansk Front). Commander, Colonel General M. A. Reiter.

Primor’e Group of Forces (Apr. 20, 1945; from Aug. 5, 1945, First Far Eastern Front). Commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov.

Reserve Front (first formation, July 29–Oct. 12, 1941). Commander, General of the Army G. K. Zhukov (July 30–Sept. 12, 1941, and Oct. 8–12, 1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union S. M. Budennyi (Sept. 13–Oct. 8, 1941). Reserve Front (second formation, Mar. 12, 1943; from Mar. 23, 1943, Kursk Front). Commander, Colonel General M. A. Reiter. Reserve Front (third formation, Apr. 10–15, 1943). Commander, Lieutenant General M. M. Popov.

Reserve Armies Front (July 14, 1941; from July 29, 1941, first formation of the Reserve Front). Commander, Lieutenant General I. A. Bogdanov.

Southeastern Front (Aug. 7, 1942; from Sept. 30, 1942, second formation of the Stalingrad Front). Commander, Colonel General A. I. Eremenko.

Southern Front (first formation, June 25, 1941–July 28, 1942). Commander, General of the Army I. V. Tiulenev (to Aug. 30, 1941); Lieutenant General D. I. Riabyshev (to Oct. 5, 1941); Colonel General Ia. T. Cherevichenko (to Dec. 24, 1941); Lieutenant General R. Ia. Malinovskii (to July 28, 1942). Southern Front (second formation, Jan. 1, 1943; from Oct. 20, 1943, first formation of the Fourth Ukrainian Front). Commander, Colonel General A. I. Eremenko (to Feb. 2, 1943); Lieutenant General (from Feb. 12, 1943, Colonel General) R. Ia. Malinovskii (to Mar. 22, 1943); Lieutenant General (from Apr. 28, 1943, Colonel General; from Sept. 21, 1943, General of the Army) F. I. Tolbukhin (to Oct. 20, 1943).

Southwestern Front (first formation, June 22, 1941; from July 12, 1942, first formation of the Stalingrad Front). Commander, Colonel General M. P. Kirponos (to Sept. 20, 1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko (Sept. 30–Dec. 18, 1941, and Apr. 8–July 12, 1942); Lieutenant General F. Ia. Kostenko (Dec. 18, 1941–Apr. 8, 1942). Southwestern Front (second formation, Oct. 25, 1942; from Oct. 20, 1943, Third Ukrainian Front). Commander, Lieutenant General (from Dec. 7, 1942, Colonel General; from Feb. 13, 1943, General of the Army) N. F. Vatutin (to Mar. 27, 1943); Colonel General (from Apr. 28, 1943, General of the Army) R. Ia. Malinovskii (to Oct. 20, 1943).

Stalingrad Front (first formation, July 12, 1942; from Sept. 30, 1942, Don Front). Commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko (to July 23, 1942); Lieutenant General V. N. Gordov (to Aug. 12, 1942); Colonel General A. I. Eremenko (to Sept. 30, 1942). Stalingrad Front (second formation, Sept. 30, 1942; from Dec. 31, 1942, second formation of the Southern Front). Commander, Colonel General A. I. Eremenko.

Steppe Front (July 9, 1943; from Oct. 20, 1943, Second Ukrainian Front). Commander, Colonel General (from Aug. 26, 1943, General of the Army) I. S. Konev.

Transbaikal Front (Sept. 15, 1941–Sept. 3, 1945). Commander, Lieutenant General (from May 7, 1943, Colonel General) M. P. Kovalev (to July 12, 1945); Marshal of the Soviet Union R. Ia. Malinovskii (to Sept. 3, 1945).

Transcaucasian Front (first formation, Aug. 23, 1941; from Dec. 30, 1941, Caucasian Front). Commander, Lieutenant General D. T. Kozlov. Transcaucasian Front (second formation, May 15, 1942–May 9, 1945). Commander, General of the Army I. V. Tiulenev.

First Ukrainian Front (Oct. 20, 1943–May 11, 1945). Commander, General of the Army N. F. Vatutin (to Mar. 2, 1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union G. K. Zhukov (to May 24, 1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union I. S. Konev (to May 11, 1945).

Second Ukrainian Front (Oct. 20, 1943–May 11, 1945). Commander, General of the Army (from Feb. 20, 1944, Marshal of the Soviet Union) I. S. Konev (to May 21, 1944); General of the Army (from Sept. 10, 1944, Marshal of the Soviet Union) R. Ia. Malinovskii (to May 11, 1945).

Third Ukrainian Front (Oct. 20, 1943–May 9, 1945). Commander, General of the Army R. Ia. Malinovskii (to May 15, 1944); General of the Army (from Sept. 12, 1944, Marshal of the Soviet Union) F. I. Tolbukhin (to May 9, 1945).

Fourth Ukrainian Front (first formation, Oct. 20, 1943–May 31, 1944). Commander, General of the Army F. I. Tolbukhin (to May 15, 1944). Fourth Ukrainian Front (second formation, Aug. 5, 1944–May 11, 1945). Commander, Colonel General (from Oct. 26, 1944, General of the Army) I. E. Petrov (to Mar. 26, 1945); General of the Army A. I. Eremenko (to May 11, 1945).

Volkhov Front (first formation, Dec. 17, 1941–Apr. 23, 1942). Commander, General of the Army K. A. Meretskov. Volkhov Front (second formation, June 8, 1942–Feb. 15, 1944). Commander, General of the Army K. A. Meretskov.

Voronezh Front (July 9, 1942; from Oct. 20, 1943, First Ukrainian Front). Commander, Lieutenant General (from Jan. 19, 1943, Colonel General) F. I. Golikov (to July 14, 1942, and Oct. 22, 1942–Mar. 28, 1943); Lieutenant General (from Dec. 7, 1942, Colonel General; from Feb. 13, 1943, General of the Army) N. F. Vatutin (July 14–Oct. 22, 1942, and Mar. 28–Oct. 20, 1943).

Western Front (June 22, 1941; from Apr. 24, 1944, Third Byelorussian Front). Commander, General of the Army D. G. Pavlov (to June 30, 1941); Lieutenant General A. I. Eremenko (to July 2, 1941, and July 19–29, 1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko (July 2–19 and July 30–Sept. 12, 1941); Colonel General I. S. Konev (to Oct. 12, 1941, and Aug. 26, 1942–Feb. 27, 1943); General of the Army G. K. Zhukov (Oct. 13, 1941–Aug. 26, 1942); Colonel General (from Aug. 27, 1943, General of the Army) V. D. Sokolovskii (Feb. 28, 1943–Apr. 15, 1944); Colonel General I. D. Cherniakhovskii (to Apr. 24, 1944).

S. I. ISAEV

front

[frənt] (meteorology) A sloping surface of discontinuity in the troposphere, separating air masses of different density or temperature.

front

1. The most prominent face of a building and/or that face which contains the main entrance. 2. The face of a lock through which the bolt or bolts move. It is usually mortised in so as to be flush with edge of door; also called a lock front.

front

Warm front. front

Cold front. front

Warm occlusion. front

Cold occlusion.The bounding surfaces between different air masses. Three main types of fronts are the cold front, warm front, and occluded front.

front

1. Meteorol the dividing line or plane between two air masses or water masses of different origins and having different characteristics 2. Archaic the forehead or the face

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front someone some amount of money

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fronts

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REFERENCES

Front

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FRONT

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Synonyms for front

noun head

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noun exterior

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noun foreground

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noun promenade

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noun front line

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noun appearance

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noun disguise

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adj foremost

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Antonyms

adj leading

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verb face onto

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verb lead

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phrase in front

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phrase in front of: facing

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phrase in front of: before

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phrase in front of: in the presence of

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phrase up front

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Synonyms for front

noun the part of someone or something facing the viewer

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noun the forward outer surface of a building

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noun a deceptive outward appearance

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verb to have the face or front turned in a specific direction

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verb to meet face-to-face, especially defiantly

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verb to confront boldly and courageously

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Synonyms for front