fullerene
ful·ler·ene
F0357250 (fo͝ol′ə-rēn′)fullerene
(ˈfʊləˌriːn)ful•ler•ene
(ˈfʊl əˌrin)n.
Noun | 1. | fullerene - a form of carbon having a large molecule consisting of an empty cage of sixty or more carbon atoms |
单词 | fullerene | |||
释义 | fullereneful·ler·eneF0357250 (fo͝ol′ə-rēn′)fullerene(ˈfʊləˌriːn)ful•ler•ene(ˈfʊl əˌrin)n.
fullerenefullerene,any of a class of carboncarbon[Lat.,=charcoal], nonmetallic chemical element; symbol C; at. no. 6; interval in which at. wt. ranges 12.0096–12.0116; m.p. about 3,550°C;; graphite sublimes about 3,375°C;; b.p. 4,827°C;; sp. gr. 1.8–2.1 (amorphous), 1.9–2.3 (graphite), 3. ..... Click the link for more information. molecules in which the carbon atoms are arranged into 12 pentagonal faces and 2 or more hexagonal faces to form a hollow sphere, cylinder, or similar figure. The smallest possible fullerene molecule may have as few as 32 atoms of carbon, although fullerenelike molecules (lacking a hexagonal face) with as few as 20 carbon atoms have been found. The most common and most stable fullerene is buckminsterfullerenebuckminsterfullerene Fullerenes were first identified in 1985 as products of experiments in which graphite was vaporized using a laser, work for which R. F. Curl, Jr., R. E. Smally, and H. W. Kroto shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Fullerenes have since been discovered in nature as a result of lightning strikes, in the residue produced by carbon arc lamps, in interstellar dust, and in meteorites. Fullerene chemistry involves substituting metal atoms for one or more carbon atoms in the molecule to produce compounds called fullerides. Among these are conducting films of alkali metal-doped fullerenes and superconductors (potassium-doped Tc 18°K;, rubidium-doped Tc 30°K;). Fullerenes also have been used to produce tiny diamonds and thin diamond films. Fullerene research is expected to lead to new materials, lubricants, coatings, catalysts, electro-optical devices, and medical applications. BibliographySee M. S. Dresselhaus et al., Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes (1996); H. W. Kroto, The Fullerenes: New Horizons for the Chemistry, Physics, and Astrophysics of Carbon (1997); R. Taylor, ed., Lecture Notes on Fullerene Chemistry (1999). fullerene[′fu̇l·ə‚rēn]fullerene
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