exclusions

schizophrenia

Psychiatry A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by progressive mental disturbances in thought, perception, affect, behavior, and communication that last longer than 6 months, which may be accompanied by psychotic Sx, bizarre behavior, or by negative–deficit Sx, including low levels of emotional arousal, mental activity, and social drive; schizophrenia is a diagnosis of exclusion–none of its clinical, biochemical, neuroradiologic, pathophysiologic, and psychologic features are sufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis DSM-IV Clinical Disordered thought processes and abnormal behavior–eg, hallucinations, delusions, social withdrawal, inappropriate or "blunted" affect, verbal incoherence, cognitive deficits, inappropriate or blunted affect Types Catatonic, paranoid, disorganized, undifferentiated, residual Management Antipsychotics are used to 1. ↓ hallucinations and delusions, and other thought disturbances and improve Sx of withdrawal and apathy.2. Control Sx through maintenance therapy, and.3. As long-term prophylaxis, neuroleptics include haloperidol and clozapine See Cultural schizophrenia, Disorganized schizophrenia, Fugue, Multiple personality, Paranoid schizophrenia. Cf Schizoid personality disorder. Schizophrenia-diagnostic criteria¹ A Characteristic Sx: 2 or more² of following, for a significant portion of 1+ months Delusions Disorganized (or catatonic) behavior Disorganized speech (incoherence) Hallucinations Negative symptoms, eg flattening of affect, loss of volition B Social/occupational dysfunction
C Duration 6+ months in duration with 1+ months of 'active' symptoms, defined by criteria A Exclusions Symptoms are not better accounted for by D Other mental disorders, eg Schizoaffective disorder or Mood disorder with psychotic features E Other conditions, eg substances(medication, substance of abuse) and/or general medical conditions
¹Modified from Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4^th ed, Washington, DC, Am Psychiatric Assn, 1994 ²Only one of criteria A is required if the delusions are bizarre, or hallucinations include 1 + 'voices in head' .

单词	exclusions
释义	DictionarySeeexclusionEncyclopediaSeeschizophrenia exclusions schizophrenia Psychiatry A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by progressive mental disturbances in thought, perception, affect, behavior, and communication that last longer than 6 months, which may be accompanied by psychotic Sx, bizarre behavior, or by negative–deficit Sx, including low levels of emotional arousal, mental activity, and social drive; schizophrenia is a diagnosis of exclusion–none of its clinical, biochemical, neuroradiologic, pathophysiologic, and psychologic features are sufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis DSM-IV Clinical Disordered thought processes and abnormal behavior–eg, hallucinations, delusions, social withdrawal, inappropriate or "blunted" affect, verbal incoherence, cognitive deficits, inappropriate or blunted affect Types Catatonic, paranoid, disorganized, undifferentiated, residual Management Antipsychotics are used to 1. ↓ hallucinations and delusions, and other thought disturbances and improve Sx of withdrawal and apathy.2. Control Sx through maintenance therapy, and.3. As long-term prophylaxis, neuroleptics include haloperidol and clozapine See Cultural schizophrenia, Disorganized schizophrenia, Fugue, Multiple personality, Paranoid schizophrenia. Cf Schizoid personality disorder. Schizophrenia-diagnostic criteria¹ A Characteristic Sx: 2 or more² of following, for a significant portion of 1+ months Delusions Disorganized (or catatonic) behavior Disorganized speech (incoherence) Hallucinations Negative symptoms, eg flattening of affect, loss of volition B Social/occupational dysfunction C Duration 6+ months in duration with 1+ months of 'active' symptoms, defined by criteria A Exclusions Symptoms are not better accounted for by D Other mental disorders, eg Schizoaffective disorder or Mood disorder with psychotic features E Other conditions, eg substances(medication, substance of abuse) and/or general medical conditions ¹Modified from Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4^th ed, Washington, DC, Am Psychiatric Assn, 1994 ²Only one of criteria A is required if the delusions are bizarre, or hallucinations include 1 + 'voices in head' . FinancialSeeExclusion
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