| 释义 |
chancellor
chan·cel·lor C0236100 (chăn′sə-lər, -slər)n.1. Any of various officials of high rank, especially:a. A secretary to a monarch or noble.b. Chiefly British The chief secretary of an embassy.c. The chief minister of state in some European countries.2. a. The president of certain American universities.b. Chiefly British The honorary or titular head of a university.3. Law The presiding judge of a court of chancery or equity in some states of the United States and in Great Britain.
[Middle English chaunceler, from Old French chancelier, from Late Latin cancellārius, doorkeeper, from Latin cancellī, bars, latticework; see cancel.]
chan′cel·lor·ship′ n.chancellor (ˈtʃɑːnsələ; -slə) n1. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) the head of the government in several European countries2. (Education) US the president of a university or, in some colleges, the chief administrative officer3. (Education) Brit and Canadian the honorary head of a university. Compare vice chancellor14. (Law) US (in some states) the presiding judge of a court of chancery or equity5. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) Brit the chief secretary of an embassy6. (Ecclesiastical Terms) Christianity a clergyman acting as the law officer of a bishop7. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) archaic the chief secretary of a prince, nobleman, etc[C11: from Anglo-French chanceler, from Late Latin cancellārius porter, secretary, from Latin cancellī lattice; see chancel] ˈchancellorˌship nchan•cel•lor (ˈtʃæn sə lər, -slər, ˈtʃɑn-)
n. 1. the chief minister of state in some parliamentary governments, as in Germany. 2. the chief administrative officer in some American universities. 3. the chief secretary of a king or noble, or of an embassy. 4. the priest in charge of a Roman Catholic chancery. 5. the title of various important officials in the British government. 6. (in some states) the judge of a court of equity. 7. Brit. the honorary, nonresident, titular head of a university. [1100–50; Middle English chaunceler, late Old English canceler < Old North French, Old French < Late Latin cancellārius doorkeeper, literally, man at the barrier] chan′cel•lor•ship`, n. chancellorA title given to the heads of some universities in the United States and the United Kingdom.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | Chancellor - the British cabinet minister responsible for financeChancellor of the ExchequerBritish Cabinet - the senior ministers of the British governmentcabinet minister - a person who is a member of the cabinet | | 2. |  chancellor - the person who is head of state (in several countries)premier, prime ministerchief of state, head of state - the chief public representative of a country who may also be the head of governmenttaoiseach - the prime minister of the Irish Republic | | 3. | chancellor - the honorary or titular head of a universityBritain, Great Britain, U.K., UK, United Kingdom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland - a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; `Great Britain' is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdomhead teacher, school principal, principal, head - the educator who has executive authority for a school; "she sent unruly pupils to see the principal" |
Translationschancellor (ˈtʃaːnsələ) noun1. a state or legal official of various kinds. The Lord Chancellor is the head of the English legal system. 大臣 大臣2. the head of a university. 大學校長 大学校长Chancellor of the Exchequer noun the Finance Minister in Great Britain. 財政部長 财政部长Chancellor
chancellor1. the head of the government in several European countries 2. US the president of a university or, in some colleges, the chief administrative officer 3. Brit and Canadian the honorary head of a university 4. US (in some states) the presiding judge of a court of chancery or equity 5. Brit the chief secretary of an embassy 6. Christianity a clergyman acting as the law officer of a bishop 7. Archaic the chief secretary of a prince, nobleman, etc. Chancellor (Russian, kantsler; from German Kanzler). (1) In the feudal states of medieval Europe, the highest official, whose duties included directing the royal chancellery and archive and keeping the state seal. (2) In tsarist Russia, state chancellor (gosudarstvennyi kantsler) was the highest civil rank. According to the table of ranks of 1722, it corresponded to the military rank of field marshal (general-feVdmarshal). (3) In Germany from 1871 to 1945, the Reichskanzler was the head of the government; from 1934 he also exercised the powers of head of state. (4) In the Federal Republic of Germany and in Austria, the federal chancellor is the head of the government. (5) In Great Britain, the chancellor of the exchequer is the minister of finance; the lord high chancellor is the chairman of the House of Lords. (6) In Switzerland, the chancellor of the Federation is the leader in the secretariat to the highest federal executive and administrative bodies (Federal Council and Federal Assembly).
Chancellor (Reichskanzler). (1) In the German Empire from 1871 to 1918, the sole minister of all of Germany and chairman of the Bundesrat. Appointed by the emperor, the chancellor was the executive head of the empire. (2) In the Weimar Republic of 1919–33, the head of government, appointed by the president with the approval of the Reichstag. In 1933 so-called presidential cabinets were created, which in circumvention of the constitution did not rely on the confidence of the parliament. From 1933 to 1945, Hitler was chancellor, and in 1934 he consolidated the powers of the head of government and state, abolishing the office of president. Chancellor
Related to Chancellor: Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord ChancellorChancellorA secretary, secretary of state, or minister of a king or other high nobleman. The king's chancellor in England during the Middle Ages was given a variety of duties, including drawing up writs that permitted the initiation of a lawsuit in one of the common-law courts and deciding disputes in a way that gave birth to the system of law called Equity. His governmental department was called the Chancery. The Chancellor of the Exchequer in England is like the secretary of the U.S. treasury, but in former times he also presided over a court called the Court of Exchequer, which at first heard disputes over money owed to the king but eventually heard a wide variety of cases involving money. This jurisdiction was founded on the theory that a creditor who could not collect a debt would later be less able to pay whatever he owed to the king. Chancellor has also been used as the title for a judge who sits in a court of equity, for the president of a university, or for the public official in charge of higher education in some states. chancellorn. from the old English legal system, a chancellor is a judge who sits in what is called a chancery (equity) court with the power to order something be done (as distinguished from just paying damages.) Almost all states now combine chancery (equity) functions and law in the same courts. (See: equity) Chancellor see LORD CHANCELLOR.CHANCELLOR. An officer appointed to preside over a court of chancery, invested with various powers in the several states.
2. The office of chancellor is of Roman origin. He appears, at first, to have been a chief scribe or secretary, but he was afterwards invested with judicial power, and had superintendence over the other officers of the empire. From the Romans, the title and office passed to the church, and therefore every bishop of the catholic church has, to this day, his chancellor, the principal judge of his consistory. When the modern kingdoms of Europe were established upon the ruins of the empire, almost every state preserved its chancellor, with different jurisdictions and dignities, according to their different constitutions. In all he seems to have had a supervision of all charters, letters, and such other public instruments of the crown, as were authenticated in the most solemn manner; and when seals came into use, he had the custody of the public seal.
3. An officer bearing this title is to be found in most countries of Europe, and is generally invested with extensive authority. The title and office of chancellor came to us from England. Many of our state constitutions provide for the appointment of this officer, who is by them, and by the law of the several states, invested with power as they provide. Vide Encyclopedie, b. t.; Encycl.. Amer. h.t.; Dict. de Jur. h.t.; Merl. Rep. h.t.; 4 Vin. Ab. 374; Blake's Ch. Index, h.t.; Woodes. Lect. 95. FinancialSeeChancellor of the ExchequerChancellor
Related to Chancellor: Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord ChancellorSynonyms for Chancellornoun the British cabinet minister responsible for financeSynonyms- Chancellor of the Exchequer
Related Words- British Cabinet
- cabinet minister
noun the person who is head of state (in several countries)SynonymsRelated Words- chief of state
- head of state
- taoiseach
noun the honorary or titular head of a universityRelated Words- Britain
- Great Britain
- U.K.
- UK
- United Kingdom
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- head teacher
- school principal
- principal
- head
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