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byssinosisenUK
bys·si·no·sis B0592700 (bĭs′ĭ-nō′sĭs)n. An occupational respiratory disease caused by the long-term inhalation of cotton, flax, or hemp dust and characterized by shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. Also called brown lung disease.
[Late Latin byssinum, linen garment (from Latin byssus, linen cloth; see byssus) + -osis.]byssinosis (ˌbɪsɪˈnəʊsɪs) n (Pathology) a lung disease caused by prolonged inhalation of fibre dust in textile factories[C19: from New Latin, from Greek bussinos of linen (see byssus) + -osis]brown′ lung′
n. a chronic lung disease of textile workers caused by inhalation of cotton dust and other fine fibers. Also called byssinosis. TranslationsByssinosisenUK
byssinosis[¦bīs·ə′nō·səs] (medicine) A pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of cotton dust. Also known as brown lung disease. Byssinosis a pulmonary disease, related to the pneumoconiosis group of conditions which arise from prolonged inspiration of cotton dust. Byssinosis may develop in workers at flax processing plants. It is distinguished from other forms of pneumoconiosis by the presence of bronchitis and emphysema accompanied by very weak development of connective tissues. byssinosisenUK
Byssinosis DefinitionByssinosis is a chronic, asthma-like narrowing of the airways. Also called brown lung disease, byssinosis results from inhaling particles of cotton, flax, hemp, or jute.DescriptionAlthough inhaling cotton dust was identified as a source of respiratory disease more than 300 years ago, byssinosis has been recognized as an occupational hazard for textile workers for less than 50 years. More than 800,000 workers in the cotton, flax, and rope-making industries are exposed in the workplace to airborne particles that can cause byssinosis. Only workers in mills that manufacture yarn, thread, or fabric have a significant risk of dying of this disease.In the United States, byssinosis is almost completely limited to workers who handle unprocessed cotton. More than 35,000 textile workers have been disabled by byssinosis and 183 died between 1979 and 1992. Most of the people whose deaths were due to byssinosis lived in the textile-producing regions of North and South Carolina.Causes and symptomsAs many as 25% of workers with byssinosis have symptoms that continue or recur throughout the workweek. More severe breathing problems seem to result both from exposure to high levels of dust and from longer dust exposure. Workers who also smoke cigarettes suffer the most severe impairment.DiagnosisTests that detect decreasing lung capacity during the workday are used to diagnose byssinosis. Obstructive patterns are likely in patients who have had recurrent symptoms for more than 10 years.TreatmentTherapy for early-stage byssinosis focuses on reversing airway narrowing. Antihistamines may be prescribed to reduce tightness in the chest. Bronchodilators (drugs used to relax breathing passages and improve air flow) may be used with an inhaler or taken in tablet form. Reducing exposure is essential. Any worker who has symptoms of byssinosis or who has trouble breathing should transfer to a less-contaminated area.Key termsWheeze — A whistling sound made by the flow of high-velocity air through narrowed airways. Wheezing is a symptom of several respiratory diseases including byssinosis and asthma.PrognosisSmoking, impaired lung function, and a history of respiratory allergy increase a textile worker's risk of developing byssinosis. Prolonged exposure makes patients wheeze more often and can cause chronic bronchitis. It does not lead to permanently disabling lung disease.PreventionEliminating exposure to textile dust is the surest way to prevent byssinosis. Using exhaust hoods, improving ventilation, and employing wetting procedures are very successful methods of controlling dust levels to prevent byssinosis. Protective equipment required during certain procedures also prevents exposure to levels of contamination that exceed the current United States standard for cotton dust exposure.ResourcesOrganizationsAmerican Lung Association. 1740 Broadway, New York, NY 10019. (800) 586-4872. http://www.lungusa.org.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1600 Clifton Rd., NE, Atlanta, GA 30333. (800) 311-3435, (404) 639-3311. http://www.cdc.govbyssinosis [bis″ĭ-no´sis] a pulmonary disease seen in cotton textile workers and preparers of flax and soft hemp, due to inhalation of textile dust. Two forms are distinguished: acute byssinosis, seen in those who return to work after an absence and marked by tightness of the chest, wheezing, and coughing; and chronic byssinosis, seen in those with years of exposure and marked by permanent dyspnea. Called also brown lung. adj., adj byssinot´ic.bys·si·no·sis (bis'i-nō'sis), Obstructive airway disease in people who work with unprocessed cotton, flax, or hemp; caused by reaction to material in the dust and thought to include endotoxin from bacterial contamination. Sometimes called "Monday morning asthma" given that patients improve when away from work over the weekend. Synonym(s): cotton-dust asthma, cotton-mill fever, mill fever [G. byssos, flax, + -osis, condition] byssinosis (bĭs′ĭ-nō′sĭs)n. An occupational respiratory disease caused by the long-term inhalation of cotton, flax, or hemp dust and characterized by shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. Also called brown lung disease.byssinosis A lung disease linked to inhalation of airborne dust from cotton, hemp and linen; the early stages of disease are attributed to endotoxin.
Clinical findings
Coughing, wheezing, airway obstruction; > 10 years, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and interstitial lung disease, long-term disability.
Management
Bronchodilators, change of occupation.byssinosis Brown lung Occupational medicine A lung disease, secondary to inhalation of airborne dust from cotton, hemp, and linen; the early stages of disease are attributed to endotoxin Clinical Coughing, wheezing, airway obstruction; > 10 yrs, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and interstitial lung disease, long-term disability Management Bronchodilators, change of occupation. See Farmer's lungs. bys·si·no·sis (bis'i-nō'sis) Obstructive airway disease in people who work with unprocessed cotton, flax, or hemp; caused by reaction to material in the dust. [G. byssos, flax, + -osis, condition]byssinosis An allergic PNEUMONITIS, similar to BAGGASOSIS and bird-fancier's lung, caused by dust inhalation. Byssinosis is caused by the dust produced in the manufacture of cotton, flax or hemp goods. There is breathlessness, chest tightness and cough becoming progressively worse as exposure continues. |