diphosgene

(dī'fŏz`jēn), colorless liquid developed as a military poison. It boils at 128&degC;; its vapors have the odor of phosgenephosgene
, colorless poison gas, first used during World War I by the Germans (1915). When dispersed in air, the gas has the odor of new-mowed hay. The gas is highly toxic; when inhaled it reacts with water in the lungs to form hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide.
..... Click the link for more information. . Diphosgene is a lung irritant but is only slightly lachrimatory. Like phosgene, its effects are often delayed. Chemically it is trichloromethylchloroformate, ClCO₂CCl₃.

Diphosgene

trichloromethyl chloroformate, , a colorless, heavy mobile liquid, which fumes slightly in air and has a characteristic smell of rotting hay. Melting point, -57°C; boiling point, 128°C; d₄¹⁵, 1.644; index of refraction n_D²⁰, 1.4566. It is poorly soluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents. It is slowly hydrolyzed by water; the hydrolysis is considerably accelerated by heat and alkalies. Diphosgene reacts vigorously with ammonia and amines, yielding urea or its derivatives. The reaction can be used in diphosgene decontamination. At 300°-350°C, as well as in the presence of AlCl₃, FeCl₃, and other metal halides, diphosgene decomposes to COCl₂, CO, and CCl₄. Diphosgene is made by the exhaustive chlorination (under illumination) of methyl chloroformate.

Diphosgene has a powerful asphyxiating action and an appreciable irritant action. The unendurable concentration is 0.075 mg per liter; the fatal concentration, 0.25 mg per liter (30 min exposure). Diphosgene poisoning is characterized by a latent period of action (up to 6-8 hrs). Prolonged exposure to low concentrations is very dangerous, and the overall effect can result in marked damage to the organism (so-called cumulative effect). In World War I it was used as a poison.

REFERENCES

Soborovskii, L. Z., and G. Iu. Epshtein. Khimiia i tekhnologiia boevykh khimicheskikh veshchestv. Moscow-Leningrad, 1939.
Fliuri, F., and F. Tsernik. Vrednye gazy. Moscow, 1938.

R. N. STERLIN

diphosgene

[dī′fäz‚jēn] (organic chemistry) trichloromethyl chloroformate

单词	diphosgene
释义	diphosgene di·phos·gene D0237900 (dī-fŏz′jēn′)n. A colorless liquid, C₂Cl₄O₂, used in organic synthesis. Its vapor was used as a poison gas in World War I. diphosgene (daɪˈfɒzdʒiːn) n (Elements & Compounds) an oily liquid with an extremely poisonous vapour, made by treating methanol with phosgene and chlorinating the product: has been used in chemical warfare. Formula: ClCOOCCl3 di•phos•gene (daɪˈfɒs dʒin) n. a colorless liquid, C₂Cl₄O₂, used during World War I as a poison gas. [1920–25] diphosgene diphosgene (dī'fŏz`jēn), colorless liquid developed as a military poison. It boils at 128&degC;; its vapors have the odor of phosgenephosgene , colorless poison gas, first used during World War I by the Germans (1915). When dispersed in air, the gas has the odor of new-mowed hay. The gas is highly toxic; when inhaled it reacts with water in the lungs to form hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide. ..... Click the link for more information. . Diphosgene is a lung irritant but is only slightly lachrimatory. Like phosgene, its effects are often delayed. Chemically it is trichloromethylchloroformate, ClCO₂CCl₃. Diphosgene trichloromethyl chloroformate, , a colorless, heavy mobile liquid, which fumes slightly in air and has a characteristic smell of rotting hay. Melting point, -57°C; boiling point, 128°C; d₄¹⁵, 1.644; index of refraction n_D²⁰, 1.4566. It is poorly soluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents. It is slowly hydrolyzed by water; the hydrolysis is considerably accelerated by heat and alkalies. Diphosgene reacts vigorously with ammonia and amines, yielding urea or its derivatives. The reaction can be used in diphosgene decontamination. At 300°-350°C, as well as in the presence of AlCl₃, FeCl₃, and other metal halides, diphosgene decomposes to COCl₂, CO, and CCl₄. Diphosgene is made by the exhaustive chlorination (under illumination) of methyl chloroformate. Diphosgene has a powerful asphyxiating action and an appreciable irritant action. The unendurable concentration is 0.075 mg per liter; the fatal concentration, 0.25 mg per liter (30 min exposure). Diphosgene poisoning is characterized by a latent period of action (up to 6-8 hrs). Prolonged exposure to low concentrations is very dangerous, and the overall effect can result in marked damage to the organism (so-called cumulative effect). In World War I it was used as a poison. REFERENCES Soborovskii, L. Z., and G. Iu. Epshtein. Khimiia i tekhnologiia boevykh khimicheskikh veshchestv. Moscow-Leningrad, 1939. Fliuri, F., and F. Tsernik. Vrednye gazy. Moscow, 1938. R. N. STERLIN diphosgene [dī′fäz‚jēn] (organic chemistry) trichloromethyl chloroformate diphosgene di·phos·gene (dī-fos'jēn), A poison gas used in World War I; it is also slightly lacrimatoric.
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diphosgene

di·phos·gene

diphosgene

di•phos•gene

diphosgene

diphosgene

Diphosgene

REFERENCES

diphosgene

diphosgene

di·phos·gene