effect size

the size of effect which is found in a quantitative study. Different types of research design produce different effect sizes; for example, in correlational studies the size ofr (the correlation coefficient) gives an impression of the strength of the association between two variables. Achieving statistical significance is dependent on the STATISTICAL POWER of the statistical test employed. Statistical power is largely dependent on two factors: the effect size and the sample size. Thus a small correlation could be found to be significant when a large sample has been employed, whereas a large correlation could be found not to be significant because a small sample was employed. Conversely, the effect size from a study is largely unaffected by the sample size. Accordingly, statistical significance is not a measure of the magnitude of a result and if researchers wish to compare studies then effect size should be employed. An additional role of effect size is in the synthesis of the results from a number of studies using META-ANALYSIS.

effect size

A measurement of the effects of treatment, the absolute differences that the treatment produces, and not only the fact that the treatment reliably produces some effect, no matter how small. For example, in assessing the impact of a treatment for cancer, two forms of chemotherapy might each result in prolongation of life. If each treatment is well tolerated, the one that reliably prolongs life by several years has a greater effect size than the other, which prolongs life by only several weeks.

单词	effect size
释义	effect size effect size the size of effect which is found in a quantitative study. Different types of research design produce different effect sizes; for example, in correlational studies the size ofr (the correlation coefficient) gives an impression of the strength of the association between two variables. Achieving statistical significance is dependent on the STATISTICAL POWER of the statistical test employed. Statistical power is largely dependent on two factors: the effect size and the sample size. Thus a small correlation could be found to be significant when a large sample has been employed, whereas a large correlation could be found not to be significant because a small sample was employed. Conversely, the effect size from a study is largely unaffected by the sample size. Accordingly, statistical significance is not a measure of the magnitude of a result and if researchers wish to compare studies then effect size should be employed. An additional role of effect size is in the synthesis of the results from a number of studies using META-ANALYSIS. effect size effect size A measurement of the effects of treatment, the absolute differences that the treatment produces, and not only the fact that the treatment reliably produces some effect, no matter how small. For example, in assessing the impact of a treatment for cancer, two forms of chemotherapy might each result in prolongation of life. If each treatment is well tolerated, the one that reliably prolongs life by several years has a greater effect size than the other, which prolongs life by only several weeks. AcronymsSeeES
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