| 释义 |
familial hypercholesterolemia
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | familial hypercholesterolemia - congenital disorder characterized by high levels of cholesterol and early development of atherosclerosismonogenic disease, monogenic disorder - an inherited disease controlled by a single pair of geneshypercholesteremia, hypercholesterolemia - the presence of an abnormal amount of cholesterol in the cells and plasma of the blood; associated with the risk of atherosclerosis |
familial hypercholesterolemia
hypercholesterolemia [hi″per-ko-les″ter-ol-e´me-ah] excess of cholesterol in the blood.familial hypercholesterolemia hyperlipoproteinemia (type II).fa·mil·i·al hy·per·lip·o·pro·te·in·e·mi·a type II [MIM*143890 and MIM*144400] hyperlipoproteinemia characterized by increased plasma levels of β-lipoproteins and cholesterol, elevated or normal levels of triglycerides; heterozygotes have mild lipid changes and are susceptible to atherosclerosis in middle age, but homozygotes have severe changes (often with generalized xanthomatosis, xanthelasma, corneal arcus, and frank clinical atherosclerosis as young adults). This disorder is divided into two classes, both inherited as autosomal dominant with homozygotes more severely affected than heterozygotes: type IIA, which is characterized by elevated LDL but normal triglycerides and is due to a deficiency of the LDL receptor, a defect of the receptor or a modified LDL-apolipoprotein B-100, caused by mutation in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene on chromosome 19p. SYN familial hypercholesterolemia; type IIB has elevated LDL, cholesterol, and triglycerides, due to dysregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), the rate-controlling enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. SYN familial hyperbetalipoproteinemia, familial hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis.familial hypercholesterolemia Metabolic disease A common–
1:500 congenital AD defect in the LDL receptor gene, resulting in dysfunctional or absent receptors Clinical Early CAD in ♂, first MI by age 40–♀ may be asymptomatic throughout life, tendinous xanthomas, corneal arcus, xanthelasma; homozygotes have LDL-C > 600 mg/dL, tuberous xanthomas and fatal CAD in adolescence Lab ↑ LDL-C–300-500 mg/dL-20% of
cholesterol in this range is due to FH Management Smoking cessation, diet, exercise, drugs–bile-acid binding resins–eg, cholestipol, cholestyramine, nicotinic acid, ↓ cholesterol and ↓ saturated fat diet, liver transplant may provide LDL receptorstype II fa·mil·i·al hy·per·lip·o·pro·tein·e·mi·a (tīp fă-mil'ē-ăl hī'pĕr-lip'ō-prō-tēn-ē'mē-ă) Increased hematologic lipoprotein levels characterized by increased plasma levels of β-lipoproteins, cholesterol, and phospholipids, but normal triglycerides levels. Homozygotes have xanthomatosis and frank clinical atherosclerosis as young adults. The primary defect is a deficiency of apoprotein of very-low-density lipoproteins.
Synonym(s): familial hypercholesterolemia. AcronymsSeeFHfamilial hypercholesterolemia
Words related to familial hypercholesterolemianoun congenital disorder characterized by high levels of cholesterol and early development of atherosclerosisRelated Words- monogenic disease
- monogenic disorder
- hypercholesteremia
- hypercholesterolemia
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