edoxaban

Savaysa

Indications

Action

Pharmacokinetics

Time/action profile (anticoagulant effect)

Contraindications/Precautions

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects

Gastrointestinal

• abnormal liver function tests

Hematologic

• bleeding (life-threatening)
• anemia

Interactions

Drug-Drug interaction

Route/Dosage

Treatment of NVAF

Treatment of DVT/PE

Availability

Nursing implications

Nursing assessment

• Monitor for bleeding. Discontinue edoxaban if active pathological bleeding occurs. Concomitant drugs (aspirin, other antiplatelet agents, other antithrombotic agents, fibrinolytic therapy, chronic use of NSAIDs) may increase risk of bleeding. Anticoagulant effects of edoxaban persist for about 24 hr after last dose; there is no established way to reverse anticoagulant effects. Anticoagulant effects cannot be reliably monitored with standard laboratory tests. No reversal agent is available; protamine sulfate, vitamin K, and tranexamic acid do not reverse anticoagulant activity. Hemodialysis does not significantly contribute to edoxaban clearance.
• Monitor frequently for signs and symptoms of neurological impairment (numbness or weakness of legs, bowel, or bladder dysfunction, back pain, tingling, muscle weakness); if noted, urgent treatment is required. Intrathecal or epidural catheters should not be removed earlier than 12 hr after last dose of edoxaban. Next dose of edoxaban should not be given less than 2 hr after removal of catheter.
• Lab Test Considerations: Assess creatinine clearance (CrCl) using Cockcroft-Gault equation (Cockcroft-Gault CrCl = (140-age) x (weight in kg) x (0.85 if female)/(72 x creatinine in mg/dL) before starting therapy.

Potential Nursing Diagnoses

Implementation

• Discontinue edoxaban at least 24 hr prior to invasive or surgical procedures; may increase risk of bleeding. Edoxaban may be restarted as soon as adequate hemostasis is established; time to onset of pharmacodynamic effect is 1–2 hr.
• Oral: Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Administer 60 mg once daily without regard to food. Do not use in patients with CrCl >95 mL/min. If CrCl 15 to 50 mL/min, decrease dose to 30 mg once daily.
• Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism: Administer 60 mg once daily without regard to food following 5 to 10 days of parenteral anticoagulant therapy. If CrCl 15 to 50 mL/min, patient weighs ≤60 kg, or patient taking concurrent verapamil, quinidine, azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, oral itraconazole or oral ketoconazole, decrease dose to 30 mg once daily.
• If transitioning from warafarin or other vitamin K antagonists to edoxaban,discontinue warfarin and start edoxaban when INR ≤2.5. If transitioning from oral anticoagulants other than warfarin or other Vitamin K antagonists to edoxaban, discontinue current oral anticoagulant and start edoxaban at time of next scheduled dose of other oral anticoagulant. If transitioning from low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to edoxaban, discontinue LMWH and start edoxaban at time of next scheduled administration of LMWH. If transitioning from unfractionated heparin to edoxaban, discontinue infusion and start edoxaban 4 hr later.
• If transitioning from edoxaban to warfarin, Oral Option: For patients taking 60 mg of edoxaban, reduce dose to 30 mg and begin warfarin concomitantly. For patients taking 30 mg edoxaban, reduce dose to 15 mg and begin warfarin concomitantly. Measure INR at least weekly and just prior to daily dose of edoxaban to minimize influence of edoxaban on INR measurements. Once stable INR ≥2.0 achieved, discontinue edoxaban and continue warfarin. Parenteral Option:Discontinue edoxaban and administer a parenteral anticoagulant and warfarin at time of next scheduled edoxaban dose. Once stable INR ≥2.0 achieved, discontinue parenteral anticoagulant and continue warfarin. If transitioning from edoxaban to non-Vitamin-K Dependant Oral anticoagulant, discontinue edoxaban and start other oral anticoagulant at time of next dose of edoxaban. If transitioning from edoxaban to parenteral anticoagulant, discontinue edoxaban and start parenteral anticoagulant at time of next dose of edoxaban.

Patient/Family Teaching

• Instruct patient to take edoxaban as directed. Take missed doses as soon as remembered on same day. Return to regular schedule next day. Do not double doses in one day. Do not discontinue without consulting health care professional; stopping may increase risk of stroke.
• Caution patient that they may bleed more easily, longer, or bruise more easily during therapy. Advise patient to notify health care professional immediately if bleeding or a fall, especially with head injury, occurs.
• Advise patient to notify health care professional of all Rx or OTC medications, vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to consult with health care professional before taking other medications, especially other aspirin or NSAIDs.
• Advise patient to notify health care professional of therapy before surgery, medical, or dental procedures are scheduled.
• Advise female patient to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected. Avoid breastfeeding during therapy.

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

• Decreased thrombotic events (stroke and systemic embolization) associated with atrial fibrillation.
• Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).