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conservatism
con·ser·va·tism C0581700 (kən-sûr′və-tĭz′əm)n.1. The inclination, especially in politics, to maintain the existing or traditional order.2. A political philosophy or attitude that emphasizes respect for traditional institutions and opposes the attempt to achieve social change though legislation or publicly funded programs.3. Caution or moderation, as in behavior or outlook.conservatism (kənˈsɜːvəˌtɪzəm) n1. opposition to change and innovation2. a political philosophy advocating the preservation of the best of the established order in society and opposing radical change
Conservatism (kənˈsɜːvəˌtɪzəm) (in Britain, Canada, etc) n1. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) the form of conservatism advocated by the Conservative Party2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) the policies, doctrines, or practices of the Conservative Partycon•serv•a•tism (kənˈsɜr vəˌtɪz əm)
n. 1. the disposition to preserve or restore what is established or traditional and to limit change. 2. the principles and practices of political conservatives. [1825–35] conservatism1. the disposition to retain what is established and to practice a policy of gradualism rather than abrupt change. Cf. radicalism.
2. the principles and practices of political conservatives, especially of the British Conservative party. — conservative, n., adj.See also: PoliticsConservatism blimp See POMPOSITY. Dame Partington and her mop Stubborn and futile opposition to the inevitable, particularly to economic, political, or social reform. This infrequently used expression is derived from English newspaper stories of November 1824 which tell of a woman who used only a mop in attempting to rid her nearly inundated seaside home of water during a raging storm. The woman eventually gave up her struggle and sought safety elsewhere. In October 1831, Rev. Sydney Smith compared the rejection of a reform bill by the House of Lords to the plight of Dame Partington. die-hard See PERSEVERANCE. hard-hat A working-class conservative, so called from the protective metal or plastic helmet worn by construction workers. The Sunday Mail (Brisbane, June, 1970) offers the following explanation of the term: A “Hard Hat” is a construction worker, but his helmet symbolises all those beefy blue-collar workers who have suddenly become the knuckleduster on the strong right arm of President Nixon’s silent majority. redneck An ultraconservative. This disparaging term usually refers to the poor white farmers of the Southern backwoods who are notorious for their purported intolerance of liberals, intellectuals, Blacks, and hippies. Redneck, originating as an allusion to a farmer’s perennially sunburned neck, is now an epithet for any person who shares similar prejudices. right-wing Reactionary, conservative; averse to change, die-hard. The term reputedly arose from the seating arrangement of the French National Assembly of 1789, in which conservatives sat on the right side, or wing, of the chamber. As used today, right-wing, like left-wing, has pejorative connotations of extremism—in this case, of bigotry, prejudice, moneyed interests, anti-humanitarianism, etc. Both terms are used primarily to denigrate and stigmatize one’s opponents; a political conservative would not call himself a right-winger, just as a liberal would not call himself a left-winger; yet each might well label the other with the appropriate epithet. Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | conservatism - a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changesconservativismideology, political orientation, political theory - an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group or nationneoconservatism - an approach to politics or theology that represents a return to a traditional point of view (in contrast to more liberal or radical schools of thought of the 1960s)reaction - extreme conservatism in political or social matters; "the forces of reaction carried the election" |
Translationsconservation, conservatism etc see conserve
conserve (kənˈsəːv) verb to keep from changing, being damaged or lost. We must conserve the country's natural resources; This old building should be conserved. 保存 保存 noun something preserved, eg fruits in sugar, jam etc. 蜜餞 蜜饯ˌconserˈvation (kon-) noun the act of conserving especially wildlife, the countryside, old buildings etc. 保育 保护ˌconserˈvationist (kon-) noun a person who is interested in conservation. 自然保育者 自然资源保护论者conˈservatism (-vətizəm) noun dislike of change. 保守主義 保守主义conˈservative (-tiv) adjective1. disliking change. Older people tend to be conservative in their attitudes; conservative opinions. 守舊的 守旧的2. in politics, wanting to avoid major changes and to keep business and industry in private hands. 保守的 保守的conservatism
conservatism, in politics, the desire to maintain, or conserve, the existing order. Conservatives value the wisdom of the past and are generally opposed to widespread reform. Modern political conservatism emerged in the 19th cent. in reaction to the political and social changes associated with the eras of the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. By 1850 the term conservatism, probably first used by Chateaubriand, generally meant the politics of the rightright,
in politics, the more conservative groups in the political spectrum, in contrast to the radical left and the liberal center. The designation stems from the seating of the nobility on the right side of the presiding officer in the French National Assembly of 1789.
..... Click the link for more information. . The original tenets of European conservatism had already been formulated by Edmund BurkeBurke, Edmund,
1729–97, British political writer and statesman, b. Dublin, Ireland. Early Writings
After graduating (1748) from Trinity College, Dublin, he began the study of law in London but abandoned it to devote himself to writing.
..... Click the link for more information. , Joseph de MaistreMaistre, Joseph de
, 1753–1821, French writer and diplomat. Born in Savoy, he was Sardinian ambassador at St. Petersburg from 1803 to 1817. A passionate Roman Catholic and royalist, he was master of a rigidly logical doctrine and the possessor of a great store of knowledge.
..... Click the link for more information. , and others. They emphasized preserving the power of king and aristocracy, maintaining the influence of landholders against the rising industrial bourgeoisie, limiting suffrage, and continuing ties between church and statechurch and state,
the relationship between the religion or religions of a nation and the civil government of that nation, especially the relationship between the Christian church and various civil governments.
..... Click the link for more information. . The conservative view that social welfare was the responsibility of the privileged inspired passage of much humanitarian legislation, in which English conservatives usually led the way. In the late 19th cent. great conservative statesmen, notably Benjamin DisraeliDisraeli, Benjamin, 1st earl of Beaconsfield
, 1804–81, British statesman and author. He is regarded as the founder of the modern Conservative party.
..... Click the link for more information. , exemplified the conservative tendency to resort to moderate reform in order to preserve the foundations of the established order. By the 20th cent. conservatism was being redirected by erstwhile liberal manufacturing and professional groups who had achieved many of their political aims and had become more concerned with preserving them from attack by groups not so favored. Conservatism lost its predominantly agrarian and semifeudal bias, and accepted democratic suffrage, advocated economic laissez-fairelaissez-faire
[Fr.,=leave alone], in economics and politics, doctrine that an economic system functions best when there is no interference by government. It is based on the belief that the natural economic order tends, when undisturbed by artificial stimulus or regulation, to
..... Click the link for more information. , and opposed extension of the welfare state. This form of conservatism, which is best seen in highly industrialized nations, was exemplified by President ReaganReagan, Ronald Wilson
, 1911–2004, 40th president of the United States (1981–89), b. Tampico, Ill. In 1932, after graduation from Eureka College, he became a radio announcer and sportscaster.
..... Click the link for more information. in the United States and Prime Minister ThatcherThatcher, Margaret Hilda Roberts Thatcher, Baroness,
1925–2013, British political leader. Great Britain's first woman prime minister, nicknamed the "Iron Lady" for her uncompromising political stance, Thatcher served longer than any other British prime minister in the 20th
..... Click the link for more information. in Great Britain. It has been flexible and receptive to moderate change, favors the maintenance of order on social issues, and actively supports deregulation and privatization in the economic sphere. Conservatism should be distinguished both from a reactionary desire for the past and the radical right-wing ideology of fascismfascism
, totalitarian philosophy of government that glorifies the state and nation and assigns to the state control over every aspect of national life. The name was first used by the party started by Benito Mussolini, who ruled Italy from 1922 until the Italian defeat in World
..... Click the link for more information. and National Socialism. Bibliography See R. Kirk, The Conservative Mind (rev. ed. 1960); J. Habermas, The New Conservatism (1989); T. Honderich, Conservatism (1991); C. Robin, The Reactionary Mind (2011). conservatism - any social and political doctrine which seeks to defend the institutions and social values of the existing order.
- any relatively stable set of POLITICAL ATTITUDES in support of the status quo, i.e. policies which seek to sustain or renovate rather than reconstruct the social fabric. As such, conservatism is the opposite of radicalism.
- support for the British Conservative Party. Conservative political ideology, in its modern forms, first manifested itself as a reaction to the French Revolution. Edmund Burke, in his Reflections on the French Revolution (1790), produced a classic statement in defence of the old order. His central argument was that the established social and political institutions should be defended because they existed; they had grown ‘organically’. Hence, they were a better guide to action than any theoretical construction, no matter how rational the latter may seem. Burke's ideas have provided a core theme. Conservatism has rarely been based on any overtly stated political philosophy, since the danger is that it could be regarded as ‘abstract’ and ‘ideological’.
Another persistent theme of traditional conservatism has been that the social order must be maintained by a leadership composed of ÉLITES holding key positions of political responsibility The STATE is seen as playing a central role in guaranteeing the social order, authority, and the maintenance of social hierarchy Inequalities are seen as necessary elements of society Conservatives also stress the importance of custom and tradition as prerequisites of a stable social order. MANNHEIM (1953), however, distinguishes between conservatism and ‘static traditionalism’. Conservative politics has often involved changes which have been seen as necessary for the preservation of the social order: renovation rather than reconstruction of the social fabric. Such notions rest on another central theme in conservative thought, the belief that the mass of people, because of their inherent qualities, including ignorance and selfishness, are unlikely to create a satisfactory social order through their own efforts. See also WORKING-CLASS CONSERVATISM, DEFERENCE, NEW RIGHT, THATCHERISM, PROPERTY.Conservatism adherence to all that is old, outmoded, and stagnant and hostility and opposition to progress and to everything that is new and progressive in society, science, technology, and art. ConservatismApley, Georgescion of an old Boston society family, he exemplifies its traditions and remains in old-fashioned mediocrity. [Am. Lit.: The Late George Apley in Magill I, 499]Conservative partyBritish political party, once called the Tory party. [Br. Hist.: NCE, 632]Daughters of the American Revolution(D.A.R) conservative society of female descendants of Revolutionary War soldiers. [Am. Hist.: Jameson, 132]elephantsymbol of the Republican party. [Am. Hist.: Misc.]John Birch Societyultraconservative, anti-Communist organization. [Am. Hist.: NCE, 1421]laissez-fairepolitical doctrine that an economic system functions best without governmental interference. [Politics: Misc.]Ludditesarch-conservative workmen; smashed labor-saving machinery (1779). [Br. Hist.: Espy, 107]Republican PartyU.S. political party, generally espousing a conservative platform. [Am. Hist.: Jameson, 424]Warbucks, Daddyespouses a reactionary law-and-order society threatened by decadence, bureaucracy, and loss of Puritan virtues. [Comics: Berger, 84]MedicalSeeconservativeconservatism
ConservatismThe philosophy that what has been done should continue to be done as long as there is not a positive reason to change it. Conservatives may favor class distinctions as natural, or at least not harmful. In modern times, conservatism has become associated with the political right, or the belief that capitalism and the free market tend to best determine how an economy ought to be organized.conservatism or prudence see ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS.conservatism
Synonyms for conservatismnoun a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changesSynonymsRelated Words- ideology
- political orientation
- political theory
- neoconservatism
- reaction
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