| 释义 |
clone
clone C0414800 (klōn)n.1. A group of cells or organisms that are descended from and genetically identical to a single progenitor, such as a bacterial colony whose members arose from a single original cell.2. An organism developed asexually from another and genetically identical to it, such as an animal produced from an egg cell into which the nucleus of an adult individual has been transferred.3. A DNA sequence, such as a gene, that is transferred from one organism to another and replicated by genetic engineering techniques.4. One that copies or closely resembles another, as in appearance or function: "filled with business-school clones in gray and blue suits" (Michael M. Thomas).v. cloned, clon·ing, clones v.tr.1. To make multiple identical copies of (a DNA sequence).2. To create or propagate (an organism) from a clone cell: clone a sheep.3. To reproduce or propagate asexually: clone a plant variety.4. To produce a copy of; imitate closely: "The look has been cloned into cliché" (Cathleen McGuigan).v.intr. To grow as a clone.
[Greek klōn, twig.]
clon′al (klō′nəl) adj.clon′al·ly adv.clon′er n.clone (kləʊn) n1. (Genetics) a group of organisms or cells of the same genetic constitution that are descended from a common ancestor by asexual reproduction, as by cuttings, grafting, etc, in plants2. (Genetics) Also called: gene clone a segment of DNA that has been isolated and replicated by laboratory manipulation: used to analyse genes and manufacture their products (proteins)3. informal a person or thing bearing a very close resemblance to another person or thing4. (Telecommunications) slang a. a mobile phone that has been given the electronic identity of an existing mobile phone, so that calls made on the second phone are charged to the owner of the first phoneb. any similar object or device, such as a credit card, that has been given the electronic identity of another device usually in order to commit theftvb5. (Biochemistry) to produce or cause to produce a clone6. informal to produce near copies (of a person or thing)7. (Telecommunications) (tr) slang to give (a mobile phone, etc) the electronic identity of an existing mobile phone (or other device), so that calls, purchases, etc made with the second device are charged to the owner of the first device[C20: from Greek klōn twig, shoot; related to klan to break] ˈclonal adj ˈclonally advclone (kloʊn)
n., v. cloned, clon•ing. n. 1. a. a cell, cell product, or organism genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was asexually derived. b. a population of identical units, cells, or individuals derived asexually from the same ancestral line. 2. a person or thing that duplicates, imitates, or closely resembles another in appearance, function, etc.: The new computers are clones of the original model. v.t. 3. to produce a copy or imitation of. 4. a. to cause to grow as a clone. b. to separate (a batch of cells or cell products) so that each portion produces only its own kind. v.i. 5. to grow as a clone. [1900–05; < Greek klṓn a slip, twig] clon′al, adj. clon′al•ly, adv. clone (klōn)Noun1. A cell, group of cells, or organism that is produced asexually from a single ancestor. The cells of an individual plant or animal are clones because they all descend from a single fertilized cell. A clone may be produced by fission, in the case of single-celled organisms, or by budding, as in the hydra. Some plants can produce clones from horizontal stems, such as runners. Clones of cells and some plants and animals can also be produced in a laboratory.2. A copy of a sequence of DNA, as from a gene, that is produced by genetic engineering. The clone is then transplanted into the nucleus of a cell from which genetic material has been removed.Verb1. To produce or grow a cell, group of cells, or organism from a single original cell.2. To make identical copies of a DNA sequence. See more at genetic engineering.clone
Past participle: cloned
Gerund: cloning
| Present |
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| I clone | | you clone | | he/she/it clones | | we clone | | you clone | | they clone |
| Preterite |
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| I cloned | | you cloned | | he/she/it cloned | | we cloned | | you cloned | | they cloned |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am cloning | | you are cloning | | he/she/it is cloning | | we are cloning | | you are cloning | | they are cloning |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have cloned | | you have cloned | | he/she/it has cloned | | we have cloned | | you have cloned | | they have cloned |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was cloning | | you were cloning | | he/she/it was cloning | | we were cloning | | you were cloning | | they were cloning |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had cloned | | you had cloned | | he/she/it had cloned | | we had cloned | | you had cloned | | they had cloned |
| Future |
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| I will clone | | you will clone | | he/she/it will clone | | we will clone | | you will clone | | they will clone |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have cloned | | you will have cloned | | he/she/it will have cloned | | we will have cloned | | you will have cloned | | they will have cloned |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be cloning | | you will be cloning | | he/she/it will be cloning | | we will be cloning | | you will be cloning | | they will be cloning |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been cloning | | you have been cloning | | he/she/it has been cloning | | we have been cloning | | you have been cloning | | they have been cloning |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been cloning | | you will have been cloning | | he/she/it will have been cloning | | we will have been cloning | | you will have been cloning | | they will have been cloning |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been cloning | | you had been cloning | | he/she/it had been cloning | | we had been cloning | | you had been cloning | | they had been cloning |
| Conditional |
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| I would clone | | you would clone | | he/she/it would clone | | we would clone | | you would clone | | they would clone |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have cloned | | you would have cloned | | he/she/it would have cloned | | we would have cloned | | you would have cloned | | they would have cloned |
cloneA group of genetically identical plants produced by vegetative propagation, such as by cutting, grafting or division.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  clone - a person who is almost identical to anotherdead ringer, ringercolloquialism - a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speechlook-alike, double, image - someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor); "he could be Gingrich's double"; "she's the very image of her mother" | | 2. | clone - a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproductionclonorganism, being - a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently | | 3. | clone - an unauthorized copy or imitationknockoffcopy - a thing made to be similar or identical to another thing; "she made a copy of the designer dress"; "the clone was a copy of its ancestor" | | Verb | 1. | clone - make multiple identical copies of; "people can clone a sheep nowadays"re-create, copy - make a replica of; "copy that drawing"; "re-create a picture by Rembrandt" |
Translationsclone (kləun) verb to produce a copy of an animal or plant from a single cell of that animal or plant. 無性繁殖，複製 无性繁殖，克隆 noun a copy of an animal or plant produced from that animal or plant. 複製出的動植物 复制出的动植物cloning noungenetic cloning. 複製 复制，纯系化 clone
clone, group of organisms, all of which are descended from a single individual through asexual reproduction, as in a pure cell culture of bacteria. Except for changes in the hereditary material that come about by mutationmutation,
in biology, a sudden, random change in a gene, or unit of hereditary material, that can alter an inheritable characteristic. Most mutations are not beneficial, since any change in the delicate balance of an organism having a high level of adaptation to its environment
..... Click the link for more information. , all members of a clone are genetically identical. In 1962 John GurdonGurdon, Sir John Bertrand,
1933–, British biologist, Ph.D. Oxford, 1962. He has been a researcher at Cambridge since 1971. Gurdon was the joint recipient of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Shinya Yamanaka for the discovery that mature cells can be
..... Click the link for more information. was the first to clone an animal when he transferred cell nuclei from adult frog intestinal cells and injected them into egg cells from which the nucleus had been removed; the eggs then developed into tadpoles. Laboratory experiments in in vitro fertilizationin vitro fertilization
(IVF), technique for conception of a human embryo outside the mother's body. Several ova, or eggs, are removed from the mother's body and placed in special laboratory culture dishes (Petri dishes); sperm from the father are then added, or in many cases a
..... Click the link for more information. of human eggs led in 1993 to the "cloning" of human embryos by dividing such fertilized eggs at a very early stage of development, but this technique actually produces a twin rather than a clone. In a true mammalian clone (as in Gurdon's frog clone) the nucleus from a body cell of an animal is inserted into an egg, which then develops into an individual that is genetically identical to the original animal. Later experiments in cloning resulted in the development of a sheep from a cell of an adult ewe (in Scotland, in 1996), and since then rodents, cattle, swine, and other animals have also been cloned from adult animals. Despite these trumpeted successes, producing cloned mammals is enormously difficult, with most attempts ending in failure; cloning succeeds 4% or less of the time in the species that have been successfully cloned. In addition, some cloned animals are less healthy than normally reproduced animals. In 2001 researchers in Massachusetts announced that they were trying to clone humans in an attempt to extract stem cellsstem cells,
unspecialized human or animal cells that can produce mature specialized body cells and at the same time replicate themselves. Embryonic stem cells are derived from a blastocyst (the blastula typical of placental mammals; see embryo), which is very young embryo that
..... Click the link for more information. . The National Academy of Sciences, while supporting (2001) such so-called therapeutic or research cloning, has opposed (2002) the cloning of humans for reproductive purposes, deeming it unsafe, but many ethicists, religious and political leaders, and others have called for banning human cloning for any purpose. South Korean scientists announced in 2004 that they had cloned 30 human embryos, but an investigation in 2005 determined that the data had been fabricated. In 2013 scientists at Oregon Health and Science Univ. reported that they had created embryonic stem cells using genetic material from human skin cells and donated eggs; the technique used to create the embryo, however, would not result in a viable human clone. The Oregon team had done similar work in several years before with monkeys. The cloning of two monkeys that was reported in 2017 by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, did not use DNA from adult cells but from an aborted macaque fetus. Bibliography See G. Kolata, Clone (1997). Clone several successive generations of hereditarily similar organisms (or individual cells in cultures), formed as a result of asexual or vegetative reproduction from a common ancestor. Isolating a clone is one of several ways of obtaining genotypically uniform material. However, because of possible mutations, the genotypic homogeneity of a clone is relative. The varieties of plants cultivated vegetatively (for example, the potato) are often individual clones. In microbiology and protistology, a clone is the set of progeny of a single parental cell. clone[klōn] (biology) All individuals, considered collectively, produced asexually or by parthenogenesis from a single individual. (computer science) A hardware or software product that closely resembles another product created by a different manufacturer or developer, in operation, appearance, or both. (genetics) An organism whose diploid nuclear genome was derived from a somatic cell of another organism of the same species using biotechnologys. A copy of a genetically engineered DNA sequence. cloneOne of a series of plants that is reproduced by cuttings or other vegetative methods for several generations.clone1. Biology a group of organisms or cells of the same genetic constitution that are descended from a common ancestor by asexual reproduction, as by cuttings, grafting, etc., in plants 2. a segment of DNA that has been isolated and replicated by laboratory manipulation: used to analyse genes and manufacture their products (proteins) clone (jargon)1. An exact copy of a product, made legally orillegally, from documentation or by reverse engineering,and usually cheaper.
E.g. "PC clone": a PC-BUS/ISA, EISA, VESA, or PCIcompatible x86-based microcomputer (this use is sometimesmisspelled "klone" or "PClone"). These invariably have much morebang per buck than the IB PCM they resemble.
E.g. "Unix clone": An operating system designed to deliver aUnix-like environment without Unix licence fees or withadditional "mission-critical" features such as support forreal-time programming.
2. A clonebot.clone(1) To make an identical copy of something. See cloning software.
(2) A product that functions like another. The clone, which may be hardware, software or both, may not look exactly like the original, but it implies 100% functional compatibility with it. Fed the same input, the clone should produce the same output. See PC clone, white box and clean room technique.clone
clone [klōn] 1. the genetically identical progeny produced by the natural or artificial asexual reproduction of a single organism, cell, or gene, such as plant cuttings, a cell culture descended from a single cell, or genes reproduced by recombinant DNA technology.2. to establish or produce such a line of progeny. adj., adj clo´nal.
In 1997 a lamb was cloned in the United Kingdom, and in 2001 a cat was cloned in Texas. The idea of cloning animals remains a controversial subject that is being discussed by ethicists.clone (klōn), 1. A colony or group of organisms (or an individual organism), or a colony of cells derived from a single organism or cell by asexual reproduction, all having identical genetic constitutions. 2. To produce such a colony or individual. 3. A short section of DNA that has been copied by means of gene cloning. 4. A homogeneous population of DNA molecules. [G. klōn, slip, cutting used for propagation] clone (klōn)n.1. A group of cells or organisms that are descended from and genetically identical to a single progenitor, such as a bacterial colony whose members arose from a single original cell.2. An organism developed asexually from another and genetically identical to it, such as an animal produced from an egg cell into which the nucleus of an adult individual has been transferred.3. A DNA sequence, such as a gene, that is transferred from one organism to another and replicated by genetic engineering techniques.v. cloned, cloning, clones v.tr.1. To make multiple identical copies of (a DNA sequence).2. To create or propagate (an organism) from a clone cell: clone a sheep.3. To reproduce or propagate asexually: clone a plant variety.v.intr. To grow as a clone.
clon′al (klō′nəl) adj.clon′al·ly adv.clon′er n.clone A population of cells derived from a single parent cell and thus genetically identical; genetic differences in clonal population may arise from random spontaneous mutations during cell growthclone (klōn) 1. A colony of organisms or cells derived from a single organism or cell by asexual reproduction, all having identical genetic constitutions. 2. To produce such a colony or individual. 3. A short section of DNA that has been copied by means of gene cloning.
See: cloning[G. klōn, slip, cutting used for propagation]clone 1. A perfect copy, or a population of perfect copies, of any organism. Cloning occurs when an organism reproduces non-sexually, so that the genetic content (genome) of each is identical. 2. A number of identical cells derived from a single cell by repetitive division. 3. A perfect copy, or any number of copies, of any DNA sequence, such as a gene, or any other nucleotide sequence. clone - any of two or more individuals with identical genetic makeup produced from one parent by ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION. Examples of clones are daughter plants produced by strawberry RUNNERS, and whole plants produced by tissue culture.
- the identical individuals produced by the splitting of a young embryo.
- to produce a set of identical DNA molecules or identical individuals from a single DNA molecule or single cell, as in GENETIC ENGINEERING.
CloneA cell or organism derived through asexual (without sex) reproduction containing the identical genetic information of the parent cell or organism.Mentioned in: Gene Therapyclone
Related to clone: Human cloneSynonyms for clonenoun a person who is almost identical to anotherSynonymsRelated Words- colloquialism
- look-alike
- double
- image
noun a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproductionSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun an unauthorized copy or imitationSynonymsRelated Wordsverb make multiple identical copies ofRelated Words |