| 释义 |
crust
crust C0778300 (krŭst)n.1. a. The hard outer portion or surface area of bread.b. A piece of bread consisting mostly of the hard outer portion.c. A piece of bread that has become hard and dry.2. A pastry shell, as of a pie or tart.3. A hard crisp covering or surface: snow with a firm crust.4. A hard deposit formed on the interior of a wine bottle as the wine matures.5. Geology a. The solid, outermost layer of the earth, lying above the mantle.b. The outermost solid layer of a planet or moon.6. The hard outer covering or integument of certain plants and animals, such as lichens and crustaceans.7. An outer layer or coating formed by the drying of a bodily exudate such as pus or blood; a scab.8. Informal Insolence; audacity; gall.v. crust·ed, crust·ing, crusts v.tr.1. To cover with a crust.2. To form into a crust.v.intr.1. To become covered with a crust.2. To harden into a crust.
[Middle English cruste, from Old French crouste, from Latin crusta; see kreus- in Indo-European roots.]
crust′less adj.crust (krʌst) n1. (Cookery) a. the hard outer part of breadb. a piece of bread consisting mainly of this2. (Cookery) the baked shell of a pie, tart, etc3. any hard or stiff outer covering or surface: a crust of ice. 4. (Geological Science) the solid outer shell of the earth, with an average thickness of 30–35 km in continental regions and 5 km beneath the oceans, forming the upper part of the lithosphere and lying immediately above the mantle, from which it is separated by the Mohorovičić discontinuity. See also sial, sima5. (Pathology) the dry covering of a skin sore or lesion; scab6. (Brewing) a layer of acid potassium tartrate deposited by some wine, esp port, on the inside of the bottle7. (Biology) the hard outer layer of such organisms as lichens and crustaceans8. slang impertinence9. slang Brit and Austral and NZ a living (esp in the phrase earn a crust)vb10. to cover with or acquire a crust11. to form or be formed into a crust[C14: from Latin crūsta hard surface, rind, shell]crust (krʌst)
n. 1. the brown, hard outer surface of a loaf of bread. 2. a slice of bread from the end of the loaf. 3. a piece of stale bread. 4. the pastry containing the filling of a pie or other dish. 5. any hard external covering or coating, as of ice or snow. 6. a scab. 7. the outer layer of the earth, about 22 mi. (35 km) deep under the continents and 6 mi. (10 km) deep under the oceans. 8. Slang. presumption; gall. v.t., v.i. 9. to cover or become covered with a crust. 10. to form into a crust. [1275–1325; Middle English < Anglo-French, Old French cruste, croste < Latin crusta hard coating, crust] crust′al, adj. crust (krŭst) The solid, outermost layer of the Earth. ♦ The crust that lies underneath the continents is called continental crust, and is approximately 22 to 37 miles (35.4 to 59.6 kilometers) thick. It consists mostly of rocks rich in silica and aluminum, with minor amounts of iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, and potassium. ♦ The crust that lies underneath the oceans is called oceanic crust, and is approximately 3 to 6 miles (4.8 to 9.7 kilometers) thick. It has a similar composition to that of continental crust, but has higher concentrations of iron, magnesium, and calcium. It is denser than continental crust.crust - From French crouste, from Latin crusta, "rind, shell; incrustation."See also related terms for rind.crust
Past participle: crusted
Gerund: crusting
| Present |
|---|
| I crust | | you crust | | he/she/it crusts | | we crust | | you crust | | they crust |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I crusted | | you crusted | | he/she/it crusted | | we crusted | | you crusted | | they crusted |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am crusting | | you are crusting | | he/she/it is crusting | | we are crusting | | you are crusting | | they are crusting |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have crusted | | you have crusted | | he/she/it has crusted | | we have crusted | | you have crusted | | they have crusted |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was crusting | | you were crusting | | he/she/it was crusting | | we were crusting | | you were crusting | | they were crusting |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had crusted | | you had crusted | | he/she/it had crusted | | we had crusted | | you had crusted | | they had crusted |
| Future |
|---|
| I will crust | | you will crust | | he/she/it will crust | | we will crust | | you will crust | | they will crust |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have crusted | | you will have crusted | | he/she/it will have crusted | | we will have crusted | | you will have crusted | | they will have crusted |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be crusting | | you will be crusting | | he/she/it will be crusting | | we will be crusting | | you will be crusting | | they will be crusting |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been crusting | | you have been crusting | | he/she/it has been crusting | | we have been crusting | | you have been crusting | | they have been crusting |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been crusting | | you will have been crusting | | he/she/it will have been crusting | | we will have been crusting | | you will have been crusting | | they will have been crusting |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been crusting | | you had been crusting | | he/she/it had been crusting | | we had been crusting | | you had been crusting | | they had been crusting |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would crust | | you would crust | | he/she/it would crust | | we would crust | | you would crust | | they would crust |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have crusted | | you would have crusted | | he/she/it would have crusted | | we would have crusted | | you would have crusted | | they would have crusted |
crust
The hard outer skin of rock forming the ocean floor and the continents. Continental crust averages 20 mi (33 km) thick. Oceanic crust is less than 6.2 mi (10 km) thick.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  crust - the outer layer of the Earth Earth's crustlayer - a relatively thin sheetlike expanse or region lying over or under anotherasthenosphere - the lower layer of the crusthorst - a ridge of the earth's crust that has been forced upward between two faults and so is higher than the surrounding landgeosphere, lithosphere - the solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantlecrustal plate, plate - a rigid layer of the Earth's crust that is believed to drift slowlysial - the granitelike rocks that form the outermost layer of the earth's crust; rich in silicon and aluminumsima - rock that form the continuous lower layer of the earth's crust; rich in silicon and magnesium | | 2. | crust - a hard outer layer that covers somethingencrustation, incrustationcovering, natural covering, cover - a natural object that covers or envelops; "under a covering of dust"; "the fox was flushed from its cover"calculus, tophus, tartar - an incrustation that forms on the teeth and gums | | 3. | crust - the trait of being rude and impertinent; inclined to take libertiescheekiness, insolence, impertinence, impudence, freshness, gallrudeness, discourtesy - a manner that is rude and insultingchutzpa, chutzpah, hutzpah - (Yiddish) unbelievable gall; insolence; audacity | | Verb | 1. | crust - form a crust or form into a crust; "The bread crusted in the oven"change surface - undergo or cause to undergo a change in the surface |
crustnoun1. heel, end pieces of broken biscuit and hard crusts of bread2. layer, covering, coating, incrustation, film, outside, skin, surface, shell, coat, caking, scab, concretion As the water evaporates, a crust of salt is left on the surface of the soil.3. living, income, livelihood, subsistence, bread and butter (informal), daily bread, (means of) support, (source of) income In the old days, he would do almost anything to earn a crust.crustnounInformal. The state or quality of being impudent or arrogantly self-confident:assumption, audaciousness, audacity, boldness, brashness, brazenness, cheek, cheekiness, chutzpah, discourtesy, disrespect, effrontery, face, familiarity, forwardness, gall, impertinence, impudence, impudency, incivility, insolence, nerve, nerviness, overconfidence, pertness, presumptuousness, pushiness, rudeness, sassiness, sauciness.Informal: brass, sauce, uppishness, uppityness.Translationscrust (krast) noun1. (a piece of) the hard outside coating of bread. The child would not eat the crusts. 麵包皮 面包皮2. (American) pastry. She makes excellent pie crust. (美國)糕點 面粉制的糕点3. a hard surface especially the outer layer of the earth. 地殼 地壳ˈcrusty adjective1. having a crust. crusty bread. 有硬皮的 有硬皮的2. surly or irritable. 暴燥的，亂發脾氣的 执拗的，易发脾气的 ˈcrustily adverb 暴燥地 有硬皮地，粗鲁地 ˈcrustiness noun 暴燥 执拗，倔强 crust
earn a crustTo do work of any kind for a living; to earn money by some means. No, working in a canning factory isn't exactly glamorous, but we've all got to earn a crust somehow.See also: crust, earnearn (one's) crustTo do work of any kind for a living; to earn money by some means. No, working in a canning factory isn't exactly glamorous, but I've got to earn my crust somehow. I hear Janet is earning her crust with an investment firm in Tokyo now.See also: crust, earnthe upper crustThe most affluent, powerful, or influential class in a society; the social elites or aristocrats. The awards ceremony was a chance for me to mingle with the upper crust. For years, tax laws have been specifically designed to favor the upper crust before the working or lower class.See also: crust, upperpromises are like pie crust(s): (easily made,) easily brokenPromises are as thin and fragile as pie crust, and people make them so often but are rarely inclined to keep them. "Pie crust" is often written as a single word. A: "He promised to help me study for my exam, but he didn't show up!" B: "Well, promises are like pie crusts, Sarah—easily made, easily broken." A: "I promise that I will never do something like that again." B: "Not good enough, Tom. Promises are like piecrust—easily broken."See also: broken, easily, like, pie, promisepromises are like pie crust(s): (they are) made to be brokenPromises are as thin and fragile as pie crust, and people make them so often but are rarely inclined to keep them. "Pie crust" is often written as a single word. A: "He promised to help me study for my exam, but he didn't show up!" B: "Well, promises are like pie crusts, Sarah—made to be broken." A: "I promise that I will never do something like that again." B: "Not good enough, Tom. Promises are like piecrust—they're made to be broken."See also: broken, like, made, pie, promiseupper crustFig. the higher levels of society; the upper class. (From the top, as opposed to the bottom, crust of a pie.) Jane speaks like that because she pretends to be from the upper crust, but her father was a miner. James is from the upper crust, but he is penniless.See also: crust, upperupper crustThe highest social class, as in She wanted badly to be one of the upper crust but it wasn't going to happen. This term alludes to the choicest part of a pie or loaf of bread. [First half of 1800s] See also: crust, upperearn a crust or earn your crust BRITISHIf you earn a crust or earn your crust, you earn enough money to live on, especially by doing work you would prefer not to do. In his early days, he would do almost anything to earn a crust. You have to earn your crust somehow. Note: A crust means a piece of bread, especially a piece of the hard, outer part of the loaf. See also: crust, earnthe upper crust The upper crust are the people who belong to the highest social class. The Cowes Regatta is a gathering of the wealthy and the upper crust who race their huge yachts and attend grand parties.See also: crust, upperthe upper crust the aristocracy and upper classes. informal In Anne Elizabeth Baker 's Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases ( 1854 ) ‘Mrs Upper Crust’ is explained as the nickname for ‘any female who assumes unauthorized superiority’. The term was also current in informal American speech in the mid 19th century. The French word gratin has a similar pair of literal and metaphorical senses, being literally ‘a crust of crumbs and cheese on top of a cooked dish’ and metaphorically ‘the highest class of society’.See also: crust, upperˌearn a/your ˈcrust (British English, informal) earn enough money to live on: He’s a musician now, but he used to earn a crust by cleaning windows.The crust is the hard, outer surface of bread.See also: crust, earnthe ˌupper ˈcrust (informal) people who are in the highest social classIn the past, the top or upper crust of a loaf of bread was the best part, which the more important members of the household ate.See also: crust, uppercrust n. nerve; gall. She’s got a lot of crust—coming in here like that. upper crust, theAn older name for high society. This term appears to have been coined by Thomas Haliburton in his Sam Slick tales. “It was none of your skim-milk parties, but superfine uppercrust,” he wrote (The Clockmaker, 1835). By 1850 others were using the term, which alluded to the choicest part of a pie or loaf of bread. “Those families, you know, are our upper crust, not upper ten thousand” wrote James Fenimore Cooper (Ways of the Hour, 1850). The term is heard less often nowadays but is not quite obsolete.See also: upperupper crustThe top level of society. Although you might think that “crust” refers to bread and that the upper part was reserved for the aristocracy, word detectives would say you're wrong: no authoritative written connection between bread and the well-bred can be found. “Crust” refers to the earth's crust, or top layer. The upper crust of a society is its top layer.See also: crust, uppercrust
crust1. Geology the solid outer shell of the earth, with an average thickness of 30--35 km in continental regions and 5 km beneath the oceans, forming the upper part of the lithosphere and lying immediately above the mantle, from which it is separated by the Mohorovicić discontinuity 2. the dry covering of a skin sore or lesion; scab 3. Oenology a layer of acid potassium tartrate deposited by some wine, esp port, on the inside of the bottle 4. Biology the hard outer layer of such organisms as lichens and crustaceans crust The outermost solid layer of a terrestrial planet or a satellite, consisting of rock, ice, or a mixture of the two. See also Earth.Crust in plants, a complex of tissues on the surface of the stem and roots of woody plants, consisting of dead peridermal cells and parts of the bark. The crust forms as layers of periderm repeatedly form in the phloem. In the case of more or less concentric arrangement of peridermal layers, a ringed crust forms (as in mock orange and grapes); if the peridermal layers overlap, a scaly crust forms (as in oak). Depending on the nature of the depositing of crust, it falls from the surface of the tree in layers, ribbons, or scales. Crust usually forms late (in birch, pine, and oak when the tree is 25–35 years old); it protects the plant from excessive evaporation, sharp fluctuations of temperature, and other undesirable effects. crust[krəst] (geology) The outermost solid layer of the earth, mostly consisting of crystalline rock and extending no more than a few miles from the surface to the Mohorovičić discontinuity. Also known as earth crust. (hydrology) A hard layer of snow lying on top of a soft layer. crust
crust [krust] a formed outer layer, especially an outer layer of solid matter formed by drying of a bodily exudate or secretion.milk crust cradle cap.crust (krŭst), 1. A hard outer layer or covering; cutaneous crusts are often formed by dried serum or pus on the surface of a ruptured blister or pustule. 2. A scab. Synonym(s): crusta [L. crusta] crust (krŭst)n. An outer layer or coating formed by the drying of a bodily exudate such as pus or blood; a scab.v. crusted, crusting, crusts v.intr.1. To become covered with a crust.2. To harden into a crust.
crust′less adj.Cosmetic surgery A patch of dried protein-rich material that oozes from a hair graft, which sloughs off in 1–3 wks
Dermatology A layer of dried serum from an open wound
Seismology The outer layer of the Earth’s surfacecrust (krŭst) 1. A hard outer layer or covering; cutaneous crusts are often formed by dried serum or pus on the surface of a ruptured blister or pustule. 2. A scab.
Synonym(s): crusta. [L. crusta]crust (krŭst) 1. A hard outer layer or covering; cutaneous crusts are often formed by dried serum or pus on the surface of a ruptured blister or pustule. 2. A scab.[L. crusta]CRUST
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|
| CRUST➣Confederacy of Rascals and Unspeakably Suspicious Troublemakers (FFFBI) | | CRUST➣Constraining Regional Uplift, Sedimentation and Thermochronology |
crust
Related to crust: Eye crust, Pizza crustSynonyms for crustnoun heelSynonymsnoun layerSynonyms- layer
- covering
- coating
- incrustation
- film
- outside
- skin
- surface
- shell
- coat
- caking
- scab
- concretion
noun livingSynonyms- living
- income
- livelihood
- subsistence
- bread and butter
- daily bread
- (means of) support
- (source of) income
Synonyms for crustnoun the state or quality of being impudent or arrogantly self-confidentSynonyms- assumption
- audaciousness
- audacity
- boldness
- brashness
- brazenness
- cheek
- cheekiness
- chutzpah
- discourtesy
- disrespect
- effrontery
- face
- familiarity
- forwardness
- gall
- impertinence
- impudence
- impudency
- incivility
- insolence
- nerve
- nerviness
- overconfidence
- pertness
- presumptuousness
- pushiness
- rudeness
- sassiness
- sauciness
- brass
- sauce
- uppishness
- uppityness
Synonyms for crustnoun the outer layer of the EarthSynonymsRelated Words- layer
- asthenosphere
- horst
- geosphere
- lithosphere
- crustal plate
- plate
- sial
- sima
noun a hard outer layer that covers somethingSynonymsRelated Words- covering
- natural covering
- cover
- calculus
- tophus
- tartar
noun the trait of being rude and impertinentSynonyms- cheekiness
- insolence
- impertinence
- impudence
- freshness
- gall
Related Words- rudeness
- discourtesy
- chutzpa
- chutzpah
- hutzpah
verb form a crust or form into a crustRelated Words |