| 单词 | celibacy | ||||||
| 释义 | celibacycel·i·ba·cyC0188500 (sĕl′ə-bə-sē)cel•i•ba•cy(ˈsɛl ə bə si)n. celibacy
celibacy"Marriage has many pains, but celibacy has no pleasures" [Dr. Johnson Rasselas] celibacy(ˈselibəsi) nouncelibacycelibacy(sĕl`ĭbəsē), voluntary refusal to enter the married state, with abstinence from sexual activity. It is one of the typically Christian forms of asceticismasceticism, rejection of bodily pleasures through sustained self-denial and self-mortification, with the objective of strengthening spiritual life. Asceticism has been common in most major world religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Christianity: all of ..... Click the link for more information. . In ancient Rome the vestalvestal , in Roman religion, priestess of Vesta. The vestals were first two, then four, then six in number. While still little girls, they were chosen from prominent Roman families to serve for 30 (originally 5) years, during which time they could not marry. ..... Click the link for more information. virgins were celibates, and successful monasticismmonasticism , form of religious life, usually conducted in a community under a common rule. Monastic life is bound by ascetical practices expressed typically in the vows of celibacy, poverty, and obedience, called the evangelical counsels. ..... Click the link for more information. has everywhere been accompanied by celibacy as an ideal. Among ancient Jews the EssenesEssenes , members of a small Jewish religious order, originating in the 2d cent. B.C. The chief sources of information about the Essenes are Pliny the Elder, Philo's Quod omnius probus liber, Josephus' Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews, ..... Click the link for more information. were celibates. In the Judaism of postexilic times, sexual activity in the married state was considered lawful and good; otherwise it was unlawful. This norm remained in Christianity. But the mainstream of Christian tradition from the start has interpreted the Gospels and epistles as teaching that voluntary celibacy, especially virginity, is peculiarly meritorious. In the Orthodox Eastern churches, ordinary parish clergy are married, but monks, nuns, and bishops are celibates. In the West, celibacy was common among the parish clergy beginning the 3d cent.; as time passed, the Holy See became adamant in opposing the marriage of the secular clergy (see orders, holyorders, holy The Roman Catholic Church in the Roman rite allows no sacerdotal marriage, but the clergy of Eastern rites united with the Holy See are often married before ordination. Some married priests from other religions or rites have converted to Catholicism and been accepted, but not all dioceses have permitted these priests to practice. Although recent popes and various national groupings of bishops have insisted on the retention of celibacy for priests, there has been considerable pressure in the United States and Europe in support of voluntary marriage for the clergy. A standard defense of the Western discipline of celibacy for parish priests is that marriage would prevent the priest from giving his complete attention to his parish; critics complain that unmarried clergy are unfit to give counsel on marital and sexual problems. Since the Second Vatican Council, the Roman Catholic Church has restored the office of deacon to a prominent place in the ministry and accepts married men into it. Celibacy(religion, spiritualism, and occult)Monastic orders of many religious traditions have rules concerning celibacy. Marriage and sexual union are forbidden for practical or spiritual reasons. Sometimes, as in some Hindu and Buddhist traditions, sexual expression is considered to be a detriment to meditation and growth, a "giving in" to the body and its desires. Celibacy is then considered to be a form of asceticism. In early Christianity, celibacy was inspired by the words of the apostle Paul advising that those who chose not to marry had more time to serve the Lord. He implied that sex, as opposed to spiritual work, was a base human need when he said it "was better to marry than to burn." And since the early church believed Jesus was soon to return, it didn't make much sense to settle into a stable home life that would not last much longer. Besides this, Jesus had said that "in heaven they neither marry nor are given in marriage." All these together seemed to imply marriage was for the weak, at best. This notion was taken to its logical conclusion by the Shaker community in the United States. Nobody was allowed to have sex. The community only grew by conversions. In Roman Catholic tradition, celibacy is seen as a crucial vow taken by ordained clergy to allow them both time and uninterrupted energy to devote to the practical matter of being available for ministry. It is not that clergy are not married. They are married to the church and are expected to give the same devotion to Christ as they would to earthly spouses. Although a mystique surrounding "unavailable" male priests and "pure" female nuns undoubtedly places celibate clergy on a pedestal in the popular psyche, this was not the official intention of the church. Celibacythe obligatory unmarried state of the Catholic clergy. The decrees of the popes on celibacy in the early Middle Ages were not in fact adhered to. Strict observance of celibacy was demanded by Pope Gregory VII (1073–85), a leader of the Cluniac reform, who forbade married priests to perform their duties. Celibacy became firmly established in practice in the mid-13th century. The Catholic Church used it as a means of preserving church landownership because it prevented land from being broken up among heirs. Attempts were made to review the question of celibacy at the Second Vatican Council (1962–65). Pope Paul VI cut off discussion of the topic, but allowed deacons, including married deacons, to perform certain priestly functions. In 1967 the pope reaffirmed the irrevocability and “sanctity” of celibacy. The Protestant churches reject celibacy. In the Orthodox Church, celibacy is obligatory only for monks. celibacycelibacy(1) Abstention from sexual relations.(2) Nonmarriage for religious reasons. celibacySexology A state of being unmarried and abstinent from sexual relationships; vows of celibacy may be taken by clerics, and required by their religious ordercelibacy
Synonyms for celibacy
|
||||||
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。
celibacy - abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)